1995 NISSAN ALMERA N15 check oil

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS FORNON-DETECTABLE ITEMS
@K]

Power Steering OilPressure Switch(Cont'd)
@:
ForAustralia

@:
Except forAustralia SEF176R
Repair
harness orcon-
nectors.
CHECK INPUTSIGNAL CIRCUIT. NG
Check thefollowing .
1. Disconnect ECMharness connector.
......---..

•Harness connectors
2. Check harness continuity between
aD,

(MID

ECM terminal
@
or
@
and terminal •
Harness connectors

G).
@,@or@,
Continuity shouldexist.
If
OK, check harness forshort. •
Harness foropen or
OK short
between ECMand
power steering oilpres-
sure switch
If NG, repair harness or
connectors.
CHECK COMPONENT NG
Replace powersteering
(Power steering oilpressure switch).
--...

oilpressure switch.
Refer to"COMPONENT INSPECTION"
below.
OK
Disconnect andreconnect harnesscon-
nectors inthe circuit. Thenretest.
Trouble isnot fixed.
Check ECMpinterminals fordamage or
the connection ofECM harness connec-
tor. Reconnect ECMharness connector
and retest.
@

1

CHECK GROUND CIRCUIT.
1. Turn ignition switch"OFF".
2. Disconnect powersteering oilpres-
sure switch harness connector.
3. Check harness continuity between
terminal
@
and engine ground.
Continuity shouldexist.

AEC760
IfOK, check harness forshort.

~i5
[i

c:ITb

~i5

ECM
Ef
CONNECTOR
II

43 25

II

INSPECTIONEND

Power steering oilpressure switch

1. Disconnect powersteering oilpressure switchharness con-
nector thenstart engine.
2. Check continuity betweenterminals
and
@.

[At

IV
ID

~ COMPONENT
INSPECTION

Conditions
Steering wheelisbeing turned
Steering wheelisnot being turned Continuity

Yes
No
AEC762
IfNG, replace powersteering oilpressure switch.

EC-172

POSITIVECRANKCASE VENTILATION
Description

This system returnsblow-by gastothe intake
manifold collector.
The positive crankcase ventilation (PCV)valveis
provided toconduct crankcase blow-bygastothe
intake manifold.
During partialthrottle operation ofthe engine, the
intake manifold suckstheblow-by gasthrough
the
pev
valve.
Normally, thecapacity ofthe valve issufficient to
handle anyblow-by andasmall amount ofventi-
lating air.
The ventilating airisthen drawn fromtheairduct into
thecrankcase. Inthis process theairpasses
through thehose connecting airinlet tubes to
rocker cover.
Under full-throttle condition,themanifold vacuum
is insufficient todraw theblow-by flowthrough
the valve. Theflow goes through thehose con-
nection inthe reverse direction.
On vehicles withanexcessively highblow-by, the
valve doesnotmeet therequirement. Thisis
because someofthe flow willgothrough the
hose connection tothe intake manifold collector
under allconditions.

Oil separator

q
Freshair
.. Blow-by gas

ct>
Blow-by gasduring
high-load operation Baffle
plate
PCV
valve operation

Engine notrunning
or backfiring Cruising

~~
.0

Idling or Acceleration
or
decelerating high
load

-~--
.~
AEC923
Inspection
PCV (Positive Crankcase Ventilation)

With engine running atidle, remove PCVvalve fromrocker
cover. Aproperly workingvalvemakes ahissing noiseasair
passes through it.Astrong vacuum shouldbefelt immediately
when afinger isplaced overthevalve inlet.

AEC911 VENTILATION HOSE

1. Check hosesandhose connections forleaks.
2. Disconnect allhoses andclean withcompressed air.Ifany
hose cannot befreed ofobstructions, replace.

ET277 EC-240

BASICSERVICE PROCEDURE
Idle Speedllgnition TiminglldleMixtureRatio
Adjustment
PREPARATION

• Make surethatthefollowing partsarein
good order.
(1) Battery
(2) Ignition system
(3) Engine oiland coolant levels
(4) Fuses
(5) ECM harness connector
(6) Vacuum hoses
(7) Airintake system
(Oil filler cap,oillevel gauge, etc.)
(8) Fuel pressure
(9) Engine compression
(10) Throttle valve

Overall inspection sequence

INSPECTION
•
•
•
•
•
•
On
models equipped withairconditioner,
checks shouldbecarried outwhile theair
conditioner is"OFF".
On models equipped withautomatic
transaxle, whenchecking idlespeed, ignition
timing andmixture ratio,checks shouldbe
carried outwhile shiftlever isin "N" position.
When measuring "CO"percentage, insert
probe morethan40cm (15.7 in)into tailpipe.
Turn offheadlamps, heaterblower, rear
defogger. Keep frontwheels pointed straight ahead.
Make thecheck afterthecooling fanhas
stopped.
•

Perform diagnostic testmode II
(Self-diagnostic results).

