1989 FORD FIESTA Service Repair Manual

11•22 Bodywork and fittings
1595Ford Fiesta Remake
Notes
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12
1595Ford Fiesta Remake
Fuses - pre-1992 models
Main fuse board:
No Rating (amps) Circuit(s) protected
1 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Electronic engine control system
2 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Interior light, cigarette lighter, clock and radio memory
3 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Central locking system
4 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Heated rear window element
5 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Dim-dip lighting
6 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Left-hand side lights and rear fog light
7 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Right-hand side lights
8 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Left-hand dipped beam
9 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Right-hand dipped beam
10 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Left-hand main beam and right-hand auxiliary driving light
11 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Right-hand main beam and left-hand auxiliary driving light
12 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Heater fan motor and reversing light
13 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Radiator cooling fan motor
14 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Front foglights (XR2i only)
15 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Horn
16 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Wiper motor and windscreen/tailgate washer pump
17 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Brake stop lights, instrument illumination and instrument warning
18 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Electrically operated windows
19 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Electric fuel pump
20 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Oxygen sensor (vehicles with catalytic converter)
21 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Left-hand direction indicators
22 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Right-hand direction indicators
Chapter 12
Body electrical systems
Air bag (driver’s side) - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Air bag (passenger’s side) - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . \
. . . . . . . 29
Air bag clock spring - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Air bag control module - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Anti-theft systems - general information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Battery, bulbs and fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .See
“Weekly checks”
Bulbs (exterior lights) - renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Bulbs (interior lights) - renewal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Cigarette lighter - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Clock - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Electric window regulator motor - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . 20
Electrical fault-finding - general information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Exterior light units - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Fuses and relays - general information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
General information and precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Headlight and auxiliary light beam alignment - checking and
adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . 8
Horn - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Instrument panel - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Instrument panel components - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . 10
“Lights-on” warning module - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Radio aerial - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Radio/cassette player - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Screen washer fluid level check . . . . . . . . . . . . . .See
“Weekly checks”
Speaker balance control joystick - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . 24
Speakers - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Speedometer cable - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Switches - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Tailgate remote release motor - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Tailgate wiper motor assembly - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Windscreen wiper motor and linkage - removal and refitting . . . . . . 16
Windscreen wiper pivot shaft - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Windscreen/tailgate washer system components - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . 19
Wiper arms - removal and refitting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Wiper blade check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .See “Weekly checks”
12•1
Specifications Contents
Easy,suitable for
novice with little
experience Fairly easy,
suitable
for beginner with
some experience Fairly difficult,
suitable for competent
DIY mechanic
Difficult,
suitable for
experienced DIY
mechanic Very difficult,
suitable for expert DIY
or professional
Degrees of difficulty
54321
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Additional fuses behind main fuse board:
NoRating (amps) Circuit(s) protected
23 - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . Unused
24/25 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Rear fog lights
26 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Tailgate remote release
27/28 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Heated windscreen
Fuses - 1992 models onward
Main fuse board:
Fuses 1 to 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . Unchanged from pre-1992 models
Additional fuses behind main fuse board:
No Rating (amps) Circuit(s) protected
23* - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unused
23** 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Rear fog lights
24* - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unused 24** 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Rear fog lights
25 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Tailgate remote release, anti-theft warning system
26 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Heated windscreen
27 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Heated windscreen
28* 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Full-length sunroof
28** 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Automatic transmission starter inhibitor
29 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . Air bag
* Pre-1994 models
** 1994 models onward
Relays (pre-1992 models)
Note: Relay locations and circuits controlled are liable to change from year t\
o year. Consult a Ford dealer, for specific information.
