2006 LAND ROVER FRELANDER 2 fuel pump

DT CDescriptionPossible CausesAction
B1D24-15Glow Plug - circui ts hort t o batt ery oropen
Fuel fired boos t er heaterglow pl ug int ernal faultCarry out ci rcuit checks , ins pect t he glow pl ugcables and connect or. Repair t he ci rcuit or checkand ins tal l a new fuel fired boos t er heater glowplug as requi red For addit ional i nformati on,refer t o: Fuel Fired Boost er Heat er Glow PlugAnd Burner Ass embly (412-02B Auxil iary Cli mateCont rol , Removal and Ins t allat ion).Usi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)Check for st ored di agnos ti c troubl e codesCheck for correct operat ion
B1D25-11Heater Fuel Pump -circuit short toground
Heat er fuel pump circui ts hort to groundHeat er fuel pump failure
Refer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagrams andcheck t he fuel fi red boos ter heater fuel pumpand ci rcuit for short to groundRepai r the circui t or check and ins t al l a new fuelfi red boos ter heat er fuel pump as requiredFor addit ional informati on, refer t o: Fuel FiredBoos t er Heat er Fuel Pump (412-02B Auxi li aryClimate Cont rol, Removal and Ins tal lat ion).Usi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)Check for st ored di agnos ti c troubl e codesCheck for correct operat ion
B1D25-15Heater Fuel Pump -circuit short tobatt ery or open
Heat er fuel pump circui ts hort to power, open ci rcuitHeat er fuel pump failure
Refer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagrams andcheck t he fuel fi red boos ter heater fuel pumpand ci rcuit for short to power, open ci rcuitRepai r the circui t or check and ins t al l a new fuelfi red boos ter heat er fuel pump as requiredFor addit ional informati on, refer t o: Fuel FiredBoos t er Heat er Fuel Pump (412-02B Auxi li aryClimate Cont rol, Removal and Ins tal lat ion).Usi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)Check for st ored di agnos ti c troubl e codesCheck for correct operat ion
B1D26-11Combust ion Ai rBlower - circui t shortt o ground
Fuel fired boos t er heatermodule failureUsi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)If t he diagnost ic troubl e code reoccurs checkand ins tal l a new fuel fired boos t er heatermodul e as requi redFor addit ional informati on, refer t o: Fuel FiredBoos t er Heat er (412-02B Auxil iary Climat eCont rol , Removal and Ins t allat ion).Refer to the warrant y policy and proceduresmanual , or det ermi ne if any prior approvalprogramme is in operat ion, pri or t o t heins tal lati on of a new modul e/component
B1D26-15Combust ion Ai rBlower - circui t shortt o batt ery or open
Fuel fired boos t er heatermodule failureUsi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)If t he diagnost ic troubl e code reoccurs checkand ins tal l a new fuel fired boos t er heatermodul e as requi redFor addit ional informati on, refer t o: Fuel FiredBoos t er Heat er (412-02B Auxil iary Climat eCont rol , Removal and Ins t allat ion).Refer to the warrant y policy and proceduresmanual , or det ermi ne if any prior approvalprogramme is in operat ion, pri or t o t heins tal lati on of a new modul e/component
B1D26-92Combust ion Ai rBlower - performanceor incorrectoperati on
Fuel fired boos t er heatermodule failureUsi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)

DT CDescriptionPossible CausesAction
Check for reoccurrence of t he diagnost ic troubl ecodeIf t he diagnost ic troubl e code reoccurs checkand ins tal l a new fuel fired boos t er heatermodul e as requi redFor addit ional informati on, refer t o: Fuel FiredBoos t er Heat er (412-02B Auxil iary Climat eCont rol , Removal and Ins t allat ion).Refer to the warrant y policy and proceduresmanual , or det ermi ne if any prior approvalprogramme is in operat ion, pri or t o t heins tal lati on of a new modul e/component
B1D26-93Combust ion Ai rBlower - nooperati on
