Page 857 of 2453
FS-9
Wheel Alignment
FRONT SUSPENSION
4) Tighten two new self–locking nuts.
Tightening torque:
175 N·m (17.9 kgf-m, 129 ft-lb)
3. CASTER
•INSPECTION
1) Place the front wheel on the turning radius
gauge. Make sure the ground contact surfaces of
front and rear wheels are at the same height.
2) Set the adapter at the center of wheel, and then
attach the wheel alignment gauge.
3) Measure the caster angle in accordance with the
operation manual for wheel alignment gauge.
To i n c r e a s e c a m b e r :
Rotate the left side counterclockwise. Rotate the right side clockwise.
To d e c r e a s e c a m b e r :
Rotate the left side clockwise. Rotate the right side counterclockwise.
FS-00197FS-00198
FS-00198FS-00197
(1) Alignment gauge
(2) Turning radius gauge
(3) Adapter
FS-00213
(1)
(2)
(3)
Caster
4°04′(Reference)
Page 858 of 2453

FS-10
Wheel Alignment
FRONT SUSPENSION
4. STEERING ANGLE
•INSPECTION
•ADJUSTMENT
1) Turn the tie-rod to adjust the steering angle of
both inner and outer wheels.
2) Check the toe–in.
NOTE:
Correct the boot if it is twisted.
5. FRONT WHEEL TOE–IN
•INSPECTION
Toe-in:
0±3 mm (0±0.12 in)
1) Set the toe-in gauge in the position at wheel axis
center height behind the right and left front tires.
2) Place a mark at the center of both left and right
tires, and measure distance “A” between the
marks.
3) Move the vehicle forward to rotate the tires 180°.
NOTE:
Be sure to rotate the tires in the forward direction.
4) Measure distance “B” between the left and right
marks. Find toe–in using the following equation:
A – B = Toe–in
•ADJUSTMENT
When adjusting the toe-in, adjust it to the following
value.
Toe-in:
0±2 mm (0±0.08 in)
1) Check that the left and right wheel steering an-
gles are within specification.
2) Loosen the left and right side steering tie–rod
lock nuts.
3) Turn the left and right tie–rods by equal amounts
until the toe–in is at the specification.
Both the left and right tie–rods are right–hand
threaded. To increase toe–in, turn both tie–rods
clockwise by equal amount (viewing from the inside
of vehicle).
4) Tighten the tie–rod lock nut.
Tightening torque:
85 N·m (8.7 kgf-m, 62.7 ft-lb)
NOTE:
Check and correct the tie rod boot if twisted.
6. REAR WHEEL TOE–IN
•INSPECTION
Toe-in:
2±2 mm (0.08±0.08 in)
Refer to FRONT WHEEL TOE–IN for rear toe–in
inspection procedures.
SPECTION, Wheel Alignment.>
Inner wheel Outer wheel
37.0°±1.5° 32.0°±1.5°
(1) Lock nut
FS-00014
(1)
FS-00015
AB
(1) Lock nut
FS-00014
(1)
Page 859 of 2453
FS-11
Wheel Alignment
FRONT SUSPENSION
•ADJUSTMENT
When adjusting, adjust it to the following value.
Toe-in:
2±1.5 mm (0.08±0.06 in)
1) Loosen the self-locking nut on the inner side of the front lateral link.
NOTE:
When loosening or tightening the adjusting bolt, hold the bolt head and turn the self–locking nut.
2) Turn the adjusting bolt until toe–in is within the specification.
NOTE:
When the left and right wheels are adjusted for toe–in at the same time, moving one mark on the scale chang-
es toe–in by approx. 3 mm (0.12 in).
3) Attach and tighten a new self–locking nut.
Tightening torque:
120 N·m (12.2 kgf-m, 88.5 ft-lb)
(1) Adjusting bolt
(2) Front lateral link
FS-00199
(1)
(2)
To i n c r e a s e t o e – i n :
Rotate the left side clockwise. Rotate the right side counterclockwise.