No Circuit(s) controlled
I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heated rear window
II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Windscreen wiper delay
III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . CFi (fuel injection) delay relay
IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not used on UK models
V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ignition switch
VI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automatic transmission starter inhibitor/electric fuel pump (bridge fitted to carburettor engines without automatic transmission)
VII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Headlight main beam
VIII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dim-dip lighting
IX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not used on UK models
X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not used on UK models
XI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heated windscreen
XII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anti-lock braking system
A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Idle speed control (automatic transmission) two-tone horn (where fitt\
ed)
B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not used on UK models
C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Front foglights (XR2i)
D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Headlight dipped beam
E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dim-dip lighting
Relays (1992 models onward)
Note: Relay locations and circuits controlled are liable to change from year t\
o year. Consult a Ford dealer, for specific information.
No Circuit(s) controlled
I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heated rear window
II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Windscreen wiper delay
III . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . CFi delay relay or EFi supply relay (fuel injection)
IV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not used on UK models
V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ignition switch
VI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Automatic transmission starter inhibitor, anti-theft warning system
VII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Headlight main beam
VIII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anti-lock braking system and/or dim-dip lighting
IX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not used on UK models
X . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not used on UK models
XI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Heated windscreen
XII . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anti-lock braking system
A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Idle speed control (automatic transmission) or two-tone horn (where f\
itted)
B . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Fuel pump
C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Front foglights (XR2i, RS Turbo and RS 1800)
D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Headlight dipped beam
E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dim-dip lighting
F . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Not used on UK models
12•2 Body electrical systems
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BulbsWattage
Headlight (halogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . H4, 60/55
Sidelight (front) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . 5
Direction indicators (main) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Side direction indicator repeaters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Auxiliary driving and foglights (S and XR2i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H3, 55
Stop/tail light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . 21/5
Rear foglight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . 21
Reversing light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . 21
Number plate light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . 10
Interior light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . . . . . . 10
Luggage compartment light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Instrument warning lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
1.3 or 2.6
Panel illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . . . . . 1.3 or 2.6
Cigarette lighter illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.4
Automatic transmission selector illumination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Lubricants
Grease for windscreen wiper linkage and pivots . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . To Ford specification SAM-1C-911-A
Torque wrench settingsNm lbf ft
Wiper motor to bracket . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . 8 to 9 6 to 7
Wiper motor bracket to bulkhead/tailgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 to 8 4 to 6
Windscreen wiper crank to driving shaft nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 to 24 16 to 18
Windscreen/tailgate wiper arm retaining nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 to 18 12 to 13
Windscreen wiper pivot shaft nut . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 to 12 7 to 9
Windscreen/tailgate washer reservoir securing bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 to 3.5 2 to 3
Headlight retaining bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. 5.4 to 7.0 4 to 5
Tail light securing nuts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . 1.5 to 2.5 1 to 2
Auxiliary light retaining nut (S models) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 to 9.2 5 to 7
Horn bracket retaining bolt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 to 33 18 to 24
Starter inhibitor switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .\
. . 9 to 14 7 to 10
Body electrical systems 12•3
12
1595Ford Fiesta Remake
1 General information and
precautions
General information
The electrical system is of 12-volt negative
earth type. Power for the lights and all
electrical accessories is supplied by a
lead/acid battery, which is charged by the
engine-driven alternator.
This Chapter covers repair and service
procedures for the various electrical
components not associated with the engine.
Information on the battery, ignition system,
alternator, and starter motor can be found in
Chapter 5A and B.
All models from 1994 onwards are fitted
with a driver’s air bag, which is designed to
prevent serious chest and head injuries to the
driver during an accident. A similar bag for the
front seat passenger is also available. The
combined sensor and electronics for the air
bag is located next to the steering column
inside the vehicle, and contains a back-up
capacitor, crash sensor, decelerometer,
safety sensor, integrated circuit and
microprocessor. The air bag is inflated by a
gas generator, which forces the bag out of the module cover in the centre of the steering
wheel. A “clock spring” ensures that a good
electrical connection is maintained with the air
bag at all times - as the steering wheel is
turned in each direction, the spring winds and
unwinds.
An anti-theft alarm system is available on
later models, and is triggered if the vehicle is
broken into through the doors, bonnet, or
tailgate. The alarm will also be triggered if the
ignition or audio equipment is tampered with.