Fuel fired boos t er heatermodule failureUsi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)Check for reoccurrence of t he diagnost ic troubl ecodeIf t he diagnost ic troubl e code reoccurs checkand ins tal l a new fuel fired boos t er heatermodul e as requi redFor addit ional informati on, refer t o: Fuel FiredBoos t er Heat er (412-02B Auxil iary Climat eCont rol , Removal and Ins t allat ion).Refer to the warrant y policy and proceduresmanual , or det ermi ne if any prior approvalprogramme is in operat ion, pri or t o t heins tal lati on of a new modul e/component
B1D27-11Heater Coolant Pump- circui t short toground
Heat er cool ant pump ci rcuits hort to groundHeat er cool ant pump fail ure
Refer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagrams andcheck t he fuel fi red boos ter heater water pumpand ci rcuit for short to groundRepai r the circui t or check and ins t al l a new fuelfi red boos ter heat er water pump as requi redFor addit ional informati on, refer t o: Fuel FiredBoos t er Heat er Cool ant Pump (412-02BAuxi liary Cli mate Cont rol , Removal andIns tal lat ion).Usi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)Check for st ored di agnos ti c troubl e codesCheck for correct operat ion
B1D27-15Heater Coolant Pump- circui t short tobatt ery or open
Heat er cool ant pump ci rcuits hort to power, open ci rcuitHeat er cool ant pump fail ure
Refer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagrams andcheck t he fuel fi red boos ter heater water pumpand ci rcuit for short to power, open ci rcuitRepai r the circui t or check and ins t al l a new fuelfi red boos ter heat er water pump as requi redFor addit ional informati on, refer t o: Fuel FiredBoos t er Heat er Cool ant Pump (412-02BAuxi liary Cli mate Cont rol , Removal andIns tal lat ion).Usi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)Check for st ored di agnos ti c troubl e codesCheck for correct operat ion
B1D28-11Fuel Pre-heater -circuit short toground
• NOTE: The pre heat i s performedby the ignit ion gl ow plug
Fuel fired boos t er heaterglow pl ug int ernal fault
Carry out ci rcuit checks , ins pect t he glow pl ugcables and connect orCheck and i ns t all a new fuel fi red boost erheat er glow plug as requi red For addi ti onalinformati on, refer t o: Fuel Fired Boos t er Heat erGlow Pl ug And Burner As sembl y (412-02BAuxi liary Cli mate Cont rol , Removal andIns tal lat ion).Usi ng t he manufacturer approved diagnost icsys t em, record t hen clear any st ored di agnos ti ctroubl e codes t hen conduct the fuel fi redboos t er heater operation test (Set up andconfigurat ion/auxili ary heat er/operat ion t es t)Check for st ored di agnos ti c troubl e codesCheck for correct operat ion

Publi shed: 06-Jul-2011
General Information - Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) IndexDTC: Body
Control Module (BCM)
Des cript ion and Operat ion
• NOTE: If a cont rol module or component i s s uspect and the vehicl e remai ns under manufacturer warrant y, refer t o t heW arranty Pol icy and Procedures manual (s ect ion B1.2), or determine i f any pri or approval program is i n operat ion, beforet he replacement of a component.
• NOTE: Generic scan t ool s may not read the codes li st ed, or may read only 5-digi t codes . Match t he 5 digi ts from t he s cant ool t o t he fi rs t 5 di gi ts of the 7-digit code li s ted t o i dent ify the fault (the last 2 digi ts gi ve ext ra informati on read by themanufacturer-approved di agnos ti c s ys t em).
• NOTE: W hen performing volt age or res is t ance t est s , always use a digi tal mult imeter (DMM) accurat e t o t hree deci malplaces, and wi th an up-t o-date cal ibrat ion cert ificate. W hen tes ti ng res is t ance al ways take t he res is t ance of t he DMMleads i nt o account .
• NOTE: Check and recti fy bas ic faul ts before beginni ng diagnos t ic rout ines i nvol vi ng pinpoint t es t s.
• NOTE: Ins pect connect ors for s igns of water ingres s , and pins for damage and/or corros ion.
• NOTE: If DTCs are recorded and, aft er performi ng the pi npoi nt tes ts , a fault is not present , an int ermi tt ent concern maybe t he caus e. Always check for loose connect ions and corroded terminals .
For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Communicati ons Net work (418-00 Modul e Communicati ons Net work, Des cript ion andOperat ion).
