Page 2921 of 5267

HYDRAULIC PRESSURE TESTS
Pressure testing is a very important step in the diag-
nostic procedure. These tests usually reveal the cause
of most transmission problems.
Before performing pressure tests, be certain that fluid
level and condition, and shift cable adjustments have
been checked and approved. Fluid must be at operat-
ing temperature (150 to 200 degrees F.).
Install an engine tachometer, raise vehicle on hoist
which allows the wheels to turn, and position tachom-
eter so it can be read.
Using special adapters L-4559, attach 300 psi
gauge(s) C-3293SP to the port(s) required for test
being conducted.
Test port locations are shown in the Pressure Taps
graphic.
TEST ONE - SELECTOR IN MANUAL 1 (1st Gear)
NOTE: This test checks pump output, pressure regulation and condition of the low/reverse clutch hydraulic
circuit and shift schedule.
1. Attach pressure gauge to the low/reverse clutch tap.
2. Move selector lever to the MANUAL 1 position.
3. Allow vehicle wheels to turn and increase throttle opening to achieve anindicatedvehiclespeedto20mph.
4. Low/reverse clutch pressure should read 115 to 145 psi.
TEST TWO - SELECTOR IN MANUAL 2 (Second Gear)
NOTE: This test checks the underdrive clutch hydraulic circuit as well as the shift schedule.
1. Attach gauge to the underdrive clutch tap.
2. Move selector lever to the MANUAL 2 position.
3. Allow vehicle wheels to turn and increase throttle opening to achieve anindicated vehicle speed of 30 mph.
4. In second gear the underdrive clutch pressure should read 110 to 145 psi.
TEST TWO A - SELECTOR IN DRIVE (OD ON - Fourth Gear)
NOTE: This test checks the underdrive clutch hydraulic circuit as well as the shift schedule.
1. Attach gauge to the underdrive clutch tap.
2. Move selector lever to the DRIVE position. Verfy that the OD switch is ON.
3. Allow wheels to rotate freely and increase throttle opening to achieve an indicated speed of 40 mph.
4. Underdrive clutch pressure should read below 5 psi. If not, than either the solenoid assembly or controller is at
fault.
Pressure Taps
1 - TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH OFF
2 - REVERSE
3 - LOW/REVERSE
4-2/4
5 - UNDERDRIVE
6 - TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH ON
7-OVERDRIVE
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TEST THREE - SELECTOR IN DRIVE (OD OFF - Third and Second Gear)
NOTE: This test checks the overdrive clutch hydraulic circuit as well as the shift schedule.
1. Attach gauge to the overdrive clutch tap.
2. Move selector lever to the DRIVE position.
3. Allow vehicle wheels to turn and increase throttle opening to achieve anindicated vehicle speed of 20 mph.
4. Overdrive clutch pressure should read 74 to 95 psi.
5. Move selector lever to the DRIVE position and increase indicated vehicle speed to 30 mph.
6. The vehicle should be in second gearand overdrive clutch pressure shouldbelessthan5psi.
TEST FOUR - SELECTOR IN DRIVE (OD ON - Fourth Gear)
NOTE: This test checks the 2/4 clutch hydraulic circuit.
1. Attach gauge to the 2/4 clutch tap.
2. Move selector lever to the DRIVE position.
3. Allow vehicle front wheels to turn and increase throttle opening to achieve an indicated vehicle speed of 30 mph.
Vehicleshouldbeinfourthgear.
4. The 2/4 clutch pressure should read 75 to 95 psi.
TEST FIVE-SELECTOR IN DRIVE (OD ON - Fourth Gear, CC on)
NOTE: These tests check the torque converter clutch hydraulic circuit.
1. Attach gauge to the torque converter clutch off pressure tap.
2. Move selector lever to the DRIVE position.
3. Allow vehicle wheels to turn and increase throttle opening to achieve anindicated vehicle speed of 50 mph.
Vehicle should be in 4th gear, CC on.
CAUTION: Both wheels must turn at the same speed.
4. Torque converter clutch off pressure should be less than 5 psi.
5. Now attach the gauge to the torque converter clutch on pressure tap.
6. Move selector to the OD position.
7. Allow vehicle wheels to turn and increase throttle opening to achieve anindicated vehicle speed of 50 mph.
8. Verify the torque converter clutch is applied mode using the RPM displayof the scan tool.
9. Torque converter clutch on pressure should be 60-90 psi.
TEST SIX-SELECTOR IN REVERSE
NOTE: This test checks the reverse clutch hydraulic circuit.
1. Attach gauge to the reverse and low/reverse clutch tap.
2. Move selector lever to the REVERSE position.
3. Read reverse clutch pressure with output stationary (foot on brake) andthrottle opened to achieve 1500 rpm.
4. Reverse and low/reverse clutch pressure should read 165 to 235 psi.
TEST RESULT INDICATIONS
1. If proper line pressure is found in any one test, the pump and pressure regulator are working properly.
2. Low pressure in all positions indicates a defective pump, a clogged filter, or a stuck pressure regulator valve.
3. Clutch circuit leaks are indicated if pressures do not fall within the specified pressure range.
4. If the overdrive clutch pressure is greater than 5 psi in Step 6 of Test Three, a worn reaction shaft seal ring or
a defective solenoid assembly is indicated.
