1993 CHEVROLET DYNASTY Service Manual

emergency towing alternator dead battery fold seats fuel tank removal steering

Page 1849 of 2438

CHEVROLET DYNASTY 1993 Service Manual FUEL INJECTOR RAIL ASSEMBLY
WARNING: THE 2.2L TURBO III FUEL SYSTEM IS
UNDER A CONSTANT PRESSURE OF APPROXI-
MATELY 380 KPA (55 PSI). PERFORM FUEL PRES-
SURE RELEASE PROCEDURE BEFORE SERVICING
THE FU

Page 1850 of 2438

CHEVROLET DYNASTY 1993 Service Manual (8) Cover or plug the injector ports with while ser-
vicing the injectors (Fig. 9).
INSTALLATION
(1) Ensure the injectors are seated into the re-
ceiver cup, with the lock ring in place. (2) Ensure t

(8) Cover or plug the injector ports with while ser-
vicing the injectors (Fig. 9).
INSTALLATION
(1) Ensure the injectors are seated into the re-
ceiver cup, with the lock ring in place. (2) Ensure the injector wiring connectors are fully
inserted into the fuel injectors. (3) Make sure the injector holes are clean and all
plugs have been removed (Fig. 9). (4) Lubricate the injector O-rings with a drop of
clean engine oil. (5) Install the injector assemblies into their holes
and install the attaching bolts. Draw the fuel rail as-
sembly evenly into the intake manifold, making sure
each injector enters its own hole. The oil separator
bracket must be on top of the fuel rail bracket (Fig.
8). (6) Once all injectors are evenly seated, tighten the
fuel rail attaching bolts to 23 N Im (200 in. lbs.)
torque. (7) Connect the fuel injector wiring harness to the
main harness. (8) Lubricate the ends of the chassis tubes with
clean 30 weight engine oil. (9) Connect fuel hose quick connect fittings to the
chassis fuel tubes. Pull on the fittings to ensure com-
plete connection. Refer to Quick Connect Fittings in the Fuel Deliv-
ery Section of this group. (10) Connect the vacuum hose to the fuel pressure
regulator. (11) Connect negative cable to battery.
CAUTION: When using the ASD Fuel System Test,
the Auto Shutdown (ASD) Relay remains energized
for either 7 minutes, until the test is stopped, or un-
til the ignition switch is turned to the Off position. (12) With the DRBII scan tool the ASD Fuel Sys-
tem Test to pressurize the fuel system to check for
leaks.
FUEL INJECTORS
Remove the fuel rail to service the injectors. Refer
to Fuel Injector Rail Assembly in this section.
REMOVAL
(1) Disconnect injector electrical connector from in-
jector. (Fig. 10).
(2) Position fuel rail assembly so that the fuel in-
jectors are easily accessible (Fig. 11).
(3) Remove injector lock ring off the fuel rail and
injector. Pull injector straight out of fuel rail receiver
cup (Fig. 11). (4) Check injector O-ring for damage. If O-ring is
damaged, it must be replaced. If injector is reused, a
protective cap must be installed on the injector tip to
prevent damage. (5) Repeat for remaining injectors.
Fig. 9 Fuel Injector Ports
Fig. 10 Fuel Rail and Injector Assembly
Fig. 11 Servicing Fuel Injectors
14 - 110 FUEL SYSTEMS Ä

Page 1851 of 2438

CHEVROLET DYNASTY 1993 Service Manual INSTALLATION
(1) Before installing an injector, the rubber O-ring
must be lubricated with a drop of clean engine oil to aid
in installation. (2) Being careful not to damage the O-ring, install
injec