Body control module (BC M)
DT CDescriptionPossible CauseAction
B100A-11Fuel PumpAuthoris ati on - ci rcuits hort t o ground
Fuel pump authori s at ionci rcuit - s hort t o groundRefer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check fuel pumpaut hori sat ion circui t for s hort t o ground
B100A-15Fuel PumpAuthoris ati on - ci rcuits hort t o power oropen
Fuel pump authori s at ionci rcuit - s hort t o power,open circui t
Refer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check fuel pumpaut hori sat ion circui t for s hort t o power, open circui t
B1024-08Trans ponder - Buss ignal/Mess ageFailures
Trans ponder - Buss i gnal /mes s age fail uresCarry out the pi npoint t es ts as s oci at ed t o t his DTCusi ng t he manufact urer approved diagnost ic s ys tem
B1024-51Start Cont rol Uni t -not programmedSt art control uni t - notconfi guredRe-configure the st art control uni t usi ng themanufacturer approved diagnost ic sys tem
B1024-81Start Cont rol unit -invali d s eri al dat areceived
Inval id serial data recei vedCarry out the pi npoint t es ts as s oci at ed t o t his DTCusi ng t he manufact urer approved diagnost ic s ys tem
B1024-87Start cont rol unit -mi ss i ng mes sageMis si ng mes s ageCarry out the pi npoint t es ts as s oci at ed t o t his DTCusi ng t he manufact urer approved diagnost ic s ys tem
B1024-96Start cont rol unit -component int ernalfai lure
Internal fail ureIns t al l a new s t art cont rol unit , refer to newmodule/component i nst all at ion not e at t he top of t heDTC IndexB1025-81Trans ponder - invali ds eri al dat aInval id serial data recei vedCarry out the pi npoint t es ts as s oci at ed t o t his DTCusi ng t he manufact urer approved diagnost ic s ys temB1026-08Steering Column Lock- Bus Signal/Mes sageFailures
St eering col umn lock - Buss i gnal /mes s age fail uresCarry out the pi npoint t es ts as s oci at ed t o t his DTCusi ng t he manufact urer approved diagnost ic s ys tem
B1026-51Steering Column Lock- not programmedSt eering col umn lock - notconfi guredRe-configure the st eeri ng col umn lock us ing t hemanufacturer approved diagnost ic sys tem
B1026-52Steering Column Lock- not act ivat edRequest to enable thes t eering column locks upply not approved
Check LIN circui t bet ween s teering column l ock and CJB
B1026-71Steering Column Lock- actuator s t uckShould be set i f the SCL isunable to reach locked andO K posi ti on
Carry out the pi npoint t es ts as s oci at ed t o t his DTCusi ng t he manufact urer approved diagnost ic s ys tem
B1026-82Steering Column LockSt eering col umn locki ncorrectl y programmedIns t al l a new s t eering column lock
B1026-92Steering Column Lock- performance orincorrect operat ion
Micro s wi tch/s ens or faultCarry out the pi npoint t es ts as s oci at ed t o t his DTCusi ng t he manufact urer approved diagnost ic s ys tem
B1026-94Steering Column Lock- unexpectedoperati on
St atus mes s ages arerecei ved from t he SCLwhen SCL should be turnedoff
Carry out the pi npoint t es ts as s oci at ed t o t his DTCusi ng t he manufact urer approved diagnost ic s ys tem
B1026-96Steering Column Lock- component i nt ernalfai lure
Internal fail ureIns t al l a new s t eering column lock, refer t o t he newmodule/component i nst all at ion not e at t he top of t heDTC Index

DT CDescriptionPossible CauseAction
B10AD-04Rain Sens or - Sys t emInt ernal FailureInternal s ens or fail ureIns t al l a new rain s ens or, refer to newmodule/component i nst all at ion not e at t he top of t heDTC Index
B10AD-09Rain Sens or -Component Fail uresRai n s ens or incorrect lyi nst all edRai n s ens or int ernal fail ure
Check for correct ins tal lati on of rai n s ens or. Ins tall anew s ens or as requi red, refer t o newmodule/component i nst all at ion not e at t he top of t heDTC Index
B10BE-11Solar Sens or - circui ts hort t o groundSunload s ens or circui t -s hort t o groundRefer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check s unl oads ens or for s hort t o ground
B10BE-13Solar Sens or - opencircui tSunload s ens or circui t -open circui tRefer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check s unl oads ens or for open circuit
B10C0-12Fuel Pump PowerSuppl y - circui t shortt o power
Fuel pump power supplyci rcuit - s hort t o powerRefer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check fuel pumppower s upply circui t for s hort t o power