OK

Check
&
adjust ignition timing.
Check
&
adjust idlespeed.
Check heated oxygen sensor
function. NG
Repair orreplace.
NG Check heated oxygen sensor
harness. NG
Repair orreplace harness.
OK OK
Check CO%. OKReplace heatedoxygen sensor.

NG

INSPECTION END Check
emission controlparts
and repair orreplace ifneces-
sary.

EC-243
NG
Check heated oxygen sensor
function.
OK

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Conl'd)
ACTIVE TESTMODE

TEST ITEM CONDITION JUDGEMENTCHECKITEM(REMEDY)
• Engine: Returntothe original
•Harness andconnector
FUEL INJECTION trouble
condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears,
•Fuel injectors
• Change theamount offuel
seeCHECK ITEM.
•Heated oxygen sensor
injection usingCONSULT .
• Engine: Afterwarming up,idle
IACV-AACIV the
engine.
Enginespeedchanges according •Harness andconnector
OPENING •
Change theIACV-AAC valve
tothe opening percent. •
IACV-AAC valve
opening percentusingCON-
SULT.
• Engine: Returntothe original
•Harness andconnector
ENG COOLANT trouble
condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears, •
Engine coolant temperature
• Change theengine coolant
.

TEMP see
CHECK ITEM. sensor
temperature indicationusing
•Fuel injectors
CONSULT .
• Engine: Returntothe original
trouble condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears,
IGNITION TIMING•Timing light:Set •
Adjust initialignition timing
• Retard theignition timingusingsee
CHECK ITEM.
CONSULT.
• Engine: Afterwarming up,idle •
Harness andconnector
the engine. •
Compression
POWER
•
AIC
switch "OFF"
Enginerunsrough ordies. •
Injectors
BALANCE •
Shift lever "N" •
Power transistor
• Cut offeach injector signalone •
Spark plugs
at atime using CONSULT . •
Ignition coils
• Ignition switch:ON
•Harness andconnector
COOLING FAN•
Turn thecooling fan"ON" andCooling
fanmoves andstops.
•Cooling fanmotor
"OFF" usingCONSULT .
• Ignition switch:ON(Engine
FUEL PUMP stopped)
Fuelpump relaymakes theoper- •
Harness andconnector
RELAY •
Turn thefuel pump relay"ON"
atingsound. •
Fuel pump relay
and "OFF" usingCONSULT
and listen tooperating sound.
EGRC •
Ignition switch:ON
• Turn solenoid valve"ON"and Solenoid
valvemakes anoperat- •
Harness andconnector
SOLENOID "OFF"withtheCONSULT andingsound. •
Solenoid valve
VALVE listentooperating sound.
SELF-LEARNING •
In this test, thecoefficient ofself-learning controlmixture ratioreturns tothe original coefficient by
CONT touching
"CLEAR" onthe screen.

EC-259
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)

FUNCTION TEST
CONDITION
ITEM JUDGEMENT
CHECKITEM(REMEDY)
• Ignition switch:ON
->

START
• Start signal circuit is
tested whenengine is
started byoperating the
starter. Beforecranking,
START SIGNAL batteryvoltage andengine
Startsignal: OFF
->
ON •
Harness andconnector
CIRCUIT coolanttemperature are
•Ignition switch
displayed. During
cranking, averagebattery
voltage, massairflow
sensor outputvoltage and
cranking speedaredis-
.

played .
• Ignition switch:ON
(Engine running)
Lockedposition ON
•Harness andconnector
PW/ST SIGNAL •
Power steering circuitis
•Power steering oilpres-
CIRCUIT tested
whensteering
sureswitch
wheel isrotated fullyand
•Power steering oilpump
then settoastraight lineNeutral
position OFF
running position.
• Vehicle speedsensor cir-
•Harness andconnector
VEHICLE SPEED cuitistested whenvehicle Vehiclespeedsensor inputsignal is
•Vehicle speedsensor
SEN CKT isrunning ataspeed of10 greater than4km/h (2MPH)
•Electric speedometer
km/h (6MPH) orhigher .
• After warming up,idle the
engine. •Adjust ignition timing(by
• Ignition timingadjustment
movingcrankshaft position
is checked byreading Thetiming lightindicates thesame
IGN TIMING ADJ
ignitiontimingwithatim- valueonthe screen. sensor
ordistributor)
ing light andchecking •
Camshaft positionsensor
whether itagrees with drive
mechanism
specifications. •INJECTION SYS(Injector,
fuel pressure regulator,
harness orconnector)
• Air-fuel ratiofeedback cir- •
IGNITION SYS(Spark
cuit (injection system,igni- plug,
power transistor,
ignition coil,harness or
tion system, vacuum
connector)
MIXTURE RATIO system,
etc.)istested byHeated oxygen sensorCOUNT: More
•VACUUM SYS(Intake air
TEST examining
theheated oxy-than
5times during 10seconds
leaks)
gen sensor outputat2,000
•Heated oxygen sensorcir-
rpm under non-loaded
cuit
state. •Heated oxygen sensor
operation
• Fuel pressure highorlow
• Mass airflow sensor

