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Inspection
Piston Pin Diameter
Standard (New): 21.961 21.965 mm (0.8646 0.8648 in.)
Service Limit: 21.953 mm (0.8643 in.)
7-19
4. Heat the piston and connecting rod assembly to about 70 °C (158 °F), then remove the piston pin. NOTE: Inspect the piston, the piston pin, and the
connecting rod when they are at room temperature.
1. Measure the diameter of the piston pin.
2. Zero the dial indicator to the piston pin diameter.
(cont’d)
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Piston Pin-to-Piston Clearance
Standard (New): 0.005 to 0.002 mm
( 0.00020 to 0.00008 in.)
Service Limit: 0.005 mm (0.0002 in.)
Piston Pin-to-Connecting Rod Clearance
Standard (New): 0.005 0.015 mm (0.0002 0.0006 in.)
Service Limit: 0.02 mm (0.0008 in.)
Reassembly
7-20 Engine Block
Piston, Pin, and Connecting Rod Replacement (cont’d)
A
3. Check the difference between the piston pin
diameter and the piston pin hole diameter in the
piston.
4. Measure the piston pin-to-connecting rod clearance. 1. Install a piston pin snap ring (A) only on one side.
2. Coat the piston pin bore in the piston, the bore in
the connecting rod, and the piston pin with new
engine oil.
3. Heat the piston to about 70 °C (158 °F).
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7-217-21
Piston Ring Replacement
D C
F
E
B
A B
A
4. Assemble the piston (A) and the connecting rod (B)with the arrow (C) and the embossed mark (D) on
the same side. Install the piston pin (E).
5. Install the remaining snap ring (F).
6. Turn the snap rings in the ring grooves until the end gaps are positioned at the bottom of the piston. 1. Remove the piston from the engine block (see page
7-13).
2. Using a ring expander (A), remove the old piston rings (B).
3. Clean all ring grooves thoroughly with a squared- off broken ring or ring groove cleaner with a blade
to fit the piston grooves.
The top and 2nd ring grooves are 1.2 mm (0.05 in.)
wide. The oil ring groove is 2.0 mm (0.08 in.) wide.
File down a blade if necessary.
Donotuseawirebrushtocleantheringgrooves,
or cut the ring grooves deeper with the cleaning
tools.
NOTE: If the piston is to be separated from the
connecting rod, do not install new rings yet.
(cont’d)
This illustration shows K20Z2 engine.
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7-217-21
Piston Ring Replacement
D C
F
E
B
A B
A
4. Assemble the piston (A) and the connecting rod (B)with the arrow (C) and the embossed mark (D) on
the same side. Install the piston pin (E).
5. Install the remaining snap ring (F).
6. Turn the snap rings in the ring grooves until the end gaps are positioned at the bottom of the piston. 1. Remove the piston from the engine block (see page
7-13).
2. Using a ring expander (A), remove the old piston rings (B).
3. Clean all ring grooves thoroughly with a squared- off broken ring or ring groove cleaner with a blade
to fit the piston grooves.
The top and 2nd ring grooves are 1.2 mm (0.05 in.)
wide. The oil ring groove is 2.0 mm (0.08 in.) wide.
File down a blade if necessary.
Donotuseawirebrushtocleantheringgrooves,
or cut the ring grooves deeper with the cleaning
tools.
NOTE: If the piston is to be separated from the
connecting rod, do not install new rings yet.
(cont’d)
This illustration shows K20Z2 engine.
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Piston Ring End-Gap
Top Ring:
Standard (New): 0.20 0.35 mm
(0.008 0.014 in.)
Service Limit: 0.60 mm (0.024 in.)
Second Ring:
K20Z2 engine:
Standard (New): 0.40 0.55 mm (0.016 0.022 in.)
Service Limit: 0.70 mm (0.028 in.)
K20Z3 engine:
Standard (New): 0.50 0.65 mm (0.020 0.026 in.)
Service Limit: 0.75 mm (0.030 in.)
Oil Ring:
Standard (New): 0.20 0.70 mm (0.008 0.028 in.)
Service Limit: 0.80 mm (0.031 in.)
7-22 Engine Block
Piston Ring Replacement (cont’d)
A
B 15 20 mm (0.6 0.8 in.) A
B
K20Z2 engine:
A
B
K20Z3 engine:
BTop Ring (Standard):
A: 3.1 mm (0.12 in.)
B: 1.2 mm (0.05 in.)
Second Ring (Standard):
A: 3.4 mm (0.13 in.)
B: 1.2 mm (0.05 in.)
Piston Ring Dimensions
A A
BC
C
4. Using a piston that has its rings removed, push a
new ring (A) into the cylinder bore 15 20 mm
(0.6 0.8 in.) from the bottom.
5. Measure the piston ring end-gap (B) with a feeler gauge:
If the gap is too small, check to see if you have the proper rings for your engine.
If the gap is too large, recheck the cylinder bore diameter against the wear limits (see page 7-16).
If the bore is beyond the service limit, the engine
block must be rebored. 6. Install the top ring and the second ring as shown.
The top ring (A) has a 1R mark, and the second ring
(B) has a 2R mark. The manufacturing marks (C)
must be facing upward.