Additionally, from the 1994 model year
onwards, a Passive Anti-Theft System (PATS)
is fitted. This system, (which works
independently of the standard alarm) prevents
the engine from being started unless a
specific code, programmed into the ignition
key, is recognised by the PATS transceiver.
Precautions
Warning: Before carrying out
any work on the electrical
system, read through the
precautions given in “Safety
first!” at the beginning of this manual and
in Chapter 5A, Section 1.
Caution: Prior to working on any
component in the electrical system, the
battery negative lead should first be
disconnected, to prevent the possibility of electrical short-circuits and/or fires. If a
radio/cassette player with anti-theft
security code is fitted, refer to the
information given in the reference sections
of this manual before disconnecting the
battery.
2 Electrical fault-finding
-
general information
2
Note: Refer to the precautions given in
“Safety first!” and in Section 1 of this Chapter
before starting work. The following tests relate
to testing of the main electrical circuits, and
should not be used to test delicate electronic
circuits (such as engine management
systems), particularly where an electronic
control unit is used. Also refer to the
precautions given in Chapter 5A, Section 1.
General
1 A typical electrical circuit consists of an
electrical component, any switches, relays,
motors, fuses, fusible links or circuit breakers
related to that component, and the wiring and
connectors which link the component to both
the battery and the chassis. To help to
pinpoint a problem in an electrical circuit,
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wiring diagrams are included at the end of this
manual.
2Before attempting to diagnose an electrical
fault, first study the appropriate wiring
diagram, to obtain a complete understanding
of the components included in the particular
circuit concerned. The possible sources of a
fault can be narrowed down by noting if other
components related to the circuit are
operating properly. If several components or
circuits fail at one time, the problem is likely to
be related to a shared fuse or earth
connection.
3 Electrical problems usually stem from
simple causes, such as loose or corroded
connections, a faulty earth connection, a
blown fuse, a melted fusible link, or a faulty
relay (refer to Section 3 for details of testing
relays). Visually inspect the condition of all
fuses, wires and connections in a problem
circuit before testing the components. Use
the wiring diagrams to determine which
terminal connections will need to be checked
in order to pinpoint the trouble-spot.
4 The basic tools required for electrical fault-
finding include a circuit tester or voltmeter (a
12-volt bulb with a set of test leads can also
be used for certain tests); an ohmmeter (to
measure resistance and check for continuity);
a battery and set of test leads; and a jumper
wire, preferably with a circuit breaker or fuse
incorporated, which can be used to bypass
suspect wires or electrical components.
Before attempting to locate a problem with
test instruments, use the wiring diagram to
determine where to make the connections.
Warning: Under no
circumstances may live
measuring instruments such as
ohmmeters, voltmeters or a bulb
and test leads be used to test any of the
air bag circuitry or components. Any
testing in these areas must be left to a
Ford dealer as there is a danger of
activating the system if the correct
procedures are not followed.
5 To find the source of an intermittent wiring
fault (usually due to a poor or dirty
connection, or damaged wiring insulation), a
“wiggle” test can be performed on the wiring.
This involves wiggling the wiring by hand to
see if the fault occurs as the wiring is moved.
It should be possible to narrow down the
source of the fault to a particular section of
wiring. This method of testing can be used in
conjunction with any of the tests described in
the following sub-Sections.
6 Apart from problems due to poor
connections, two basic types of fault can
occur in an electrical circuit - open-circuit, or
short-circuit.
7 Open-circuit faults are caused by a break
somewhere in the circuit, which prevents
current from flowing. An open-circuit fault will
prevent a component from working.
8 Short-circuit faults are caused by a “short”
somewhere in the circuit, which allows the current flowing in the circuit to “escape” along
an alternative route, usually to earth. Short-
circuit faults are normally caused by a
breakdown in wiring insulation, which allows a
feed wire to touch either another wire, or an
earthed component such as the bodyshell. A
short-circuit fault will normally cause the
relevant circuit fuse to blow.
Finding an open-circuit
9
To check for an open-circuit, connect one
lead of a circuit tester or the negative lead of a
voltmeter either to the battery negative
terminal or to a known good earth.