INSTALLATION
(1) Before installing an injector, the rubber O-ring
must be lubricated with a drop of clean engine oil to aid
in installation. (2) Being careful not to damage the O-ring, install
injector top end into fuel rail receiver cup. (3) Install injector lock ring by sliding open end into
slot of the injector and onto the receiver cup ridge into
the side slots of ring (Fig. 11). (4) Repeat steps for remaining injectors.
(5) Install injector wiring harness to injectors. Place
harness into retaining clips.
FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR
WARNING: THE 2.2L TURBO III FUEL SYSTEM IS
UNDER A CONSTANT PRESSURE OF APPROXI-
MATELY 380 KPA (55 PSI). PERFORM FUEL PRES-
SURE RELEASE PROCEDURE BEFORE SERVICING
THE FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR.
REMOVAL
(1) Perform fuel system pressure release procedure.
(2) Disconnect negative cable from battery.
(3) Disconnect vacuum hose from fuel pressure regu-
lator (Fig. 12).
Place a shop towel under fuel pressure regula-
tor to absorb any fuel spillage. (4) Loosen fuel hose clamp and remove fuel return
hose. (5) Remove fuel pressure regulator mounting nuts.
Remove fuel pressure regulator from rail (Fig. 12).
Check O-Ring for damage. If O-Ring is damaged it
must be replaced.
INSTALLATION
(1) Lubricate O-ring with a drop of clean engine oil.
Install O-ring into the receiver cup on fuel rail. (2) Install fuel pressure regulator mounting nuts.
Tighten nuts to 7 N Im (65 in. lbs.) torque. (3) Connect fuel return hose to pressure regulator.
Tighten hose clamp to 1 N Im (10 in. lbs.) torque (Fig.
12). (4) Install vacuum hose on fuel pressure regulator.
(5) Connect negative cable to battery.
CAUTION: When using the ASD Fuel System Test,
the Auto Shutdown (ASD) Relay remains energized
for either 7 minutes, until the test is stopped, or un-
til the ignition switch is turned to the Off position. (6) With the DRBII scan tool the ASD Fuel System
Test to pressurize system and check for leaks.
MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (MAP) SENSOR
SERVICE
(1) Remove vacuum hose from MAP sensor (Fig.
13) (2) Remove MAP sensor mounting screws (Fig. 13).
(3) Remove electrical connector. Remove sensor.
(4) Reverse the above procedure for installation.
WASTEGATE AND CANISTER PURGE SOLENOID
SERVICE
(1) Remove vacuum hoses from sensors (Fig. 14).
(2) Disconnect electrical connector from solenoids
(Fig. 14). (3) Remove solenoid pack mounting nut. Remove
solenoid pack. (4) Depress tab on top of solenoid to be replaced
and slide the solenoid downward out of mounting
bracket. (5) Reverse above procedure to install.
PCM SERVICE
(1) Remove air cleaner duct from PCM.
(2) Remove battery.
(3) Remove PCM mounting screws (Fig. 15).
(4) Disconnect the 60-way wiring connector. Re-
move the PCM. (5) Reverse the above procedure for installation.
Fig. 13 Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
Fig. 12 Servicing Fuel Pressure Regulator
Ä FUEL SYSTEMS 14 - 111

Page 1852 of 2438

CHEVROLET DYNASTY 1993 Service Manual HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR (O2SENSOR)
The oxygen sensor is installed in the exhaust man-
ifold (Fig. 16).
CAUTION: Do not pull on the oxygen sensor wires
when disconnecting the electrical connector.
WAR

Page 1853 of 2438

CHEVROLET DYNASTY 1993 Service Manual 3.0L MULTI-PORT FUEL INJECTIONÐSYSTEM OPERATION INDEX
page page
Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Relay (AA, AG, AJ Body)ÐPCM Output .................... 118
Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Relay (AC

