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P0455-EVAP LEAK MONITOR LARGE LEAK DETECTED
For a complete wiring diagramRefer to Section 8W.
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When Monitored:
Immediately after a cold start, with battery/ambient temperature between 40° F and 90° F and coolant tem-
perature within 10° F of battery/ambient.
Set Condition:
If there is a leak larger than 0.080
in the evaporative system.
Possible Causes
EVAP PURGE SYSTEM LEAK
EVAP PURGE SOLENOID
LDP SWITCH
Always perform the Pre-Diagnostic Troubleshooting procedure before proceeding. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE -
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING).
Diagnostic Test
1.VEHICLE HISTORY AND SERVICE BULLETIN INVESTIGATION
Ignition on, engine not running.
With a scan tool, read DTCs and record the related Freeze Frame data if any DTC(s) are present.
Whether or not any DTC(s) are present you will want to check the following items which may assist in repairing the
customer’s complaint successfully.
Check the vehicles repair history.
If the vehicle has a repair history that pertains to the customer’s currentcomplaint, review the repair.
Inspect the vehicle for any aftermarket accessories that may have been installed incorrectly.
Check for any service bulletin(s) related to the customer’s complaint or DTC(s).
If a service bulletin applies, follow the instructions per the service bulletin.
Choose the following scenario that best applies.
The service bulletin repaired the customer’s complaint.
Testing complete.
A DTC is present, no service bulletins apply, or the service bulletin didn’t repair the customer’s complaint.
Go To 2
2.ACTIVE DTC
NOTE: Since a hot vehicle can conceal a leak, it is best to perform this test at room temperature.
NOTE: A loose gas cap could have caused this DTC to set. Make sure gas cap is tight and in good condi-
tion. Make sure the gas cap meets OEM specifications.
Ignition on, engine not running.
With a scan tool, read DTCs.
Is the DTC active at this time?
Ye s>>
Go To 3
No>>
Refer to the INTERMITTENT CONDITION Diagnostic Procedure.
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
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3.VISUAL AND PHYSICAL INSPECTION
Perform a visual and physical inspection of the entire Evaporative Emission system.
Check for the follow conditions:
- Holes or cracks
- Loose seal points
- Evidence of damaged components
- Incorrect routing of hoses and tubes
- Fuel Cap gasket seal
Were any of the above conditions found?
Ye s>>
Repair as necessary.
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
No>>
Go To 4
4.VERIFY EVAPORATIVE EMISSION LEAK
To continue testing you will need Miller Tool #8404A Evaporative EmissionLeak Detector (EELD).
WARNING: Keep lit cigarettes, sparks, flames, and other ignition sourcesaway from the test area to prevent
the ignition of explosive gases. Keep the test area well ventilated.
NOTE: The fuel tank should have between 20% and 80% of fuel tank capacity to properly test the Evap
system.
Connect the red power lead of the EELD to the battery positive terminal and the black ground lead to battery neg-
ative terminal.
Block the vent hose of the canister if using the service port.
Connect shop air to the EELD.
Set the smoke/air control switch to AIR.
Insert the tester’s AIR supply tip (clear hose) into the appropriate calibration orifice on the tester’s control panel
(based on DTC leak size).
Press the remote smoke/air start button.
Position the red flag on the air flow meter so it is aligned with the indicatorball.
When the calibration is complete, release the remote button. The EELD flowmeter is now calibrated in liters per
minute to the size leak indicated by the DTC set in the PCM.
Install the service port adapter #8404-14 on the vehicle’s service port and block the vent hose of the EVAP Canister
(if equipped) or install the #8404-ADP service adaptor into the filter line.
Connect the Air supply hose from the EELD to the service port (if equipped) or to the #8404-ADP adapter.
Press the remote button to activate AIR flow.
NOTE: Larger volume fuel tanks, lower fuel levels or if the vehicle is equipped with a Flow Management
Valve may indicate high flow and will require 4 to 5 minutes to fill.
Compare the flow meter indicator ball reading to the red flag.
ABOVE the red flag indicates a leak present.
BELOW the red flag indicates a sealed system.
Is the indicator ball above the red flag?
Ye s>>
Go To 5
No>>
Refer to the INTERMITTENT CONDITION Diagnostic Procedure.
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
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5.EVAPORATIVE EMISSION LEAK DETECTION
NOTE: A thorough visual inspection of the Evap system hoses, tubes, and connections may save time in
your diagnosis. Look for any physical damage or signs of wetness at connections. The strong smell of fuel
vapors may also aid diagnosis.
To continue testing, you will need Miller Tool #8404A Evaporative Emissions Leak Detector (EELD).
Remove the Air supply hose from the service port (if equipped) or from the #8404-ADP adapter.
Connect the SMOKE supply tip (black hose) to the service port (if equipped)or to the #8404-ADP adapter.
Set the smoke/air control switch to SMOKE.
NOTE: The flow meter indicator ball will not move in the smoke mode.
Press the remote smoke/air start button.
NOTE: Make sure that smoke has filled the EVAP system by continuing to presstheremotesmoke/airstart
button, remove the vehicle fuel cap, and wait for the smoke to exit. Once smoke is indicated reinstall the
fuel cap.
NOTE: For optimal performance, introduce smoke into the system for an additional 60 seconds; continue
introducing smoke at 15 second intervals, as necessary.
While still holding the remote smoke/air start button, use the white light(#8404-CLL) to follow the EVAP system
path, and look for the source of the leak indicated by exiting smoke.
