Page 1001 of 3051

Positive Crankcase Ventilation
DESCRIPTIONNLEC1349
SEF833X
This system returns blow-by gas to the intake collector.
The positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) valve is provided to conduct crankcase blow-by gas to the intake
manifold.
During partial throttle operation of the engine, the intake manifold sucks the blow-by gas through the PCV
valve.
Normally, the capacity of the valve is sufficient to handle any blow-by and a small amount of ventilating air.
The ventilating air is then drawn from the air duct into the crankcase. In this process the air passes through
the hose connecting air inlet tubes to rocker cover.
Under full-throttle condition, the manifold vacuum is insufficient to draw the blow-by flow through the valve.
The flow goes through the hose connection in the reverse direction.
On vehicles with an excessively high blow-by, the valve does not meet the requirement. This is because some
of the flow will go through the hose connection to the intake collector under all conditions.
SEC137A
INSPECTIONNLEC1350PCV (Positive Crankcase Ventilation) ValveNLEC1350S01With engine running at idle, remove PCV valve from rocker cover.
A properly working valve makes a hissing noise as air passes
through it. A strong vacuum should be felt immediately when a fin-
ger is placed over the valve inlet.
ET277
Ventilation HoseNLEC1350S021. Check hoses and hose connections for leaks.
2. Disconnect all hoses and clean with compressed air. If any
hose cannot be freed of obstructions, replace.
ENGINE AND EMISSION BASIC CONTROL SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
SR20DE
Positive Crankcase Ventilation
EC-576
Page 1002 of 3051

SEF094Y
SEF214Y
Fuel Pressure ReleaseNLEC1351Before disconnecting fuel line, release fuel pressure from fuel
line to eliminate danger.
WITH CONSULT-IINLEC1351S011. Start engine.
2. Perform ªFUEL PRESSURE RELEASEº in ªWORK SUP-
PORTº mode with CONSULT-II.
3. After engine stalls, crank it two or three times to release all fuel
pressure.
4. Turn ignition switch OFF.
JEF086Y
WITHOUT CONSULT-IINLEC1351S021. Remove fuse for fuel pump. Refer to fuse block cover for fuse
location.
2. Start engine.
3. After engine stalls, crank it two or three times to release all fuel
pressure.
4. Turn ignition switch OFF and reconnect fuel pump fuse.
SEF775Z
Fuel Pressure CheckNLEC1352+When reconnecting fuel line, always use new clamps.
+Make sure that clamp screw does not contact adjacent
parts.
+Use a torque driver to tighten clamps.
+Use Pressure Gauge to check fuel pressure.
+Do not perform fuel pressure check with system operat-
ing. Fuel pressure gauge may indicate false readings.
1. Release fuel pressure to zero.
2. Disconnect fuel hose from fuel feed tube (engine side).
3. Install pressure gauge between fuel hose and fuel feed tube.
4. Start engine and check for fuel leakage.
5. Read the indication of fuel pressure gauge.
At idle speed:
With vacuum hose connected
Approximately 235 kPa (2.35 bar, 2.4 kg/cm
2,34
psi)
With vacuum hose disconnected
Approximately 294 kPa (2.94 bar, 3.0 kg/cm
2,43
psi)
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURESR20DE
Fuel Pressure Release
EC-577
Page 1003 of 3051
If results are unsatisfactory, perform Fuel Pressure Regulator
Check, EC-578.
SEF718B
Fuel Pressure Regulator CheckNLEC13531. Stop engine and disconnect fuel pressure regulator vacuum
hose from intake manifold collector.
2. Plug intake manifold collector with a rubber cap.
3. Connect variable vacuum source to fuel pressure regulator.
4. Start engine and read indication of fuel pressure gauge as
vacuum is changed.
Fuel pressure should decrease as vacuum increases. If results
are unsatisfactory, replace fuel pressure regulator.
Injector
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATIONNLEC1746
SEF324Z
1. Release fuel pressure to zero.
2. Remove accelerator wire bracket.
3. Remove EVAP canister purge volume control solenoid valve
and the bracket.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURESR20DE
Fuel Pressure Regulator Check
EC-578
Page 1004 of 3051

