2012 SSANGYONG KORANDO Service Manual

14-54170-00
2) Tire Unit Indication
Aspect ratio (%)
= Nominal section height (H) / Nominal section
width (W)
X 100
3) Tire Inflation Pressure (32 psi)
Proper inflation pressure Excessive inflation pressure Low inflation pressure
The contact area between the
ground and tire faces the tread
layer completely. Thus the driving
force and the braking force are
optimized, and the tire is worn out
evenly resulting in increased life.The contact area between the
ground and tire is not enough,
so the tire is worn out unevenly
and the tire is vulnerability to
outside influence.The contact area between the
ground and tire is excessive, so
a lot of heat is generated and
the tire is worn out unevenly and
abnormally.
Tread widthTread widthTread width

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During driving, the rotating tire repeats deformation and restoring movement in is tread. This happens
when the tire pressure is low in high speed driving.
However, when the wheel rotating speed is fast, the tire is deformed even before it is restored to its
original shape and the trembling wave appears on the tread portion. If this symptom lasts for an
extended period of time, the tire can be blown out in a short period of time.
If the standing wave symptom occurs on the tire, rubber on the tread comes off and eventually the tire
can be blown out which is very dangerous. When driving at high speed, the inflation pressure should be
increased to decrease heat generation due to extension and contraction motion, to decrease
hydroplaning and to prevent standing wave.
To prevent this symptom, it is recommended to increase the tire pressure 10 ~ 30 % higher than the
specified pressure value in high speed driving.
Specified tire inflation pressure32psi
2. ABNORMAL TIRE SYMPTOM
1) Standing Wave

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When the vehicle is driven on a road surface covered with water at high speed, tires do not contact with
the road surface but rotate floating on a thin film of water.
It causes brake failure, lower traction force and losing the steering performance.
To prevent this, increase the tire inflation pressure, use tires with leaf shape tread which is not worn.
However, it is a best measure to drive slowly.
2) Hydro Planing

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If weight is not equally distributed around the wheel, unbalance centrifugal force by the wheel rotation
produces vibration. As the centrifugal force is produced proportional to the square of the rotating speed,
the wheel weight should be balanced even at high speed. There are two types of the tire and wheel
balancing: static and dynamic. Abnormal vibration may also occur due to unbalanced rigidity or size of
tires.
1) Static Balance
When the free rotation of the wheel is
allowed, the heavier part is stopped on the
bottom if the wheel weight is unbalanced and
this is called "Static Unbalance". Also, the
state at which tire's stop position is not same
is called "Static Balance" when the wheel is
rotated again. If the part A is heavier as
shown in the figure 1, add the balance weight
of a weight corresponding to unbalanced
weight from B to A to maintain the static
balance. If the static balance is not
maintained, tramping, up and down vibration
of the wheels, occurs.
2) Dynamic Balance
The static unbalance of the wheel creates
the vibration in the vertical direction, but the
dynamic unbalance creates the vibration in
the lateral direction. As shown in the figure
2 (a), if two parts, (2) and (3), are heavier
when the wheels are under the static
balance condition, dynamic unbalance is
created, resulting in shimmy, left and right
vibration of the wheels, and the torque Fxa
is applied in the axial direction. To correct
the dynamic unbalance, add the balance
weight of a same weight for two points of
the circumference of the rim, A and B, as
shown in the figure 2 (b), and apply the
torque in the opposite direction to the
torque Fxa to offset in order to ensure
smooth rotation of the wheel.
Center
A
B
a
a
Fxa
Fxa F
F
A
B
(a)(b)
[Figure 1]
[Figure 2]
3. WHEEL BALANCE

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1. SPECIFICATION
Unit Construction
Front sub
frame
Rear sub
frame (4WD)
Rear sub
frame (2WD)
Body mounting:
4-points bush
Transaxle mounting:
2-points bush
Weight: 22.37 kg 1.
2.
3.
Body mounting:
4-points bush
Axle mounting:
4-points bush
Weight: 16.61 kg 1.
2.
3.
Body mounting:
40 points direct mounting
Spring link:
Direct mounting without
bracket on rear cross
member
Weight: 12.74 kg 1.
2.
3.

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4. Transaxle mounting (Rear)3. Rear mounting (LH & RH)
2. Front mounting (LH & RH)
1. Transaxle mounting (Front)
2. TIGHTENING TORQUE
Bolt (17 mm) /
Nut (17 mm)68.6 to 88.2 Nm
Bolt (17 mm)88.2 to 107.8 Nm
Bolt (17 mm)88.2 to 107.8 Nm
2 Bracket mounting
bolts (17 mm)88.2 to 107.8 Nm
Bolt (14 mm) /
Nut (14 mm)68.6 to 88.2 Nm
3 Bolts (14 mm)29.4 to 49.0 Nm
Front sub frame - based on 4WD ▶

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8. Other connections for rear sub frame (LH &
RH)7. Rear axle mounting
5. Front mounting (LH & RH)
Bolt (17 mm)88.2 to 107.8 Nm
6. Rear mounting (LH & RH)
Bolt (17 mm)88.2 to 107.8 Nm
Rear mounting
bolt (14 mm)68.6 to 88.2 Nm
Upper arm bolt
(17 mm) / Nut (19
mm)98.0 to 117.6 Nm
Lower arm nut/Bolt
(19 mm)98.0 to 117.6 Nm
Rear sub frame - based on 4WD ▶
Rear mounting
bolt (17 mm)107.8 to 127.4 Nm

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1) Sectional Diagram and Bolts for Front Sub Frame
Mounting nut
29.4 to 39.2 Nm
Bolt9.4 to 39.2 Nm
Installation Sectional diagram
1. Front
2. Rear
Mounting bracket Mounting bolt
3. Transaxle mounting (Front)
For manual transaxle For automatic transaxle
(diesel)
4. Transaxle mounting (Rear)