3.0L MULTI-PORT FUEL INJECTIONÐSYSTEM OPERATION INDEX
page page
Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Relay (AA, AG, AJ Body)ÐPCM Output .................... 118
Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Relay (AC Body) ÐPCM Output ........................ 118
Air Conditioning Switch Sense (AA, AG, AJ Body)ÐPCM Input ..................... 115
Air Conditioning Switch Sense (AC Body)ÐPCM Input ................................ 115
Auto Shutdown (ASD) Relay and Fuel Pump RelayÐPCM Output .................... 119
Battery VoltageÐPCM Input ............... 115
Brake SwitchÐPCM Input ................. 115
CCD Bus .............................. 113
Data Link ConnectorÐPCM Output .......... 120
Distributor Pick-UpÐPCM Input ............. 115
Duty Cycle Evap Canister Purge Solenoid ÐPCM Output ........................ 119
Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor ÐPCM Input ......................... 115
Fuel InjectorsÐPCM Output ............... 120
Fuel Pressure Regulator .................. 124
Fuel Supply Circuit ...................... 123
General Information ...................... 113 Generator FieldÐPCM Output
.............. 118
Heated Oxygen Sensor (O
2Sensor)
ÐPCM Input ......................... 116
Idle Air Control MotorÐPCM Output ......... 119
Ignition CoilÐPCM Output ................. 121
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Lamp)ÐPCM Output ................... 120
Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor ÐPCM Input ......................... 116
Modes of Operation ...................... 121
Park/Neutral SwitchÐPCM Input ............ 117
Part Throttle Unlock SolenoidÐPCM Output . . . 121
Powertrain Control Module ................. 113
Radiator Fan RelayÐPCM Output ........... 121
Speed Control SolenoidsÐPCM Output ....... 121
Speed ControlÐPCM Input ................ 117
System Diagnosis ....................... 113
TachometerÐPCM Output ................. 121
Throttle Body ........................... 123
Throttle Position Sensor (TPS)ÐPCM Input .... 117
Transaxle Control ModuleÐPCM Output ...... 120
Vehicle Speed and Distance InputÐPCM Input . 118
Vehicle Speed SensorÐPCM Input .......... 118
GENERAL INFORMATION
The 3.0L engine uses a sequential Multi-Port Elec-
tronic Fuel Injection system (Fig. 1). The MPI system
is computer regulated and provides precise air/fuel
ratios for all driving conditions. The MPI system is operated by the powertrain con-
trol module (PCM). The PCM regulates ignition timing, air-fuel ratio,
emission control devices, cooling fan, charging sys-
tem, idle speed and speed control. Various sensors
provide the inputs necessary for the PCM to correctly
operate these systems. In addition to the sensors,
various switches also provide inputs to the PCM. All inputs to the PCM are converted into signals.
The PCM can adapt its programming to meet chang-
ing operating conditions. Fuel is injected into the intake port above the in-
take valve in precise metered amounts through elec-
trically operated injectors. The PCM fires the
injectors in a specific sequence. The PCM maintains
an air fuel ratio of 14.7 parts air to 1 part fuel by
constantly adjusting injector pulse width. Injector
pulse width is the length of time the injector is ener-
gized. The PCM adjusts injector pulse width by opening
and closing the ground path to the injector. Engine
RPM (speed) and manifold absolute pressure (air
density) are the primary inputs that determine injec-
tor pulse width.
SYSTEM DIAGNOSIS
The powertrain control module (PCM) tests many
of its own input and output circuits. If a fault is
found in a major system, the information is stored in
memory. Technicians can display fault information
through the malfunction indicator lamp (instrument
panel Check Engine lamp) or by connecting the
DRBII scan tool. For diagnostic trouble code informa-
tion, refer to the 3.0 Multi-Port Fuel InjectionÐOn-
Board Diagnostics section of this group.
CCD BUS
Various modules exchange information through a
communications port called the CCD Bus. The pow-
ertrain control module (PCM) transmits the malfunc-
tion indicator (instrument panel check engine lamp)
On/Off signal, engine RPM and vehicle load data on
the CCD Bus.
POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE
The powertrain control module (PCM) is a digital
computer containing a microprocessor (Fig. 2). The
PCM receives input signals from various switches
and sensors that are referred to as PCM Inputs.
Based on these inputs, the PCM adjusts various en-
gine and vehicle operations through devices referred
to as PCM Outputs. PCM Inputs:
² Air Conditioning Controls
² Battery Voltage
² Brake Switch
Ä FUEL SYSTEMS 14 - 113

Page 1854 of 2438

CHEVROLET DYNASTY 1993 Service Manual ² Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
² Distributor Pick-up
² Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor
² Oxygen Sensor
² SCI Receive
² Speed Control System Controls
² Throttle Position

Page 1855 of 2438

CHEVROLET DYNASTY 1993 Service Manual The PCM adjusts ignition timing based on the fol-
lowing inputs.
² engine coolant temperature
² engine speed (distributor pick-up)
² manifold absolute pressure
² throttle position
The Aut

