Page 3697 of 4770

B02389
B02390
HEAT METHOD: When the problem seems to occur when the suspect area is heated. 2
NOTICE:3 WATER SPRINKLING METHOD:
(1)
(2)
4 OTHER: When a malfunction seems to occur when electrical load is excessive.When the malfunction seems to occur on a rainy day or in a
high±humidity condition. Heat the component that is the likely cause of the malfunction
with a hair dryer or similar object. Check to see if the malfunction
occurs.
Sprinkle water onto the vehicle and check to see if the malfunc-
tion occurs.
Turn on all electrical loads including the heater blower, head
lights, rear window defogger, etc. and check to see if the mal-
function occurs.ON HINT:
If a vehicle is subject to water leakage, the leaked water may
contaminate the ECU. When testing a vehicle with a water leak-
age problem, special caution must be taken.
Malfunc-
tion
Do not heat to more than 60 °C (140 °F). (Temperature
is limited not to damage the components.)
Do not apply heat directly to parts in the ECU. (1)
(2)
Never sprinkle water directly into the engine compart-
ment, but indirectly change the temperature and hu-
midity by applying water spray onto the radiator front
surface.
Never apply water directly onto the electronic compo-
nents. NOTICE: IN±26
± INTRODUCTIONHOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMS
26 Author: Date:
Page 3698 of 4770

DTC No.
Indicates the diagnostic trouble code.
Page or Instructions
Indicates the page where the inspection procedure
for each circuit is to be found, or gives instructions
for checking and repairs.
Detection Item
Indicates the system of the problem or
contents of the problem. Trouble Area
Indicates the suspect area of the
problem.
Mass Air Flow Circuit MalfunctionDetection Item
Open or short in mass air flow meter circuit
Mass air flow meter
ECM DTC No.
(See page)Trouble AreaMIL* MemoryP0100
(DI±24)
P0101
(DI±28)
P0115
(DI±33) Open or short in intake air temp. sensor
circuit
Intake air temp. sensor
ECM Intake Air Temp. Circuit
Malfunction P0110
(DI±29)
Open or short in engine coolant temp. sensor circuit
Engine coolant temp. sensor
ECM
Throttle/ Pedal Position Sensor/Switch
ºAº Circuit MalfunctionEngine Coolant Temp.
Circuit Malfunction
Open or short in throttle position sensor circuit
Throttle position sensor
ECM
DTC CHART (SAE Controlled)
HINT:
Parameters listed in the chart may not be exactly the same as your reading due to the type of instrument or other
factors.
If a malfunction code is displayed during the DTC check mode, check the circuit for that code listed in the table
below. For details of each code, turn to the page referred to under the ºSee pageº for the respective ºDTC No.º
in the DTC chart.
Mass Air Flow Circuit
Range/ Performance Problem Mass air flow meter
Throttle position sensor Throttle/ Pedal Position Sensor/ Switch
ºAº Circuit Range / Performance Prob-
lem P0116
(DI±37)Engine Coolant Temp.
Circuit Range/ Performance Problem Engine coolant temp. sensor
Cooling system
± INTRODUCTIONHOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMSIN±27
27 Author: Date:
4. DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART
The inspection procedure is shown in the table below. This table permits efficient and accurate troubleshoot-
ing using the diagnostic trouble codes displayed in the diagnostic trouble code check. Proceed with trouble-
shooting in accordance with the inspection procedure given in the diagnostic chart corresponding to the
diagnostic trouble codes displayed. The engine diagnostic trouble code chart is shown below as an example.
Page 3699 of 4770

IN±28± INTRODUCTIONHOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMS
28 Author: Date:
5. PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
The suspected circuits or parts for each problem symptom are shown in the table below. Use this table to
troubleshoot the problem when a ºNormalº code is displayed in the diagnostic trouble code check but the
problem is still occurring. Numbers in the table indicate the inspection order in which the circuits or parts
should be checked.
HINT:
When the problem is not detected by the diagnostic system even though the problem symptom is present,
it is considered that the problem is occurring outside the detection range of the diagnostic system, or that
the problem is occurring in a system other than the diagnostic system.
Symptom
Suspect AreaSee page
Engine does not crank (Does not start)
No initial combustion (Does not start)
No complete combustion (Does not start)1. Starter and starter relay
1. ECM power source circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit
3. Engine control module (ECM)
1. Starter signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit1. Fuel pump control circuitDI±147
DI±151
IN±29
PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
1. Compression
2. Fuel pump control circuit 1. A/C signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit 1. A/C signal circuit (Compressor circuit)
2. ECM power source circuit 1. Starter signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit1. Starter signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit
3. Compression
idling) High engine idle speed (Poor idling) Hot engine Cold engine (Difficult to start)Engine cranks normally (Difficult to start)
AC±88 DI±144
DI±151
EM±3 DI±151
Problem Symptom Page
Indicates the page where the flow chart for each circuit
is located.
Circuit Inspection, Inspection Order
Indicates the circuit which needs to be checked for each problem
symptom. Check in the order indicated by the numbers.
Circuit or Part Name
Indicates the circuit or part which needs to be checked.
ST±2
ST±17
DI±144
DI±151
DI±144
DI±151
Page 3700 of 4770