B10C0-14Fuel Pump PowerSuppl y - circui t shortt o ground or open
Fuel pump power supplyci rcuit - s hort t o ground,open circui t
Refer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check fuel pumppower s upply circui t for s hort t o ground, open ci rcuit
B10D7-94PATS Key -unexpected operat ionNo res pons e fromt rans ponder i n keyRepl ace key
B10E5-11PCM wake-up si gnal -circui t short to groundEngine Cont rol Module(ECM) wake-up s ignalci rcuit - s hort t o ground
Refer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check ECMwake-up s ignal ci rcuit for short to ground
B10E5-15PCM wake-up si gnal -circui t short to poweror open
Engine Cont rol Module(ECM) wake-up s ignalci rcuit - s hort t o power,open circui t
Refer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check ECMwake-up s ignal ci rcuit for short to power, open circui t
B10E7-12Igni ti on On Relay -circui t short to powerEJB i gni ti on On relaycontrol ci rcuit - s hort t opower
Refer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check EJBignit ion relay control ci rcuit for s hort t o power
B10E7-14Igni ti on On Relay -circui t short to groundor open
EJB i gni ti on On relaycontrol ci rcuit - s hort t oground, open circuit
Refer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check EJBignit ion relay control ci rcuit for s hort t o ground, openci rcuit
B10EA-12Posi ti ve t emperaturecoeffi ci ent heat er -circui t short to power
Pos it ive t emperat urecoefficient heater circuit -s hort t o power
Refer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check posi ti vetemperat ure coeffici ent heater circui t for s hort t o power
B10EA-14Posi ti ve t emperaturecoeffi ci ent heat er -circui t short to groundor open
Pos it ive t emperat urecoefficient heater circuit -s hort t o ground, openci rcuit
Refer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check posi ti vetemperat ure coeffici ent heater circui t for s hort t oground, open circui t
B10EB-77Driver door doubl elocking mot or -commanded pos i ti onnot reachabl e
Incorrect feedback fromDDMCheck for Los t Communicati ons DTCs and carry outass ociated pi npoi nt tes t us ing manufacturer approveddiagnos t ic s ys tem. If no los t communicati on DTC, checkdoubl e locking mechani s m for mechanical fail ureB10EC-77Pass enger doordoubl e l ocking mot or- commanded pos i ti onnot reachabl e
Incorrect feedback fromPDMCheck for Los t Communicati ons DTCs and carry outass ociated pi npoi nt tes t us ing manufacturer approveddiagnos t ic s ys tem. If no los t communicati on DTC, checkdoubl e locking mechani s m for mechanical fail ureB10ED-77Rear door dri ver s i dedoubl e l ocking mot or- commanded pos i ti onnot reachabl e
Incorrect feedback fromrear door dri ver s i deCheck DDM for Los t Communicat ions DTCs and carryout as s oci ated pi npoi nt t es t usi ng manufacturerapproved di agnos ti c s yst em. If no los t communi cat ionDTC, Carry out t he pinpoint t est s as sociat ed t o thi sDTC us ing t he manufacturer approved diagnos ti cs ys t em, check doubl e locking mechanis m formechanical fai lure
B10EE-77Rear door pas sengers ide double l ocki ngmot or - commandedposi ti on notreachabl e
Incorrect feedback fromrear door pas senger si deCheck PDM for Lost Communi cat ions DTCs and carry outass ociated pi npoi nt tes t us ing manufacturer approveddiagnos t ic s ys tem. If no los t communicati on DTC, Carryout the pi npoint t es ts as s oci at ed t o t his DTC us ing themanufacturer approved diagnost ic sys tem, check doublelocki ng mechani sm for mechanical fail ureB10EF-12Sunroof Speed Out put- circui t short topower
Sunroof s peed out putci rcuit - s hort t o powerRefer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check s unroofs peed out put circui t for s hort t o power
B10EF-14Sunroof Speed Out put- circui t short toground or open
Sunroof s peed out putci rcuit - s hort t o ground,open circui t
Refer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check s unroofs peed out put circui t for s hort t o ground, open ci rcuit
B10F2-12Sunroof cont rol -circui t short to powerSunroof cont rol circui t -s hort t o powerRefer to electrical ci rcuit diagrams and check s unroofcont rol circuit for s hort to power

DT CDescriptionPossible CauseAction
s t uck clos ed