4. Remove ventilation hose.
5. Disconnect injector harness connectors.
6. Disconnect fuel pressure regulator vacuum hose from intake
manifold collector.
7. Disconnect fuel hoses from fuel tube assembly.
8. Remove injectors with fuel tube assembly.
SEF703X
9. Expand and remove clips securing fuel injectors.
10. Extract fuel injectors straight from fuel tubes.
+Be careful not to damage injector nozzles during removal.
+Do not bump or drop fuel injectors.
11. Carefully install O-rings, including the one used with the pres-
sure regulator.
+Lubricate O-rings with a smear of engine oil.
+Be careful not to damage O-rings with service tools or
finger nails or clips. Do not expand or twist O-rings.
+Discard old clips; replace with new ones.
12. Position clips in grooves on fuel injectors.
+Make sure that protrusions of fuel injectors are aligned
with cutouts of clips after installation.
13. Align protrusions of fuel tubes with those of fuel injectors.
14. After properly inserting fuel injectors, check to make sure that
fuel tube protrusions are engaged with those of fuel injectors,
and that flanges of fuel tubes are engaged with clips.
SEF828X
15. Tighten fuel tube assembly mounting nuts in two stages.
: Tightening torque N´m (kg-m, ft-lb)
1st stage:
9.4 - 10.7 (0.95 - 1.1, 6.9 - 7.9)
2nd stage:
21 - 26 (2.1 - 2.7, 16 - 19)
16. Install all removed parts in the reverse order of removal.
CAUTION:
After properly connecting fuel tube assembly to injector and
fuel hose, check connection for fuel leakage.
SEF910X
THROTTLE OPENER (WHERE FITTED)NLEC1747InspectionNLEC1747S011. Start engine and let it idle.
2. Confirm the amount of the rod moves ªLº more than 3.0 mm
(0.118 in), the throttle drum becomes free from the rod of the
throttle opener.
If NG, go to next step.
If OK, inspection is complete.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURESR20DE
Injector (Cont'd)
EC-579
Page 1005 of 3051

SEF109L
SEF368U
3. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº.
4. Check vacuum source to throttle opener.
a. Check vacuum hose for disconnection or improper connection.
b. Remove vacuum hose connected to throttle opener.
c. Attach a vacuum gauge to vacuum hose, which is discon-
nected.
d. Start engine and let it idle.
e. Make sure that the vacuum is more than þ40.0 kPa (þ400
mbar, þ300 mmHg, þ11.81 inHg).
f. Remove the vacuum gauge.
If NG, go to next step.
If OK, go to step 7.
5. Check vacuum hose for clogging and cracks.
If NG, replace or clean vacuum hose.
If OK, go to next step.
6. Blow air into the throttle chamber and make sure air flows
freely.
If NG, replace or clean throttle chamber.
If OK, go to next step.
SEF793W
7. Check throttle opener.
a. Connect suitable vacuum hose to vacuum pump as shown at
left.
b. Apply vacuum [more than þ40.0 kPa (þ400 mbar, þ300 mmHg,
þ11.81 inHg)] until the throttle drum becomes free from the rod
of the throttle opener.
c. Confirm the amount of the rod moves more than 3.0 mm (0.118
in), and also the throttle drum becomes free from the rod of the
throttle opener.
If NG, go to next step.
8. Check visually for cracking and/or distortion of throttle opener
and rod.
If NG, replace throttle opener.
If OK, install the vacuum hose and repeat from step 1 to 2.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURESR20DE
Injector (Cont'd)
EC-580
Page 1006 of 3051

SEF217Z
SEF454Y
SEF455Y
Idle Air Volume LearningNLEC1358DESCRIPTIONNLEC1358S01ªIdle Air Volume Learningº is an operation to learn the idle air vol-
ume that keeps each engine within the specific range. It must be
performed under any of the following conditions:
+Each time IACV-AAC valve, throttle body or ECM is replaced.
+Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PRE-CONDITIONINGNLEC1358S02Before performing ªIdle Air Volume Learningº, make sure that all of
the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are
missed for even a moment.
+Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)
+Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 95ÉC (158 - 203ÉF)
+PNP switch: ON
+Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting
switch to the 1st position to light only small lamps.
+Cooling fan motor: Not operating
+Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)
+Vehicle speed: Stopped
+Transmission: Warmed-up
For models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until ªFLUID TEMP
SEº in ªDATA MONITORº mode of ªCVTº indicates less than
0.9V.
For models without CONSULT-II, drive vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURENLEC1358S03With CONSULT-IINLEC1358S03011. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
2. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 10 seconds.
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic ªPRE-CONDITION-
INGº (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 10 seconds.
6. Start the engine and let it idle for at least 15 seconds.
7. Select ªIDLE AIR VOL LEARNº in ªWORK SUPPORTº mode.
8. Touch ªSTARTº and wait 15 seconds.
9. Make sure that ªCMPLTº is displayed on CONSULT-II screen.
If ªINCMPº is displayed, ªIdle Air Volume Learningº will not be
carried out successfully. In this case, find the cause of the
problem by referring to the NOTE below.
10. Rev up the engine two or three times. Make sure that idle
speed and ignition timing are within specifications.
ITEM SPECIFICATION
Idle speed 750±50 rpm (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Ignition timing 15±2É BTDC (in ªPº or ªNº position)
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURESR20DE
Injector (Cont'd)
EC-581
Page 1007 of 3051