V08423 Knock Sensor 1
GRECM
KNK
E1 12
E6
WIRING DIAGRAM
Wiring Diagram
This shows a wiring diagram of the circuit.
Use this diagram together with ELECTRICAL
WIRING DIAGRAM to thoroughly understand the
circuit.
Wire colors are indicated by an alphabetical code.
B = Black, L = Blue, R = Red, BR = Brown,
LG = Light Green, V = Violet, G = Green,
O = Orange, W = White, GR = Gray, P = Pink,
Y = Yellow, SB = Sky Blue
The first letter indicates the basic wire color and
the second letter indicates the color of the stripe.
DTC P0325Knock Sensor 1 Circuit Malfunction
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Knock sensor is fitted to the cylinder block to detect engine knocking. This sensor contains a piezoelectric element which
generates a voltage when it becomes deformed, which occurs when the cylinder block vibrates due to knocking. If engine
knocking occurs, ignition timing is retarded to suppress it.
DTC No. DTC Detecting Condition Trouble Area
P0325No knock sensor 1 signal to ECM with engine speed,
1,200 rpm or more. Open or short in knock sensor1 circuit
Knock sensor 1 (looseness)
ECM
If the ECM detects the above diagnosis conditions, it operates the fall safe function in which the corrective retard angle
value is set to the maximum value.
Diagnostic Trouble Code No. and Detection Item
Circuit Description
The major role and operation, etc. of the circuit
and its component parts are explained.
Indicates the diagnostic trouble code, diagnostic
trouble code set parameter and suspect area of
the problem.
± INTRODUCTIONHOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMSIN±29
29 Author: Date:
6. CIRCUIT INSPECTION
How to read and use each page is shown below.
Page 3701 of 4770

V08425
LOCK
KNK
E6 Connector
(a) Remove the glove compartment (See page SF±68).
(b) Disconnect the E6 connector of ECM.
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
Replace knock sensor. 1 Check continuity between terminal KNK of ECM connector and body ground.
OK:
Check knock sensor (See page SF±61).Measure resistance between terminal KNK of ECM connector
and body ground.
Resistance: 1 MW or higher
Connector being checked is connected. Indicates the condition of the connector of ECU during the check.
PREPARATION:
CHECK:
2Go to step 3.
OK OK
NG
Indicates the position of the ignition switch during the check.
Check from the connector back side.
(with harness)
Ignition Switch LOCK (OFF)
Ignition Switch START
LOCKIgnition Switch ON
Ignition Switch ACC
STARTON
ACC
Indicates the place to check the voltage or resistance.
Indicates the connector position to checked, from the front or back side.
Connector being checked is disconnected. Check from the connector front side. (without harness)
In this case, care must be taken not to bend the terminals.
E6 Connector KNKWire Harness
E6 Connector KNK
A00255 AB0117
A00265
Inspection Procedure
Use the inspection procedure to determine if
the circuit is normal or abnormal, and, if it is
abnormal, use it to determine whether the
problem is located in the sensors, actuators,
wire harness or ECU. IN±30
± INTRODUCTIONHOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMS
30 Author: Date:
Page 3702 of 4770