To d e c r e a s e t o e – i n :
Rotate the left side counterclockwise. Rotate the right side clockwise.
FS-00018FS-00019
FS-00019FS-00018
Page 860 of 2453

FS-12
Wheel Alignment
FRONT SUSPENSION
7. THRUST ANGLE
•INSPECTION
1) Park the vehicle on a level surface.
2) Move the vehicle 3 to 4 meters (10 to 13 feet)
straight forward.
3) Draw the center of loci for both the front and rear
axles.
4) Measure distance “L” between the center lines of
the axle loci.
Thrust angle:
0°±30′
Less than 30′ when “L” is 24 mm (0.9 in) or
less.
•ADJUSTMENT
When adjusting, adjust it to the following value.
Thrust angle:
0°±20′
Less than 20′ when “L” is 16 mm (0.6 in) or
less.
1) Make thrust angle adjustments by turning the
toe–in adjusting bolts of the rear suspension equal-
ly in the same direction.
2) When one rear wheel is adjusted in a toe-in di-
rection, adjust the other rear wheel equally in toe-
out direction, in order to make the thrust angle ad-
justment.
3) When the left and right adjusting bolts are turned
by one graduation, the thrust angle will change ap-
prox. 19′ (“L” is approx. 16 mm (0.63 in)).
NOTE:
Thrust angle is a mean value of left and right wheel
toe angles in relation to the vehicle body center
line. Vehicle is driven straight in the thrust angle di-
rection while slanting in the oblique direction de-
pending on the degree of the mean thrust angle.
Thrust angle: r = (α – β)/2
α: Rear RH wheel toe–in angle
β: Rear LH wheel toe–in angle
Substitute only the positive toe–in values from each
wheel into α and β in the equation.
(1) Center line of loci (front axle)
(2) Center line of loci (rear axle)
(1)
(2)
L
FS-00022
(1) Front
(2) Thrust angle
(3) Body center line
(1) Front
(2) Body center line
FS-00024
(2)
(3)
(1)
FS-00976
(1)(2)
Page 861 of 2453
FS-13
Front Crossmember Support Plate
FRONT SUSPENSION
3. Front Crossmember Support
Plate
A: REMOVAL
1) Lift-up the vehicle.
2) Remove the front under cover.
REMOVAL, Front Under Cover.>
3) Remove the bolt and remove front crossmember
support plate.
B: INSTALLATION
Install in the reverse order of removal.
Tightening torque:
Crossmember support plate:
60 N·m (6.1 kgf-m, 44.3 ft-lb)
Jack-up plate:
60 N·m (6.1 kgf-m, 44.3 ft-lb)
(1) Crossmember support plate
(2) Jack–up plate
(2)(1)
(1)
FS-00200
Page 862 of 2453
FS-14
Front Stabilizer
FRONT SUSPENSION
4. Front Stabilizer
A: REMOVAL
1) Lift-up the vehicle, and then remove the front
wheels.
2) Remove the front under cover.
REMOVAL, Front Under Cover.>
3) Remove the front crossmember support plate.
Support Plate.>
4) Remove the stabilizer link.
5) Remove the stabilizer link.
B: INSTALLATION
Install in the reverse order of removal.
NOTE:
•Use a new flange nut (with WAX).
•Install so that the paint mark on the stabilizer is
on the left side of the vehicle.
•Install the stabilizer bushing (front crossmember
side) while aligning it with the paint mark on stabi-
lizer.
Tightening torque:
Stabilizer link:
60 N·m (6.1 kgf-m, 44.3 ft-lb)
Stabilizer clamp
25 N·m (2.5 kgf-m, 18.1 ft-lb)
C: INSPECTION
1) Check the bushing for cracks, fatigue or dam-
age.
2) Check the stabilizer link for damage.
FS-00214
FS-00202
Page 863 of 2453

FS-15
Front Ball Joint
FRONT SUSPENSION
5. Front Ball Joint
A: REMOVAL
1) Lift-up the vehicle, and remove the front wheels.