SEF770Z
Without CONSULT-IINLEC1358S03021. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
2. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 10 seconds.
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic ªPRE-CONDITION-
INGº (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 10 seconds.
6. Start the engine and let it idle for at least 15 seconds.
7. Disconnect throttle position sensor harness connector (brown),
then reconnect it within 5 seconds.
8. Wait 15 seconds.
9. Make sure that idle speed is within specifications. If not, the
result will be incomplete. In this case, find the cause of the
problem by referring to the NOTE below.
10. Rev up the engine two or three times. Make sure that idle
speed and ignition timing are within specifications.
ITEM SPECIFICATION
Idle speed 750±50 rpm (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Ignition timing 15±2É BTDC (in ªPº or ªNº position)
NOTE:
If idle air volume learning cannot be performed successfully,
proceed as follows:
1)Check that throttle valve is fully closed.
2)Check that downstream of throttle valve is free from air
leakage.
3)Adjust closed throttle position switch and reset memory.
(Refer to Basic Inspection, EC-623.)
4)When the above three items check out OK, engine com-
ponent parts and their installation condition are question-
able. Check and eliminate the cause of the problem.
5)If any of the following conditions occur after the engine
has started, eliminate the cause of the problem and per-
form ªIdle air volume learningº all over again:
+Engine stalls.
+Erroneous idle.
+Blown fuses related to the IACV-AAC valve system.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURESR20DE
Idle Air Volume Learning (Cont'd)
EC-582
Page 1008 of 3051

IntroductionNLEC1359MODELS WITH EURO-OBD SYSTEMNLEC1359S01The ECM has an on board diagnostic system which detects malfunctions related to engine sensors or actua-
tors. The ECM also records various emission-related diagnostic information including:
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Mode 3 of ISO 15031-5
Freeze Frame data Mode 2 of ISO 15031-5
System Readiness Test (SRT) code Mode 1 of ISO 15031-5
1st Trip Diagnostic Trouble Code (1st Trip DTC) Mode 7 of ISO 15031-5
1st Trip Freeze Frame data
Test values and Test limits Mode 6 of ISO 15031-5
Calibration ID Mode 9 of ISO 15031-5
The above information can be checked using procedures listed in the table below.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
DTC 1st trip DTCFreeze Frame
data1st trip Freeze
Frame dataSRT code Test value
ECM*3 X X*1ÐÐÐÐ
CONSULT-IIXXXXXÐ
GST X X*2 X Ð X X
*1: When DTC and 1st trip DTC simultaneously appear on the display, they cannot be clearly distinguished from each other.
*2: 1st trip DTCs for self-diagnoses concerning SRT items cannot be shown on the GST display.
*3: In diagnostic test mode II (Self-diagnostic results), DTC is displayed on MI. DTC uses a set of four digit numbers.
The malfunction indicator (MI) on the instrument panel lights up when the same malfunction is detected in two
consecutive trips (Two trip detection logic), or when the ECM enters fail-safe mode. (Refer to EC-647.)
MODELS WITHOUT EURO-OBD SYSTEMNLEC1359S02The ECM has an on board diagnostic system, which detects malfunctions related to engine sensors or actua-
tors. The ECM also records various emission-related diagnostic information including:
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
Freeze Frame data
1st Trip Diagnostic Trouble Code (1st Trip DTC)
1st Trip Freeze Frame data
The above information can be checked using procedures listed in the table below.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
DTC 1st trip DTC Freeze Frame data1st trip Freeze Frame
data
CONSULT-II X X X X
ECM*1 X X*2 Ð Ð
*1: In diagnostic test mode II (Self-diagnostic results), (1st trip) DTC is displayed on the MI by a set of four digit numbers.
*2: When the DTC and the 1st trip DTC appear on the display simultaneously, it is difficult to clearly distinguish one from the other.
Two Trip Detection LogicNLEC1360MODELS WITH EURO-OBD SYSTEMNLEC1360S01When a malfunction is detected for the first time, 1st trip DTC and 1st trip Freeze Frame data are stored in
the ECM memory. The MI will not light up at this stage <1st trip>.
If the same malfunction is detected again during the next drive, the DTC and Freeze Frame data are stored
in the ECM memory, and the MI lights up. The MI lights up at the same time when the DTC is stored <2nd
trip>.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONSR20DE
Introduction
EC-583