FI0048
FI0047
FI0046
IN05X±05
± INTRODUCTIONHOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMSIN±31
31 Author: Date:
HOW TO USE THE DIAGNOSTIC
CHART AND INSPECTION
PROCEDURE
1. CONNECTOR CONNECTION AND TERMINAL IN-
SPECTION
For troubleshooting, diagnostic trouble code charts or
problem symptom table are provided for each circuit with
detailed inspection procedures on the following pages.
When all the component parts, wire harnesses and con-
nectors of each circuit except the ECU are found to be
normal in troubleshooting, then it is determined that the
problem is in the ECU. Accordingly, if diagnosis is per-
formed without the problem symptoms occurring, refer to
Step 8 to replace the ECU. So always confirm that the
problem symptoms are occurring, or proceed with inspec-
tion while using the symptom simulation method.
The instructions ºCheck wire harness and connectorº and
ºCheck and replace ECUº which appear in the inspection
procedure, are common and applicable to all diagnostic
trouble codes. Follow the procedure outlined below
whenever these instructions appear.
OPEN CIRCUIT:
This could be due to a disconnected wire harness, faulty con-
tact in the connector, and a connector terminal pulled out, etc.
HINT:
It is rarely the case that a wire is broken in the middle of
it. Most cases occur at the connector. In particular, care-
fully check the connectors of sensors and actuators
Faulty contact could be due to rusting of the connector
terminals, to foreign materials entering terminals or a de-
formation of connector terminals. Simply disconnecting
and reconnecting the connectors once changes the
condition of the connection and may result in a return to
normal operation. Therefore, in troubleshooting, if no ab-
normality is found in the wire harness and connector
check, but the problem disappears after the check, then
the cause is considered to be in the wire harness or con-
nectors.
SHORT CIRCUIT:
This could be due to a contact between wire harness and the
body ground or to a short circuit occurred inside the switch, etc.
HINT:
When there is a short circuit between the wire harness and body
ground, check thoroughly whether the wire harness is caught
in the body or is clamped properly.
Page 3703 of 4770

FI7187
IN0379
Sensor Side
ECU Side
IN0378
Sensor SideECU Side
IN0380
Sensor SideECU Side
IN0381
Pull Lightly
Looseness of Crimping
IN±32± INTRODUCTIONHOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMS
32 Author: Date:
2. CONNECTOR HANDLING
When inserting tester probes into a connector, insert them from
the rear of the connector. When necessary, use mini test leads.
For water resistant connectors which cannot be accessed from
behind, take good care not to deform the connector terminals.
3. CONTINUITY CHECK (OPEN CIRCUIT CHECK)
(a) Disconnect the connectors at both ECU and sensor
sides.
(b) Measure the resistance between the applicable terminals
of the connectors.
Resistance: 1 W or less
HINT:
Measure the resistance while lightly shaking the wire harness
vertically and horizontally.
4. RESISTANCE CHECK (SHORT CIRCUIT CHECK)
(a) Disconnect the connectors on both ends.
(b) Measure the resistance between the applicable terminals
of the connectors and body ground. Be sure to carry out
this check on the connectors on both ends.
Resistance: 1 MW or higher
HINT:
Measure the resistance while lightly shaking the wire harness
vertically and horizontally.
5. VISUAL CHECK AND CONTACT PRESSURE CHECK
(a) Disconnect the connectors at both ends.
(b) Check for rust or foreign material, etc. in the terminals of
the connectors.
(c) Check crimped portions for looseness or damage and
check that the terminals are secured in lock portion.
HINT:
The terminals should not come out when pulled lightly from the
back.
Page 3704 of 4770

Z17004
Fig. 1
OPENECU
2 Sensor
22 21 111A B C
Z17005
Fig. 2
ECU
Sensor
21A
B C
1
1
22
B04722
Fig. 3
ECU
Sensor
21A B1 C
1
1
221
2 B2
± INTRODUCTIONHOW TO TROUBLESHOOT ECU CONTROLLED
SYSTEMSIN±33
33 Author: Date:
(d) Prepare a test male terminal and insert it in the female ter-
minal, then pull it out.
NOTICE:
When testing a gold±plated female terminal, always use a
gold±plated male terminal.
HINT:
When the test terminal is pulled out more easily than others,
there may be poor contact in that section.
6. CHECK OPEN CIRCUIT
For the open circuit in the wire harness in Fig. 1, perform º(a)
Continuity Checkº or º(b) Voltage Checkº to locate the section.
(a) Check the continuity.
(1) Disconnect connectors ºAº and ºCº and measure
the resistance between them.
In the case of Fig. 2,
Between terminal 1 of connector ºAº and terminal 1
of connector ºCº " No continuity (open)
Between terminal 2 of connector ºAº and terminal 2
of connector ºCº " Continuity
Therefore, it is found out that there is an open circuit
between terminal 1 of connector ºAº and terminal 1
of connector ºCº.
(2) Disconnect connector ºBº and measure the resis-
tance between them.
In the case of Fig. 3,
Between terminal 1 of connector ºAº and terminal 1
of connector ºB1º " Continuity
Between terminal 1 of connector ºB2º and terminal
1 of connector ºCº " No continuity (open)
Therefore, it is found out that there is an open circuit
between terminal 1 of connector ºB2º and terminal
1 of connector ºCº.