10 Connect the other lead to a connector in
the circuit being tested, preferably nearest to
the battery or fuse. At this point, battery
voltage should be present, unless the lead
from the battery or the fuse itself is faulty
(bearing in mind that some circuits are live
only when the ignition switch is moved to a
particular position).
11 Switch on the circuit, then connect the
tester lead to the connector nearest the circuit
switch on the component side.
12 If voltage is present (indicated either by
the tester bulb lighting or a voltmeter reading,
as applicable), this means that the section of
the circuit between the relevant connector
and the switch is problem-free.
13 Continue to check the remainder of the
circuit in the same fashion.
14 When a point is reached at which no
voltage is present, the problem must lie
between that point and the previous test point
with voltage. Most problems can be traced to
a broken, corroded or loose connection.
Finding a short-circuit
15 To check for a short-circuit, first
disconnect the load(s) from the circuit (loads
are the components which draw current from
a circuit, such as bulbs, motors, heating
elements, etc).
16 Remove the relevant fuse from the circuit,
and connect a circuit tester or voltmeter to the
fuse connections.
17 Switch on the circuit, bearing in mind that
some circuits are live only when the ignition
switch is moved to a particular position.
18 If voltage is present (indicated either by
the tester bulb lighting or a voltmeter reading,
as applicable), this means that there is a
short-circuit.
19 If no voltage is present during this test,
but the fuse still blows with the load(s)
reconnected, this indicates an internal fault in
the load(s).
Finding an earth fault
20 The battery negative terminal is
connected to “earth” - the metal of the
engine/transmission and the vehicle body -
and many systems are wired so that they only
receive a positive feed, the current returning
via the metal of the car body. This means that
the component mounting and the body form
part of that circuit. Loose or corroded mountings can therefore cause a range of
electrical faults, ranging from total failure of a
circuit, to a puzzling partial failure. In
particular, lights may shine dimly (especially
when another circuit sharing the same earth
point is in operation), motors (eg wiper
motors or the radiator cooling fan motor) may
run slowly, and the operation of one circuit
may have an apparently-unrelated effect on
another. Note that on many vehicles, earth
straps are used between certain
components, such as the engine/
transmission and the body, usually where
there is no metal-to-metal contact between
components, due to flexible rubber
mountings, etc.
21
To check whether a component is
properly earthed, disconnect the battery (refer
to Chapter 5A, Section 1) and connect one
lead of an ohmmeter to a known good earth
point. Connect the other lead to the wire or
earth connection being tested. The resistance
reading should be zero; if not, check the
connection as follows.
22 If an earth connection is thought to be
faulty, dismantle the connection, and clean
both the bodyshell and the wire terminal (or
the component earth connection mating
surface) back to bare metal. Be careful to
remove all traces of dirt and corrosion, then
use a knife to trim away any paint, so that a
clean metal-to-metal joint is made. On
reassembly, tighten the joint fasteners
securely; if a wire terminal is being refitted,
use serrated washers between the terminal
and the bodyshell, to ensure a clean and
secure connection. When the connection is
remade, prevent the onset of corrosion in the
future by applying a coat of petroleum jelly or
silicone-based grease, or by spraying on (at
regular intervals) a proprietary ignition sealer
or a water-dispersant lubricant.
3 Fuses and relays -
general information
Note: It is important to note that the ignition
switch and the appropriate electrical circuit
must always be switched off before any of the
fuses (or relays) are removed and renewed.
1 The main fuse and relay board is located
below the facia panel to the right of the
steering wheel. The fuses can be inspected
and if necessary renewed, by removing the
hinged access cover. The remaining
additional fuses and relays (depending on
model) may be accessed by removing the two
fuse board retaining screws, releasing the
retaining lugs on either side of the main fuse
plate and withdrawing the fuse/relay board
downwards into the driver’s footwell. Each
fuse location is numbered - refer to the fuse
chart in the Specifications at the start of this
Chapter to check which circuits are protected
by each fuse. Plastic tweezers are attached to
12•4 Body electrical systems
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the inside face of the cover to remove and fit
the fuses (see illustrations) .