EC-261
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)

FUNCTION TEST
CONDITION JUDGEMENTCHECKITEM(REMEDY)
ITEM
•After warming up,idle the
engine.
• Injector operation ofeach •Injector circuit(Injector,
cylinder isstopped one harness
orconnector)
after another, andresult-
Difference inengine speedisgreater •
Ignition circuit(Spark
ant change inengine rota- plug,
power transistor,
POWER BALANCE
tionisexamined toevalu- than
25rpm before andafter cutting off
ignition coil,harness or
ate combustion ofeach the
injector ofeach cylinder.
connector)
cylinder. (Thisisonly dis- •
Compression
played formodels wherea •
Valve timing
sequential multiportfuel
injection systemisused.)
• After warming up,idle the
•Harness andconnector
engine. •IACV-AAC
valve

• IACV-AAC valvesystem is
Difference inengine speedisgreater •
Air passage restriction
IACV-AACIV testedbydetecting change
than150rpm between whenvalve open- between
airinlet and
SYSTEM inengine speedwhen
ingisat 80% andat20%. IACV-AAC
valve
IACV-AAC valveopening
•IAS (Idle adjusting screw)
is changed to0%,20%
adjustment
and 80%.

EC-262

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS FORDTC21
Ignition Signal
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
Ignition coil
&
power transistor (Builtintodistributor)

The ignition coilisasmall molded type.Theignition signalfrom
the ECM issent tothe power transistor. Thepower transistor
switches onand offthe ignition coilprimary circuit.Asthe pri-
mary circuit isturned onand off,the proper highvoltage is
induced inthe coil secondary circuit.

Diagnostic Trouble
Code No.

21
Malfunction
isdetected when...
• The ignition signalinthe primary circuitisnot sent
to ECM during engine cranking orrunning. Check
Items
(Possible Cause)
• Harness orconnectors
(The ignition primary circuitisopen orshorted.)
• Power transistor unit.
• Resistor
• Camshaft positionsensor
• Camshaft positionsensorcircuit
•

DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLECODECONFIRMATION
PROCEDURE
Note: Ifboth DTC11and 21are displayed, performTROUBLE
DIAGNOSIS FORDTC11first. Refer toEC-289.

(F.I\ 1)Turn ignition switch"ON".
~ 2)Select "DATA MONITOR" modewithCONSULT.
3) Start engine. (Ifengine doesnotrun, turn ignition
switch to"START" foratleast 5seconds.)

---------- OR----------

~ 1)Turn ignition switch"ON".
~ 2)Start engine. (Ifengine doesnotrun, turn ignition
switch to"START" foratleast 5seconds.)
3) Turn ignition switch"OFF", waitatleast 7seconds
and then turn"ON".
4) Perform "Diagnostic TestMode II"(Self-diagnostic
results) withECM.

EC-301

•

Check
thefollowing.
• Harness connectors

QD,@

• Harness connectors

@,@D

• Harness foropen or
short between ignition
coil and ignition switch
If NG, repair harness or
connectors.

Yes

NG

INSPECTION
START

OK

Turn
ignition switch"OFF". andrestart
engine.

Is engine running?
CHECK POWER SUPPLY.

1. Turn ignition switch"OFF".
2. Disconnect ignitioncoilharness con-
nector.
3. Turn ignition switch"ON".
4. Check voltage between terminal

(J)
and ground withCONSULT or
tester.

Voltage: Batteryvoltage
SEF010P
TROUBLE
DIAGNOSIS FORDTe21
Ignition Signal(Cont'd)
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE
CHECK GROUND CIRCUIT.
AEC69a
1.Turn ignition switch"OFF".
2. Disconnect powertransistor harness
connector.
3. Check harness continuity between
terminal
@
and engine ground.

Continuity shouldexist.
If
OK. check harness forshort.

~i5

@a

~ SEF4690

~iv
~i5

II
ECM
'gCONNECTORII
(1!2IffllsI6) CHECK
INPUTSIGNAL CIRCUIT.

1. Disconnect ECMharness connector.
2. Check harness continuity between
ECM terminal
G)
and power transis-
tor terminal
G).
Continuity shouldexist.

If OK. check harness forshort.

OK

CHECK COMPONENTS
(Ignition coil,power transistor).
Refer to"COMPONENT INSPECTION".

EC-305. NG
NG
NG
Repair
harness orcon-
nectors.
Repair harness orcon-
nectors.
Replace malfunctioning
component(s).

OK
SEF4700
Disconnect andreconnect harnesscon-
nectors inthe circuit. Thenretest.
Trouble isnot fixed.
Check ECMpinterminals fordamage
and check theconnection ofECM har-
ness connector. ReconnectECMhar-
ness connector andretest.
INSPECTION END

EC-303