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5. Iftheunderdriveclutchpressureisgreaterthan5psiinStep4ofTestTwo-A, a defective solenoid/pressure
switch assembly or controller is the cause.
ALL PRESSURE SPECIFICATIONS ARE PSI (on hoist, with wheels free to turn)
Gear Selector Position Actual Gear PRESSURE TAPS
Under-
drive
ClutchOver-
drive
ClutchReverse
ClutchTo r q u e
Converter
Clutch
OffTo r q u e
Converter
Clutch
On2/4
ClutchLow/
Reverse
Clutch
PARK - 0 mph * PARK 0-2 0-5 0-2 60-110 45-100 0-2 115-145
REVERSE - 0 mph * REVERSE 0-2 0-7 165-235 50-100 35-85 0-2 165-235
NEUTRAL - 0 mph * NEUTRAL 0-2 0-5 0-2 60-110 45-100 0-2 115-145
Low - 20 mph # FIRST 110-
1450-5 0-2 60-110 45-100 0-2 115-145
Third-30mph# SECOND 110-
1450-5 0-2 60-110 45-100 115-
1450-2
Third - 45 mph # DIRECT 75-95 75-95 0-2 60-90 45-80 0-2 0-2
OD - 30 mph # OVERDRIVE 0-2 75-95 0-2 60-90 45-80 75-95 0-2
OD - 50 mph # OVERDRIVE WITH
TCC0-2 75-95 0-2 0-5 60-95 75-95 0-2
* Engine Speed at 1500 rpm
# CAUTION: Both wheels must be turning at same speed.
CLUTCH AIR PRESSURE TESTS
Inoperative clutches can be located by substituting air
pressure for fluid pressure. The clutches may be
tested by applying air pressure to their respective pas-
sages after the valve body has been removed. Use
Plate Set 6599-1 (1) and 6599-2 (1) to perform test.
To make air pressure tests, proceed as follows:
NOTE: The compressed air supply must be free of
all dirt and moisture. Use a pressure of 30 psi.
1. Remove oil pan and valve body. (Refer to 21 -
TRANSMISSION/AUTOMATIC - 42RLE/VALVE
BODY - REMOVAL)
2. Apply air pressure to the holes in the plates (1),
one at a time.
3. Listen for the clutch to apply. It will give a slight
thud sound. If a large amount of air is heard escap-
ing, the transmission must be removed from vehi-
cle, disassembled and all seals inspected.
2/4 CLUTCH
Apply air pressure to the feed hole located on the 2/4 clutch retainer (2). Look in the area where the 2/4 piston
contacts the first separator plate and watch carefully for the 2/4 piston tomoverearward.Thepistonshouldreturn
to its original position after the air pressure is removed.
Air Pressure Test Plate
1 - AIR PRESSURE TEST PLATES
2 - 2/4 CLUTCH RETAINER HOLE
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OVERDRIVE CLUTCH
Apply air pressure to the overdrive clutch apply passage and watch for the push/pull piston to move forward. The
piston should return to its starting position when the air pressure is removed.
REVERSE CLUTCH
Apply air pressure to the reverse clutch apply passage and watch for the push/pull piston to move rearward. The
piston should return to its starting position when the air pressure is removed.
LOW/REVERSE CLUTCH
Apply air pressure to the low/reverse clutch feed hole passage. Look in thearea where the low/reverse piston con-
tacts the first separator plate. Watch carefully for the piston to move forward. The piston should return to its original
position after the air pressure is removed.
UNDERDRIVE CLUTCH
Because this clutch piston cannot be seen, its opera-
tion is checked by function. Use an air nozzle (2) to
apply air pressure is to the low/reverse or the 2/4
clutch opening in Test Plate 6599-1 (2). This locks the
output shaft. Use a piece of rubber hose wrapped
around the input shaft and a pair of clamp-on pliers to
turn the input shaft. Next apply air pressure to the
underdrive clutch. The input shaft should not rotate
with hand torque. Release the air pressure and con-
firm that the input shaft will rotate.
FLUID LEAKAGE
FLUID LEAKAGE - TORQUE CONVERTER HOUSING AREA
When diagnosing converter housing (5) fluid leaks,
three actions must be taken before repair:
1. Verify proper transmission fluid level.
2. Verify that the leak originates from the converter
housing area and is transmission fluid.
3. Determine the true source of the leak.
Fluid leakage at or around the torque converter area
may originate from an engine oil leak (7). The area
should be examined closely. Factory fill fluid is red
and, therefore, can be distinguished from engine oil.
Some suspected converter housing fluid leaks may
not be leaks at all. They may only be the result of
residual fluid in the converter housing, or excess fluid
spilled during factory fill, or fill after repair. Converter
housing leaks have several potential sources. Through
careful observation, a leak source can be identified
before removing the transmission for repair.