2 To remove a fuse, use the tweezers
provided to pull it out of the holder. Slide the
fuse sideways from the tweezers. The wire
within the fuse is clearly visible, and it will be
broken if the fuse is blown.
3 Always renew a fuse with one of an
identical rating. Never renew a fuse more than
once without tracing the source of the trouble.
The fuse rating is stamped on top of the fuse.
4 With the exception of the indicator flasher
relay, the remainder of the relays are fitted to
the reverse side of the main fuse/relay board.
Access is as described in paragraph 1.
5 The various relays can be removed from
their respective locations on the fuse board by
carefully pulling them from the sockets.
6 The direction indicator flasher relay is
attached to the multi-function switch unit on
the steering column. Access to the relay is
made by undoing the retaining screws and
removing the steering column shrouds. The
relay can then be withdrawn from the switch.
7 If a system controlled by a relay becomes
inoperative and the relay is suspect, listen to
the relay as the circuit is operated. If the relay
is functioning, it should be possible to hear it
click as it is energised. If the relay proves
satisfactory, the fault lies with the
components or wiring of the system. If the
relay is not being energised, then it is not
receiving a main supply voltage or a switching
voltage, or the relay is faulty.
4 Switches -
removal and refitting
2
Ignition switch (loom plate and
lock barrel)
1 Disconnect the battery negative (earth) lead
(refer to Chapter 5A, Section 1).
2 Remove the manual choke control knob,
where fitted, by depressing the lug securing it,
and pulling it from its shaft. The lug is found
on the side of the control knob shank. 3
Remove the lower steering column shroud
by undoing its four retaining screws, then
detach the choke warning light switch/pull
control assembly from the lower shroud by
unscrewing its retaining collar (bayonet-type
fixing), using a suitable tool to locate in the
collar recesses.
4 Remove the two screws securing the upper
steering column shroud from above, and the
two screws securing it from below, the latter
accessible only with the lower shroud
removed.
5 Disconnect the ignition switch wiring multi-
plug connector. Insert a thin-bladed
screwdriver into the lock tab aperture, release
the locking tab and remove the loom plate
from its location on the left-hand side of the
steering column.
6 Where applicable, undo the single screw
and withdraw the Passive Anti-Theft System
(PATS) transceiver from the ignition
switch/steering lock barrel.
7 Insert the key and turn the ignition switch to
position ”I”. Depress the lock barrel plunger
through the steering column lock housing. As
the lock barrel plunger is depressed, pull
on the ignition key to remove the lock barrel
(see illustration) .
8 Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure. When relocating the switch to the
steering lock, the barrel driveshaft must align with the switch shaft as it is pushed into
position. Check the switch for satisfactory
operation on completion.
Steering column multi-function
switch
9
Carry out the operations described in
paragraphs 1 to 4 above.
10 Disconnect the wiring multi-plugs from
the multi-function switch assembly, then
remove the single screw securing the switch
assembly to the steering column lock
housing. This retaining screw is located
directly forward of the hazard warning light
switch. Remove the switch assembly.
11 Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure.
Facia centre panel switches
(below heater controls)
12 These switches individually control the
front and rear foglights, heated windscreen
and heated rear window element. Where
these features are not fitted to the vehicle,
blanking plates are installed instead of
switches.
13 Disconnect the battery negative (earth)
lead (refer to Chapter 5A, Section 1).
14 Remove the radio/cassette player as
described in Section 22.
15 Remove the ashtray, then undo the three
screws from the base of the centre panel.
Withdraw the centre panel, disconnecting the
cigarette lighter connections as it is
withdrawn.
16 Push the required switch/switches out
from behind, disconnect the multi-plug and
remove the switch.
17 Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure.