P0088-22Fuel Rail /Sys tem Pres s ure -Too High• NO TE: - Ci rcuit I_A_RALPS -
Leaki ng fuel s yst emVolume cont rol valvecircui t s hort ci rcuit t oground, open ci rcuitVolume cont rol valve s tuckopen
Check for fuel leaksRefer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagramsand check volume control val ve ci rcuitfor s hort circui t to ground, open circui tCheck and i ns t all a new hi gh pres s urefuel pump as requi red. Refer to thewarrant y poli cy and procedures manual,or det ermi ne if any prior approvalprogramme is in operat ion, pri or t o t heins tal lati on of a new modul e/component
P0088-24Fuel Rail /Sys tem Pres s ure -Too High - Si gnal s t uck hi ghLeaki ng fuel s yst emPres s ure control val ves t uckPres s ure control val vecircui t s hort ci rcuit t oground, s hort circuit t opower, open circui t
Check for fuel leaksRefer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagramsand check pres s ure control valve ci rcuitfor s hort circui t to ground, s hort circui tto power, open ci rcuitCheck and i ns t all new pres s ure controlval ve as required. Refer to t he warrantypol icy and procedures manual, ordet ermine i f any prior approvalprogramme is in operat ion, pri or t o t heins tal lati on of a new modul e/component
P0088-27Fuel Rail /Sys tem Pres s ure -Too High - Si gnal rate ofchange above threshold
Leak in hi gh pres s ures ect ionInjector nozzl e s tuckopen/wornW orn hi gh pres sure pump,fil ter blockedLeaki ng pres s ure controlvalveLow press ure sect ionpres s ure low (leak i ns yst em, pump out put l ow)
Check for fuel leaks in hi gh and lowpres sure s yst emsUsi ng t he manufacturer approveddiagnos t ic s yst em, check for relat edDTCs and refer t o t he rel evant DTCindex
P0089-62Fuel Pres s ure Regulat orPerformance - Signal comparefai lure
Fuel low press ure del iverys yst emFuel press ure cont rol valveexceeded t olerancet hres hol d
Check fuel l ow pres s ure del ivery s ys temCheck and i ns t all a new fuel pres surecont rol val ve as required. Refer to thewarrant y poli cy and procedures manual,or det ermi ne if any prior approvalprogramme is in operat ion, pri or t o t heins tal lati on of a new modul e/component
P0089-64Fuel Pres s ure Regulat orPerformance - Signalplaus ibil it y fai lure
Fuel low press ure del iverys yst emFuel press ure cont rol valveexceeded t olerancet hres hol d
Check fuel l ow pres s ure del ivery s ys temCheck and i ns t all a new fuel pres surecont rol val ve as required. Refer to thewarrant y poli cy and procedures manual,or det ermi ne if any prior approvalprogramme is in operat ion, pri or t o t heins tal lati on of a new modul e/component
P0097-00Int ake Air Temperat ureSens or 2 Ci rcuit Low - No s ubt ype i nformati on
• NO TE: - Ci rcuit I_A_IATS -
Intake air t emperat ures ensor s hort circui t toground
Refer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagramsand check int ake air t emperature s ens orfor s hort circui t to groundCarry out t he pinpoint t est s as s oci at edwit h t his DTC us ing the manufact urerapproved di agnos ti c s ys t em
P0098-00Int ake Air Temperat ureSens or 2 Ci rcuit Hi gh - No s ubt ype i nformati on
• NO TE: - Ci rcuit I_A_IATS -
Intake air t emperat ures ensor s hort circui t topower
Refer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagramsand check int ake air t emperature s ens orfor s hort circui t to powerCarry out t he pinpoint t est s as s oci at edwit h t his DTC us ing the manufact urerapproved di agnos ti c s ys t em
P009B-00Fuel Pres s ure Rel ief ControlCircui t/Open - No s ub t ypeinformat ion
• NO TE: - Ci rcuit O_T_PCV -
Pres s ure control val vecontrol circui t open ci rcuit
Refer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagramsand check pres s ure control valve ci rcuitfor open circuitCarry out t he pinpoint t est s as s oci at edwit h t his DTC us ing the manufact urerapproved di agnos ti c s ys t em
P009C-00Fuel Pres s ure Rel ief ControlCircui t Low - No s ub t ypeinformat ion
• NO TE: - Ci rcuit O_T_PCV -
Pres s ure control val vecontrol circui t s hort circuitt o ground
Refer to the el ect ri cal circui t diagramsand check pres s ure control valve ci rcuitfor s hort circui t to groundCarry out t he pinpoint t est s as s oci at edwit h t his DTC us ing the manufact urerapproved di agnos ti c s ys t em

Not s ens it ive to brake tes ti ng on a chas si s dynamomet er.