Pump seal (1) leaks tend to move along the drive hub and onto the rear of the converter. Pump o-ring or pump
body leaks follow the same path as a seal leak. Pump attaching bolt (3) leaksare generally deposited on the inside
of the converter housing (5) and not on the converter itself. Pump seal (1) or gasket (4) leaks usually travel down
the inside of the converter housing.
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TORQUE CONVERTER LEAKAGE
Possible sources of torque converter leakage are:
Torque converter weld leaks at the outside diam-
eter weld (1).
Torque converter hub weld (2).
STANDARD PROCEDURE - ALUMINUM THREAD REPAIR
DamagedorwornthreadsinthealuminumtransmissioncaseandvalvebodycanberepairedbytheuseofHeli-
Coils
, or equivalent. This repair consists of drilling out the worn-out damagedthreads. Then tap the hole with a
special Heli-Coil
tap, or equivalent, and installing a Heli-Coilinsert, or equivalent, into the hole. This brings the
hole back to its original thread size.
Heli-Coil
, or equivalent, tools, and inserts are readily available from most automotive parts suppliers.
REMOVAL
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable.
2. Raise and support the vehicle
3. Remove any necessary skid plates. (Refer to 13 -
FRAMES & BUMPERS/FRAME/TRANSFER CASE
SKID PLATE - REMOVAL)
4. Mark propeller shaft and axle companion flanges
for assembly alignment.
5. Remove the rear propeller shaft. (Refer to 3 - DIF-
FERENTIAL & DRIVELINE/PROPELLER SHAFT/
PROPELLER SHAFT - REMOVAL)
6. Remove the front propeller shaft, if necessary.
(Refer to 3 - DIFFERENTIAL & DRIVELINE/PRO-
PELLER SHAFT/PROPELLER SHAFT -
REMOVAL)
7. Disconnect the input (1) and output (2) speed sen-
sors.
8. Disconnect the transfer case shift motor and mode
sensor assembly (3).
9. Disconnect the variable line pressure connector (4)
from the transmission, if equipped.
10. Disconnect the transmission range sensor (5).
Page 2926 of 5267
11. Disconnect wires from the solenoid/pressure
switch assembly.
12. Remove the bolts holding the exhaust crossover
pipe to the pre-catalytic converter pipe flanges (1).
13. Remove the bolts holding the exhaust crossover
pipe to the catalytic converter flange.
14. Disconnect gearshift cable (1) from transmission
manual valve lever (3).
15. Disengage the shift cable (1) from the cable sup-
port bracket (2).
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16. Remove the starter motor.
17. Remove the engine to transmission collar.
18. Rotate crankshaft in clockwise direction until con-
verter bolts are accessible. Then remove bolts
one at a time. Rotate crankshaft with socket
wrench on dampener bolt.
19. Disconnect the transmission vent hose from the
transmission.
20. Remove transfer case. (Refer to 21 - TRANSMIS-
SION/TRANSFER CASE - REMOVAL)
21. Support rear of engine with safety stand or jack.
22. Raise transmission slightly with service jack to
relieve load on crossmember and supports.
23. Remove bolts securing rear support and cushion
to transmission and crossmember.
24. Remove bolts attaching crossmember to frame
and remove crossmember.
25. Disconnect transmission fluid cooler lines (1) at
transmission fittings (3) and clips (2).
26. Remove all remaining converter housing bolts.
27. Carefully work transmission and torque converter
assembly rearward off engine block dowels.
28. Hold torque converter in place during transmission
removal.
29. Lower transmission and remove assembly from
under the vehicle.
30. To remove torque converter, carefully slide torque
converter out of the transmission.
DISASSEMBLY
NOTE: If the transmission is being reconditioned (clutch/seal replacement) or replaced, it is necessary to
perform the Quick Learn Procedure using the scan tool (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC CONTROL
MODULES/TRANSMISSION CONTROL MODULE - STANDARD PROCEDURE).
NOTE: Tag all clutch pack assemblies, as they are removed, for reassembly identification.
CAUTION: Do not intermix clutch discs or plates as the unit might then fail.
Before disassembling transmission, move the shift lever clockwise as faras it will go and then remove the shift
lever.
Page 2928 of 5267
1. Remove the torque converter (1) from the transmis-
sion input shaft (3).
2. Measure input shaft end play using pieces from
End Play Set 8266 (1, 2). Set up tool 8266 and
Dial Indicator C-3339 as shown.
3. Move input shaft in and out to obtain end play
reading. End play specifications are 0.127 to 0.635
mm (0.005 to 0.025 inch). Record indicator reading
for reference when reassembling the transmission.
If endplay exceeds the specified range, the #4
thrust plate needs to be inspected and changed if
necessary.
NOTE: The four bolts (3) along the bottom of the
adapter or extension housing (2) have a sealing
patch applied from the factory. Note the locations
of these bolts and separate these bolts for reuse.
4. Remove the bolts that hold the adapter or exten-
sion housing (2) onto the transmission case.