Centre console switches
18 The switches mounted on the centre
console control the electrically operated
Body electrical systems 12•5
3.1c Component layout on the fuse/relay board. See Specifications for relay
identification
3.1b Withdrawing the fuse/relay board downwards into the driver’s footwell3.1a Method of fuse/relay board retention
A Retaining screws C Support
B Retaining lugs
4.7 Withdraw the lock barrel after
depressing its plunger through the
aperture in the steering column lock
housing (arrowed)12
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windows (early models) and the tailgate
remote release mechanism, where fitted.
19Disconnect the battery negative (earth)
lead (refer to Chapter 5A, Section 1).
20 To remove a switch, carefully prise it from
its location using a thin flat-bladed
screwdriver, then disconnect the multi-plug
(see illustrations) .
21 To refit, connect the multi-plug then push
home to secure.
Heater fan motor control switch
22 Disconnect the battery negative (earth)
lead (refer to Chapter 5A, Section 1).
23 Pull the heater fan motor control knob off,
then move the air distribution and
temperature controls fully to the right. Unclip
and remove the heater slide facia towards the
left-hand side of the vehicle, removing the
slide control knobs only as necessary, and
disconnecting its bulbholder (bayonet type) as
it is withdrawn (see illustration) .
24 Squeeze the two release tabs together on
the heater fan motor control switch, and
remove it, disconnecting its multi-plug as it is
withdrawn.
25 Refit by reversing the removal procedure.
Brake stop-light switch
26The brake stop-light switch is attached to
the brake pedal mounting bracket.
27 Detach the wiring multi-plug from the
switch, then twist the switch through a quarter
of a turn (90º) anticlockwise and withdraw it
from the bracket. 28
Insert the switch into its retainer, press it
lightly against the brake pedal until all free
play is just taken up, then turn the switch
clockwise to secure. Reconnect the switch
wiring connector and the battery.
Handbrake warning light
switch
29 Push the carpet mounding down as
necessary to gain access to the switch,
located on the handbrake lever.
30 Remove the cover, then disconnect the
warning light switch wiring multi-plug (see
illustration) . Undo the two screws securing
the switch to the handbrake lever assembly
and remove the switch.
31 Refit by reversing the removal procedure.
Low brake fluid level warning
light switch
32This is incorporated into the brake fluid
reservoir cap, and senses fluid level in the
reservoir. It cannot be renewed separately
from the cap.
33 To remove, disconnect the warning
indicator loom multi-plug and unscrew the
reservoir cap.
34 Refit by reversing the removal procedure.
Courtesy light switches
35Disconnect the battery negative (earth)
lead (refer to Chapter 5A, Section 1).
36 With the door open, undo the retaining
screw and withdraw the switch from the door
pillar. Pull out the wiring slightly, and tie a piece of string to it, so that it can be retrieved
if it drops down into the door pillar.
37
Disconnect the wiring from the switch.
38 Refitting is a reversal of removal.
Reversing light switch
39Refer to Chapter 7A, Section 6.
Starter inhibitor switch
(automatic transmission)
40Disconnect the battery negative (earth)
lead (refer to Chapter 5A, Section 1).
41 The starter inhibitor switch is located on
the transmission housing, and prevents the
engine from being started with the selector
lever in any position except “P” or “N”.
Access to the switch is gained after raising
and supporting the vehicle at the front end on
axle stands (see “Jacking and vehicle
support” ).
42 Detach the switch multi-plug, then
unscrew and remove the switch from the
transmission, together with its O-ring. As the
switch is removed, catch any fluid spillage in a
suitable container, and plug the switch
aperture in the transmission to prevent any
further loss.
43 Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure. Use a new O-ring, and tighten the
switch securely. Ensure that the wiring
connection is securely made. On completion,
check and if necessary top-up the automatic
transmission fluid (see Chapter 1) then check
that the engine only starts when the selector
is in the “P” or “N” position.
Luggage area contact plate
44 Disconnect the battery negative (earth)
lead (refer to Chapter 5A, Section 1).
45 Open the tailgate and release the contact
plate side retaining clips using a thin-bladed
screwdriver. Push the contact plate from its
location in the body.
46 Disconnect the wiring multi-plug and
remove the plate (see illustration).