If a leak is concealed from view (i.e., top of fuel tank), release the remotesmoke/air start button, and use the ultra-
violet (UV) black light #8404-UVL and the yellow goggles 8404-20 to look for residual traces of dye that is left
behind by the smoke.
The exiting smoke deposits a residual fluid that is either bright green or bright yellow in color when viewed with a
UV light.
NOTE: Carefully inspect the vent side of the EVAP Canister. Due to the filtering system in the canister the
smoke may not be as thick. Introducing smoke into the filtered side of the canister may assist in locating
the leak.
NOTE: The EVAP System is divided into three zones. A leak from any of these zonescancausethisDTCto
set. The lists below specify the possible leak points in that specific zone. For further assistance see the
Zone Identification Charts below.
ZONE 1
1FuelCap
2 Recirculation Check Valve.
3 Vapor Recirculation Line.
4 Signal Vapor Line for FVM.
5 Flow Management Valve.
6 Fuel Tank to Canister Vapor Line connection.
7 Fuel Tank Vent (Check Valve).
8 Vapor Line to Canister.
9 Flow Control Orfice.
10 Control Valve.
11 Liquid Trap.
12 Fuel Tank.
13 Check valve.
14 Fuel Fill Tube to Tank connector.
15 Fuel Fill Tube
Damaged or disconnected EVAP system components.
ZONE 2
1Filter.
2LDP.
3 Canister Vent Line.
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4EvapCanister.
5 Chassis Purge Valve.
6 Fuel Tank to Canister Vapor Line connection.
7 Evap Purge connection.
ZONE 3
1 Evap Purge Vacuum Line.
2 Connection to Chassis Line.
3 Connection to Canister.
4 Chassis Purge Line.
5 Evap Purge Vacuum Line.
6 Connection to Evap Purge Harness.
7 Chassis Evap Purge Line connection to Engine Vacuum.
8EvapPurgeValve.
9ServicePort.
Wasaleakfound?
Ye s>>
Go To 6
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to
9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
No>>
Go To 7
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6.LEAK AT GAS CAP
Remove the SMOKE supply tip (black hose) from the service port (if equipped) or to the #8404–ADP adapter.
Install gas cap adapter, Miller Tool #8382 (1/4 turn cap) or #6922 (screw cap) and #8399* (secondary seal depres-
sor) and repeat test 5.
Was a leak found at the gas cap adapter?
Ye s>>
Replace the Fuel Filler tube assembly.
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
No>>
Replace the gas cap.
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
7.LEAK DETECTION PUMP
Apply an external vacuum to the LDP.
Using a scan tool, close the LDP seal to atmosphere.
Inject smoke into the Evap system using the EELD.
Examine the LDP filter port for smoke.
Is smoke visible from the LDP?
Ye s>>
Replace the Leak Detection Pump.
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
No>>
Go To 8
8.EVAP PURGE SOLENOID OPERATION
To continue testing you will need Miller Tool #8404 Evaporative Emission Leak Detector (EELD).
Connect the red power lead of the EELD to the battery positive terminal and the black ground lead to the battery
negative ternal.
Disconnect the vacuum hoses at the Evap Purge Solenoid.
Connect the SMOKE supply tip (black hose) to the service port (if equipped)or to the #8404-ADP adapter.
Set the smoke/air control switch to SMOKE.
Press the remote smoke/air start button.
NOTE: Below is an optional method of checking the purge valve for leaks if the EELD is unavailable.
Turn the ignition off.
Disconnect the vacuum hoses at the Evap Purge Solenoid.
Using a hand vacuum pump, apply 10 in Hg to the
CANof the EVAP Purge Solenoid.
With the scan tool, actuate the Evap Purge Solenoid.
NOTE: If the Evap Purge Solenoid does not hold a vacuum, it will need to be repalced..
Is smoke visible from the Evap Purge Solenoid?
Ye s>>
Replace the Evap Purge Solenoid.
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
No>>
Te s t C o m p l e t e .
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P0460-FUEL LEVEL SENDING UNIT NO CHANGE OVER MILES
For a complete wiring diagramRefer to Section 8W.
When Monitored:
Engine running and fuel level either below 15% or above 85% of capacity.
Set Condition:
The PCM sees low fuel, less than 15%, for more than 120 miles or fuel level does not change by at least 4%
for more than 250 miles.
Possible Causes
PHYSICALLY DAMAGED/DEFORMED/OBSTRUCTED FUEL TANK
FUEL LEVEL SENSOR
Always perform the Pre-Diagnostic Troubleshooting procedure before proceeding. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE -
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING)
1.CHECKING FOR A DAMAGED/DEFORMED/OBSTRUCTED FUEL TANK
Turn the ignition off.
WARNING: WARNING: The fuel system is under a constant pressure, even with the engine off. Before test-
ing or servicing any fuel system hose, fitting or line, the fuel system pressure must be released.
Inspect the outside of the fuel tank for defects.
Remove the fuel tank.
Remove the fuel pump module from the fuel tank.
Inspect the inside of the fuel tank for any obstructions or deformities.
Is the fuel tank free from defects?
Ye s>>
Go To 2
No>>
Repair or replace the fuel tank as necessary.
Perform POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
2.FUEL LEVEL SENSOR
If there are no possible causes remaining, view repair.
Repair
Replace the Fuel Level Sensor.
Perform POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
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P0462-FUEL LEVEL SENDING UNIT VOLTS TOO LOW
For a complete wiring diagramRefer to Section 8W.