The PCM adjusts ignition timing based on the fol-
lowing inputs.
² engine coolant temperature
² engine speed (distributor pick-up)
² manifold absolute pressure
² throttle position
The Automatic Shut Down (ASD) and Fuel Pump
relays are mounted externally, but turned on and off
by the PCM through the same circuit. The distributor pick-up signal is sent to the PCM.
If the PCM does not receive a distributor signal
within approximately one second of engine cranking,
the ASD relay and fuel pump relay are deactivated.
When these relays are deactivated, power is shut off
to the fuel injector, ignition coil, oxygen sensor heat-
ing element and fuel pump. The PCM contains a voltage converter that
changes battery voltage to a regulated 8.0 volts. The
8.0 volts power the distributor pick-up and vehicle
speed sensor. The PCM also provides a 5.0 volts sup-
ply for the coolant temperature sensor, manifold ab-
solute pressure sensor and throttle position sensor.
AIR CONDITIONING SWITCH SENSE (AA, AG, AJ
BODY)ÐPCM INPUT
When the air conditioning or defrost switch is in
the ON position and the low pressure and high pres-
sure switches are closed, the PCM receives an input
for air conditioning. After receiving this input, the
PCM activates the A/C compressor clutch by ground-
ing the A/C clutch relay. The PCM also adjusts idle
speed to a scheduled RPM to compensate for in-
creased engine load.
AIR CONDITIONING SWITCH SENSE (AC
BODY)ÐPCM INPUT
When the air conditioning or defrost switch is in
the ON position and the low pressure, high pressure
and ambient temperature switches are closed, the
PCM receives an input for air conditioning. After re-
ceiving this input, the PCM activates the A/C com-
pressor clutch by grounding the A/C clutch relay.
The PCM also adjusts idle speed to a scheduled RPM
to compensate for increased engine load.
BATTERY VOLTAGEÐPCM INPUT
The PCM monitors the battery voltage input to de-
termine fuel injector pulse width and generator field
control. If battery voltage is low, the PCM will in-
crease injector pulse width.
BRAKE SWITCHÐPCM INPUT
When the brake switch is activated, the PCM re-
ceives an input indicating that the brakes are being
applied. After receiving this input the PCM main-
tains idle speed to a scheduled RPM through the idle
air control motor. The brake switch is mounted on
the brake pedal support bracket.
ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSORÐPCM
INPUT
The coolant temperature sensor is a variable resis-
tor with a range of -40É to 265É. The sensor is in-
stalled next to the thermostat housing. The PCM supplies 5.0 volts to the coolant temper-
ature sensor. The sensor provides an input voltage to
the PCM (Fig. 3). As coolant temperature varies, the
sensors resistance changes, resulting in a different
input voltage to the PCM. The PCM demands slightly richer air-fuel mixtures
and higher idle speeds until the engine reaches nor-
mal operating temperature. This sensor is also used for cooling fan control.
DISTRIBUTOR PICK-UPÐPCM INPUT
The distributor pick-up provides two inputs to the
PCM. From one input the PCM determines RPM (en-
gine speed). From the other input it derives crank-
shaft position. The PCM regulates injector
synchronization and adjusts ignition timing and en-
gine speed based on these inputs. The distributor pick-up contains two signal gener-
ators. The pick-up unit consists of 2 light emitting
diodes (LED), 2 photo diodes, and a separate timing
disk. The timing disk contains two sets of slots. Each
set of slots rotates between a light emitting diode
and a photo diode (Fig. 4). The inner set contains 6
large slots, one for each cylinder. The outer set con-
tains several smaller slots. The outer set of slots on the rotating disk repre-
sents 2 degrees of crankshaft rotation. Up to 1200
engine RPM, the PCM uses the input from the outer
set of slots to increase ignition timing accuracy. The outer set of slots contains a 10 degree flat spot
(Fig. 5). The flat spot tells the PCM that the next
piston at TDC will be number 6. The position of each
piston is referenced by one of the six inner slots (Fig.
5). As each slot on the timing disk passes between the
diodes, the beam from the light emitting diode is in-
Fig. 3 Coolant Temperature Sensor
Ä FUEL SYSTEMS 14 - 115

Page 1856 of 2438

CHEVROLET DYNASTY 1993 Service Manual terrupted. This creates an alternating voltage in
each photo diode which is converted into on-off
pulses. The pulses are the input to the PCM. During cranking, the PCM cannot determine
crankshaft pos

terrupted. This creates an alternating voltage in
each photo diode which is converted into on-off
pulses. The pulses are the input to the PCM. During cranking, the PCM cannot determine
crankshaft position until the 10 degree flat spot on
the outer set of slots passes through the optical unit.
Once the flat spot is detected, the PCM knows piston
number 6 will be the next piston at TDC. Since the disk rotates at half crankshaft speed, it
may take 2 engine revolutions during cranking for
the PCM to determine the position of piston number
6. For this reason the PCM will energize all six in-
jectors at the same time until it senses the position
of piston number 6.
MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE (MAP)
SENSORÐPCM INPUT
The PCM supplies 5 volts to the MAP sensor. The
Map sensor converts intake manifold pressure into
voltage. The PCM monitors the MAP sensor output
voltage. As vacuum increases, MAP sensor voltage
decreases proportionately. Also, as vacuum decreases,
MAP sensor voltage increases proportionately. During cranking, before the engine starts running,
the PCM determines atmospheric air pressure from
the MAP sensor voltage. While the engine operates,
the PCM determines intake manifold pressure from
the MAP sensor voltage. Based on MAP sensor voltage and inputs from
other sensors, the PCM adjusts spark advance and
the air/fuel mixture. The MAP sensor (Fig. 6) mounts on a bracket at-
tached to the generator bracket. The sensor is con-
nected to the throttle body with a vacuum hose and
to the PCM electrically.
HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR (O2SENSOR)ÐPCM
INPUT
The O2sensor is located in the exhaust manifold
and provides an input voltage to the PCM. The input
tells the PCM the oxygen content of the exhaust gas
(Fig. 7). The PCM uses this information to fine tune
the air-fuel ratio by adjusting injector pulse width.
The O
2sensor produces voltages from 0 to 1 volt,
depending upon the oxygen content of the exhaust
gas. When a large amount of oxygen is present
Fig. 4 Distributor Pick-up
Fig. 5 Inner and Outer Slots of Rotating Disk
Fig. 6 Map Sensor
Fig. 7 Heated Oxygen SensorÐ3.0L Engine
14 - 116 FUEL SYSTEMS Ä

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