2) Remove the both sides of stabilizer bracket.
3) Pull out the pin from ball stud, remove the castle
nut, and extract the ball stud from front arm.
4) Remove the bolt installing ball joint to housing.
5) Extract the ball joint from housing.
B: INSTALLATION
1) Insert the ball joint into housing.
Tightening torque (Bolt):
50 N·m (5.1 kgf-m, 36.9 ft-lb)
CAUTION:
Do not apply grease to the tapered portion of
ball stud.
2) Install the ball joint into front arm.
Tightening torque (castle nut):
Front arm
45 N·m (4.6 kgf-m, 33.2 ft-lb)
3) Retighten the castle nut further up to 60° until the
hole in the ball stud is aligned with a slot in castle
nut. Then, insert a new cotter pin and bend it
around the castle nut.
4) Install the stabilizer bracket.
Tightening torque:
25 N·m (2.5 kgf-m, 18.1 ft-lb)
5) Install the front wheels.
C: INSPECTION
1) Measure the play of the ball joint using the fol-
lowing procedures. Replace with a new part if the
play exceeds specification.
(1) With 980 N (100 kgf, 220 lb) loaded in direc-
tion shown in the figure, measure the length
21.
(2) With 980 N (100 kgf, 220lb) loaded in direc-
tion shown in the figure, measure the length
22.
(3) Determine free play using the following for-
mula.
S = 22 – 21(4) Replace with a new part if the play exceeds
specification.
FRONT BALL JOINT
Specification for replacement S:
Less than 0.3 mm (0.012 in)
2) If the play is within specification, visually check
the dust cover.
3) Remove the ball joint and cover, and check for
wear, damage or cracks. If any damage is found,
replace the corresponding part.
4) If the dust cover is damaged, replace with a new
ball joint.
FS-00202
FS-00115
FS-00035
FS-00036
Page 864 of 2453

FS-16
Front Arm
FRONT SUSPENSION
6. Front Arm
A: REMOVAL
1) Lift-up the vehicle, and then remove the front
wheels.
2) Remove the front crossmember support plate.
Support Plate.>
3) Remove the front stabilizer.
MOVAL, Front Stabilizer.>
4) Remove the ball joint of front arm.
5) Remove the nut securing the front arm to cross-
member. (Do not remove the bolt.)
6) Remove the front arm support plate.
7) Remove the bolt securing front arm to cross-
member and pull the front arm out of the cross-
member.
8) To remove the stud bolt, use the ST.
ST 20299AG020 STUD BOLT SOCKET
CAUTION:
Do not remove the stud bolt without necessity.
Always replace the parts with new ones when
removed.
B: INSTALLATION
1) Using the ST, install the stud bolt.
ST 20299AG020 STUD BOLT SOCKET
Tightening torque:
110 N·m (11.2 kgf-m, 81.1 ft-lb)
2) Using new bolts and self-locking nuts, temporari-
ly tighten the front arm to crossmember.
3) Secure the front arm to body, and then install the
support plate with new bolts and self-locking nuts.
Tightening torque:
Support plate to Front arm:
145 N·m (14.8 kgf-m, 106.9 ft-lb)
Support plate to Body:
150 N·m (15.3 kgf-m, 110.6 ft-lb)
4) Install the ball joint into housing.
Tightening torque:
50 N·m (5.1 kgf-m, 36.9 ft-lb)
5) Install the stabilizer.
TION, Front Stabilizer.>
6) Lower the vehicle from lift, and tighten the bolt
which secures the front arm to crossmember with
wheels in full contact with the ground and the vehi-
cle at curb weight.
Tightening torque:
95 N·m (9.7 kgf-m, 70.1 ft-lb)
NOTE:
Inspect the wheel alignment and adjust if neces-
sary.
FS-00106
FS-00107
FS-00203
(1) Vehicle body
(2) Stud bolt
FS-00109
(2)
(1)
ST