47 Refit in the reverse order of removal.
Luggage area contact switch
48Disconnect the battery negative (earth)
lead (refer to Chapter 5A, Section 1).
49 Open the tailgate and remove its inner
trim panel (see Chapter 11).
12•6 Body electrical systems
4.46 Withdrawing the luggage area
contact plate for access to disconnect the
multi-plug4.30 Removing the cover from thehandbrake warning light switch
4.23 Heater fan motor control switch removal4.20b . . . then disconnect its multiplugand remove the switch4.20a Prise the centre console switch up from its location . . .
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50Undo the two screws securing the contact
switch and withdraw it from its tailgate
location.
51 Unclip and disconnect the switch multi-
plug, and disconnect the earth wiring.
Remove the switch.
52 Refit in the reverse order of removal.
Make sure that the pins and their contacts are
clean. On completion, check the operation of
the rear wipers, courtesy light, heated rear
window and the tailgate release/central
locking system.
Electric window switches
(1992 models onward)
53 On later models the electric window
switches are located in the upper surfaces of
the door stowage pockets. Removal and
refitting is the same as for the earlier centre
console mounted switches described
previously in this Section.
5 Bulbs (exterior lights) -
renewal
1
Note: Ensure that all exterior lights are
switched off before disconnecting the wiring
connectors to any exterior light bulbs. Note
that if a bulb fails, and has just been in use, it
will still be extremely hot, particularly in the
case of a headlight bulb.
Headlight
1 From within the engine compartment,
disconnect the multi-plug from the back of the
headlight.
2 Remove the rubber bulb protective cap,
then unlock the bulb retaining spring clip or
retaining ring (according to type) and
withdraw the bulb (see illustrations).
Caution: Take care not to touch the bulb
glass with your fingers - if accidentally
touched, clean the bulb with methylated
spirit. 3
Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure.
Front sidelight
4 The bulbholder is located on the side of the
headlight unit, and is removed by twisting
anti-clockwise and withdrawing from within
the engine compartment.
5 Withdraw the push-fit bulb from its holder.
6 Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure.
Front direction indicator
7 Remove the direction indicator light unit by
releasing the retaining spring from its body
location, then pulling the light assembly
forwards. Disconnect its multi-plug as it is
withdrawn.
8 Turn the bulbholder anti-clockwise and
remove it (see illustration) . The bulb is a
bayonet type fitting in its holder.
9 Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure.
Front direction indicator side
repeater
10 Remove the appropriate front wheel arch
liner as described in Chapter 11.
11 Remove the appropriate sill scuff plate as
described in Chapter 11, and release the clip
securing the insulation to the panel forward of
the lower A-pillar.
12 Disconnect the supply lead connector and the earth lead, then release their grommet
from its panel location.
13
From outside the vehicle, twist the light
assembly to release it, then withdraw it and its
leads (see illustration) .
14 Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure, ensuring that the grommet is
seated correctly in its panel location.
Auxiliary lights
S models
15 Undo the screw at the base of the light,
then withdraw the lens and reflector assembly
from the light housing.
16 Disconnect the wiring then release the
bulb retainer and remove the bulb.
17 Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure.
XR2i models
18 Remove the auxiliary light assembly from
its bumper location, as described in Section 7.
19 Release the bulb retainer, then remove the
bulb (see illustration) .
20 Refitting is a reversal of the removal
procedure.
Rear light cluster (all models
except Courier)
21 Access to the rear light cluster bulbholder
is gained from the luggage compartment.
Disconnect the multi-plug from the
bulbholder, then press the retaining lugs on
Body electrical systems 12•7
5.2b . . . then unlock the headlight bulb retaining spring and withdraw the bulb5.2a Remove the protective cap . . .
5.19 Releasing the auxiliary light bulb retainer (XR2i models)5.13 Removing the direction indicator siderepeater bulbholder assembly
5.8 Remove the front direction indicatorlight bulbholder by turning it anti-
clockwise
A Light unit C Multi-plug
B Bulbholder D Retaining spring12
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