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5C-22 BRAKES
RTW 35CSH001001
•
••
•
Operation
1) Outline
W hen the LSPV (Load Sensing Proportioning Valve) detects a change in load weight, the load sensing spring
stretches.
Its reaction force is transmitted to the bottom of the load sensing valve to secure an optimum rear wheel cylinde
r
fluid pressure break point in proportion to the actual load
weight.
Besides, if the front brake system should fail, the device is designed to prevent the master cylinder fluid pressure from
decreasing and to apply it directly to the rear wheel cylinde
r
to obtain a sufficient braking performance.
RTW 35CSH001101
2) Bellow cutting point.
The Force (F) keeps the main piston (1) the rest position. The inlet pressure (A) and outlet pressure (B) are the same
as well as the inlet pressure (C) from front master cylinder.
The bypass piston (2) is kept on rest position by equilibrium
of the pressures (A) and (C) and the bypass spring load (3).
RTW 35CSH001201
3) Cutting point.
The cutting point is given by relation between force (F), that is the load applied by suspension of the vehicle and the
main piston area (1). The cutting point is achieved when the
force generated by hydraulic pressure is upper than the
force (F) given by the load suspension. The main piston (1)
moves from the rest position closing the valve. In this
moment the inlet pressure (A) is upper than the outlet
pressure (B). The bypass piston (2) continues on the rest
position by equilibrium of (A) and (C) pressure.
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Page 722 of 6020

BRAKES 5C-23
RTW 35CSH001301
4) Failure on front master cylinder.
In case of failure on front master cylinder the pressure on the inlet port (C) drop to zero. The pressure from inlet port
(A) acts on the bypass piston (2) and move it by comprising
of bypass spring (3). It makes possible the communication
between the inlet port (A) to outlet port (B) through the
bypass system. The outlet pressure (B) reaches the inlet
pressure (A) and the LSPV is bypassed.
Valve Maintenance
In the case to fluid lead or other a abnormalities, faulty valve
should be replaced.
Note:
The load sensing proportioning valve is not repairable and
must be replaced as a completed assembly.
LOAD SENSING PROPORTIONING
VALVE (LSPV) ADJUSTMENT
RTW 35CSH000301
1. Fluid Pressure Measurement
1) Rear axle weight adjustment
W ith an axle weight meter, adjust the rear axle weight with a person sitting in the driver’s seat and a weight
loaded in the rear body. N (kg/lb)
MODEL Adjustment value
4 × 2 7845 (800/1764)
4 × 2 HIGH RIDE
4 × 4 9316 (950/2095)
RTW 35CSH000101
2) Installation of a fluid pressure gauge
Remove the air bleeder of the left hand wheel front and rear brakes. Bleed air out of the fluid pressure gauge
with the measurement hose of the fluid pressure gauge
installed.
Pressure Tester: Brake oil (Fluid pressure gauge)
5-8840-2190-0
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Page 723 of 6020

5C-24 BRAKES
RTW 35CSH000201
3) Rear wheel cylinder fluid pressure measurement
Step on the brake pedal until the fluid pressure of the front wheel cylinder gets to 9.8Mpa (100kg/cm
2), and
check the rear wheel cylinder fluid pressure. (Read the
value of the front wheel cylinder fluid pressure 2
seconds after the measurement. W hen measuring the
LSPV fluid pressure, keep the brake pedal pressed
down without stepping it down twice or releasing it.)
Rear W heel Cylinder Fluid Pressure MPa (kg/cm
2)
2W D 6.77 ±0.83 (69.0 ±8.5)
2W D (W ith High Ride
Suspension), 4W D 6.77
±0.83 (69.0 ±8.5)
RTW 35CSH000401
2. Oil Pressure Adjustment
1) LSPV spring length adjustment
Loosen the adjust nut of the LSPV spring joint, and adjust the length of the LSPV spring.
W hen the oil pressure is insufficient, turn the adjust nut clockwise to extend the span “A”. W hen the oil pressure
is too high, turn the adjust nut counterclockwise to
reduce the span “A”.
2) After adjustment, tighten the lock nut securely.
Lock Nut Torque N⋅m (kgf ⋅m/lb ⋅ft)
11-20 (1.1-2.0/8-14)
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Page 724 of 6020