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Top Ring Clearance
K20Z2 engine:
Standard (New): 0.035 0.060 mm
(0.0014 0.0024 in.)
Service Limit: 0.13 mm (0.005 in.)
K20Z3 engine:
Standard (New): 0.045 0.070 mm (0.0018 0.0028 in.)
Service Limit: 0.13 mm (0.005 in.)
Second Ring Clearance
K20Z2 engine:
Standard (New): 0.030 0.055 mm (0.0012 0.0022 in.)
Service Limit: 0.13 mm (0.005 in.)
K20Z3 engine:
Standard (New): 0.040 0.065 mm (0.0016 0.0026 in.)
Service Limit: 0.13 mm (0.005 in.)
If the Crankshaft is Already Installed
7-237-23
Piston Installation
OIL RING GAP About 90 °
SECOND RING GAP
PISTON PIN OIL RING GAPAbout 45 °
TOP RING GAP and
SPACER RING GAP A
A
B
7. After installing a new set of rings, measure the
ring-to-groove clearances:
8. Rotate the rings in their grooves to make sure they do not bind.
9. Position the ring end gaps as shown: 1. Set the crankshaft to bottom dead center (BDC) for
each cylinder as its piston is installed.
2. Remove the connecting rod caps, then install the ring compressor. Check that the bearing is securely
in place.
3. Apply new engine oil to the piston, inside of the ring compressor, and the cylinder bore, then attach
the ring compressor to the piston/connecting rod
assembly.
4. Position the mark (A) to face the cam chain side of the engine block.
5. Position the piston/connecting rod assembly in the cylinder, and tap it in using the wooden handle of a
hammer (A).
Push down on the ring compressor (B) to prevent
the rings from expanding before entering the
cylinder bore.
6. Stop after the ring compressor pops free, and check the connecting rod-to-rod journal alignment
before pushing the piston into place.
(cont’d)
This illustration shows K20Z2 engine.
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Top Ring Clearance
K20Z2 engine:
Standard (New): 0.035 0.060 mm
(0.0014 0.0024 in.)
Service Limit: 0.13 mm (0.005 in.)
K20Z3 engine:
Standard (New): 0.045 0.070 mm (0.0018 0.0028 in.)
Service Limit: 0.13 mm (0.005 in.)
Second Ring Clearance
K20Z2 engine:
Standard (New): 0.030 0.055 mm (0.0012 0.0022 in.)
Service Limit: 0.13 mm (0.005 in.)
K20Z3 engine:
Standard (New): 0.040 0.065 mm (0.0016 0.0026 in.)
Service Limit: 0.13 mm (0.005 in.)
If the Crankshaft is Already Installed
7-237-23
Piston Installation
OIL RING GAP About 90 °
SECOND RING GAP
PISTON PIN OIL RING GAPAbout 45 °
TOP RING GAP and
SPACER RING GAP A
A
B
7. After installing a new set of rings, measure the
ring-to-groove clearances:
8. Rotate the rings in their grooves to make sure they do not bind.
9. Position the ring end gaps as shown: 1. Set the crankshaft to bottom dead center (BDC) for
each cylinder as its piston is installed.
2. Remove the connecting rod caps, then install the ring compressor. Check that the bearing is securely
in place.
3. Apply new engine oil to the piston, inside of the ring compressor, and the cylinder bore, then attach
the ring compressor to the piston/connecting rod
assembly.
4. Position the mark (A) to face the cam chain side of the engine block.
5. Position the piston/connecting rod assembly in the cylinder, and tap it in using the wooden handle of a
hammer (A).
Push down on the ring compressor (B) to prevent
the rings from expanding before entering the
cylinder bore.
6. Stop after the ring compressor pops free, and check the connecting rod-to-rod journal alignment
before pushing the piston into place.
(cont’d)
This illustration shows K20Z2 engine.
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If the Crankshaft is Not Installed
7-24Engine Block
Piston Installation (cont’d)
90 °
A
A
B
7. Check the connecting rod bearing clearance with
plastigage (see page 7-8).
8. Inspect the connecting rod bolts (see page 7-25).
9. Install the rod caps with bearings. Tighten the bolts to 20 N·m (2.0 kgf·m, 14 lbf·ft) (K20Z2 engine) or
29 N·m (3.0 kgf·m, 22 lbf·ft) (K20Z3 engine).
NOTE: Apply new engine oil to the bolt threads and
flanges.
10. Tighten the connecting rod bolts an additional 90 °.
NOTE: Remove the connecting rod bolt if you
tightened it beyond the specified angle, and go
back to step 8 of the procedure. Do not loosen it
back to the specified angle. 1. Remove the connecting rod caps, then install the
ring compressor, and check that the bearing is
securely in place.
2. Apply new engine oil to the piston, inside of the ring compressor, and the cylinder bore, then attach
the ring compressor to the piston/connecting rod
assembly.
3. Position the mark (A) to face the cam chain side of the engine block.
4. Position the piston/connecting rod assembly in the cylinder, and tap it in using the wooden handle of a
hammer (A).
Push down on the ring compressor (B) to prevent
the rings from expanding before entering the
cylinder bore.
5. Position all pistons at top dead center (TDC).
This illustration shows K20Z2 engine.
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