BRAKES 5C-25
Filling Master Cylinder Reservoir
CAUTION:
Use only specified brake fluid. Do not use any fluid which
contains a petroleum base. Do not use a container which
has been used for petroleum based fluids or a containe
r
which is wet with water. Petroleum based fluid will cause
swelling and distortion of rubber parts in the hydraulic
brake system. Water mixed with brake fluid lowers the
fluid boiling point. Keep all fluid containers capped to
prevent contamination.
Always fill the master cylinder reservoir when the engine
is cold.
Never allow the brake fluid to come in contact with the
painted surfaces.
The master cylinder reservoir must be kept properly filled
to ensure adequate reserve and to prevent air and
moisture from entering the hydraulic system. However,
because of expansion due to heat absorbed from the
brakes and the engine, the reservoir must not be
overfilled. Thoroughly clean reservoir cap before removal
to avoid getting dirt into reservoir. Add fluid as required to
bring level to the “MAX” mark on the reservoir tank. Use
“DOT 3” Hydraulic Brake Fluid.
Leakage of Brake Fluid
W ith engine idling, set shift lever in the neutral position and
continue to depress brake pedal at a constant pedal
application force.
Should the pedal stroke become deeper gradually, leakage
from the hydraulic pressure system is possible.
Make sure by visual check that there is no leak.
BLEEDING OF THE BRAKE HYDRAULIC
CIRCUIT
If air enters the bake lines, it will cause poor brake action.
Therefore, bleeding should be performed if the brakes have
been used with the level of brake fluid in the reservoi
r
excessively low or if brake pipes have been disconnected in
the course of brake servicing.
The bleeding operation calls for co-operative action of 2
persons.
• Set the parking brake firmly while bleeding.
• Perform bleeding operation with ENGINE RUNNING, to
prevent damage to push rod seal.
Make sure exhaust is suitably ventilated.
• Bleed the hydraulic system with the fluid reservoir filled to
the specified level.
• Bleed the system starting with the rear wheel cylinde
r
farthest from the master cylinder.
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Page 725 of 6020

5C-26 BRAKES
A bleeding operation is necessary to remove air from the
hydraulic brake system whenever air is introduced into the
hydraulic system. It may be necessary to bleed the hydraulic
system at all four brakes if air has been introduced through a
low fluid level or by disconnecting brake pipes at the maste
r
cylinder. If a brake pipe is disconnected at one wheel, only that
wheel cylinder/caliper needs to be bled. If the pipes are
disconnected at any fitting located between the master cylinde
r
and brakes, then the brake system served by the disconnected
pipe must be bled.
1. Set the parking brake completely, then start the engine.
NOTE:
The vacuum booster will be damaged if the bleeding operation
is performed with the engine off.
2. Remove the master cylinder reservoir cap.
RTW 75CSH001701
3. Fill the master cylinder reservoir with brake fluid. Keep the
reservoir at least half full during the air bleeding operation.
4. Always use new brake fluid for replenishment.
5. In replenishing brake fluid, take care that air bubbles do not enter the brake fluid.
W hen the master cylinder is replaced or overhauled, first
bleed the air from the master cylinder, then from each
wheel cylinder and caliper following the procedures
described below.
RTW 75CSH001801
Bleeding the Master Cylinder
6. Disconnect the rear wheel brake pipe (1) from the master
cylinder.
Check the fluid level and replenish as necessary. I
f
replenished, leave the system for at least one minute.
7. Depress the brake pedal slowly once and hold it depressed.
8. Completely seal the delivery port of the master cylinder with your finger, where the pipe was disconnected, then release
the brake pedal slowly.
9. Release your finger from the delivery port when the brake pedal returns completely.
10. Repeat steps 7 through 9 until the brake fluid comes out o
f
the delivery port during step 7.
NOTE: Do not allow the fluid level in the reservoir to go belo
w
the half-way mark.
11. Reconnect the brake pipe (1) to the master cylinder and tighten the pipe.
12. Depress the brake pedal slowly once and hold it depressed.
13. Loosen the rear wheel brake pipe (1) at the master cylinder.
14. Retighten the brake pipe, then release the brake pedal slowly.
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Page 726 of 6020

BRAKES 5C-27
15. Repeat steps 12 through 14 until no air comes out of the
port when the brake pipe is loosened
NOTE: Be very careful not to allow the brake fluid to come in contact with painted surfaces.
RTW 75CSH001801
16. Bleed the air from the front wheel brake pipe connection (2)
by repeating steps 6 through 15.
Bleeding the Caliper
17. Bleed the air from each wheel in the order listed below: • Right rear wheel cylinder
• Left rear wheel cylinder
• Left front caliper
• Right front caliper
Conduct air bleeding from the wheels in the above order. I
f
no brake fluid comes out, it suggests that air is mixed in the
master cylinder. In this case, bleed air from the maste
r
cylinder in accordance with steps 6 through 16, and then
bleed air from the caliper or wheel cylinder.
RTW 35CSH000501
18. Place the proper size box end wrench over the bleeder
screw.
19. Cover the bleeder screw with a transparent tube, and submerge the free end of the transparent tube in a
transparent container containing brake fluid.
3
5042
20. Pump the brake pedal (3) slowly three times (once/sec),
then hold it depressed.
21. Loosen the bleeder screw until fluid flows through the tube.
22. Retighten the bleeder screw.
23. Release the brake pedal slowly.
24. Repeat steps 20 through 23 until the air is completel
y
removed.
It may be necessary to repeat the bleeding procedure 10 o
r
more times for front wheels and 15 or more times for rear
wheels.
25. Go to the next wheel in the sequence after each wheel is bled.
Be sure to monitor reservoir fluid level.
26. Depress the brake pedal to check if you feel “sponginess” after the air has been removed from all wheel cylinders and
calipers.
If the pedal feels “spongy” the entire bleeding procedure must be repeated.
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Page 727 of 6020

5C-28 BRAKES
27. After the bleeding operation is completed on each individual
wheel, check the level of the brake fluid in the reservoir and
replenish up to the “MAX" level as necessary.
28. Attach the reservoir cap.
29. Stop the engine.
05007-1
BRAKE LINE (HOSES AND PIPES)
• Inspect all hoses and pipes for wear, bending, chafing,
cracks, dents, or any other damage.
Make necessary correction or replace parts if these abnormal conditions are found through inspection.
• All hoses, pipes and joints can be damaged easily.
Do not allow the hose to become excessively twisted and bent when working with them, and pay special attention to
all the brake lines not to damage them when repairing o
r
replacing other parts (axle, suspension, etc).
• Inspection for leakage should be performed by depressing
the brake pedal fully.
If leakage is apparent at the circumference of joints, retighten or replace these parts.
This procedure must be performed whenever brake lines are installed.
• After disconnecting the hoses and pipes, cap or tape the
openings to prevent entry of foreign material.
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Page 728 of 6020

BRAKES 5C-29
ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE OF SERVICE AND PARKING BRAKE
Stick type
All brakes are self-adjusting.
Brakes are adjusted by repeated stepping on the brake pedal.
(After stepping on the pedal and releasing it, the rear brake
auto-adjuster, produces a clicking sound.
The same operation should be repeated until the sound
disappears.)
Take the following steps after overhauling the rear brake
assembly.
1. Move the parking brake lever to its fully released position.
311R300007
2. Parking cable must be loosened sufficiently.
(Loosen the adjust nut and the lock nut.)
3. Repeat stepping on the brake pedal firmly and releasing it until the clicking sound can no longer be heard.
If the difference between the brake drum inside diameter o
f
the brake shoes is adjusted to be 0.5 mm, the number of
times for depressing the brake pedal can be reduced.
4. Remove the drum.
Measure the brake drum inside diameter and diameter o
f
the brake shoes.
Shoe Clearance mm (in)
0.25 - 0.40 (0.0098 - 0.0157)
If incorrect, check the brake auto-adjusting system.
5. Turn the adjuster nut so that the parking brake lever travels 10 notches when pulled up with a force 30 kg (66 lbs.).
6. Make sure there is no brake drag.
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