Generati on 4 Acti ve On-Demand Coupli ng - Vehicles from 2009MY
The generati on 4 coupl ing does not have the di fferenti al s peed dri ven pump used on the previ ous generat ion 3coupl ing, but i s fit ted wi th a bigger capacit y electrically operated axial pump and a hi gh pres s ure accumul ator.The proport ional throt t le valve and press ure s ens or on t he generat ion 3 coupli ng is replaced wit h a proport ionalpres s ure reducing val ve.The t orque li mit er pres sure reducing valve on the generat ion 3 coupli ng is replaced by an electroni c cont rol valveand cont rol ling software.
The generati on 4 acti ve on-demand coupli ng gives t he fol lowing improvements over t he previous generati on 3 coupl ing:
Reduced bas e t orque at high different ial s peedsTorque acti vat ion i s now i ndependent of different ial s peedAccurat e t orque l imi ter cont rolEnergy s tored in hi gh pres s ure accumul ator givi ng a low maximum current consumpt ion of t he electric pump andfas t er res pons e.
Control Module - G eneration 3 and 4 Couplings
The cont rol module, at tached to the cas ing of t he act ive on-demand coupling, forms a s ingle unit wit h t he cont rolvalve/axial s ol enoi d. By anal yzi ng informat ion from other vehi cl e modules and s ensors t he cont rol module regul ates t heaxial sol enoi d t o cont rol t he hydraul ic flui d pres s ure s uppl ied t o t he clut ch pl ates. Some of t he modul es and s ens ors thecont rol module communi cat es wit h are li s ted below:
Hardwi red:- Control valve / axi al s olenoid- Electric hydrauli c pump- Oi l press ure and temperat ure sens orHigh speed CAN (cont rol ler area net work):- Engine cont rol module- Anti -l ock brake s ys t em / t racti on cont rol module- Tracti on res ponse swit ch- Y aw rate sens or- Steering wheel rot at ion sens or
The axial sol enoi d cons t ant ly adjust s t he cont rol valve output us ing a Pul se W i dt h Modulat ion (PW M) s i gnal. The flui dpres s ure deli vered t o t he cl utch plat es determines t he amount of t orque t hat is delivered t o t he rear axl e.
The act ive on-demand coupli ng has int egrated oi l press ure and temperature s ens ors to enable the control modul e t oaccurat ely manage t he t orque t ransfer under all environment al and operat ing condit ions . Usi ng thes e s ignals the controlmodule will us e s t rategi es to protect the coupli ng from overheati ng; in extreme cas es to protect t he coupli ng from damaget he coupli ng wil l dis engage i f the t emperat ure of t he hydraul ic flui d exceeds 105°C. The coupl ing wi ll ret urn to normalfuncti onal it y when t he temperat ure fall s below 101°C.
The cont rol module has an int egrated di agnos ti cs sys tem, whi ch cons tant ly moni tors the act ive on-demand couplings ys t em as wel l as it s input and output s ignals . If t he control modul e detects a fault a Diagnost ic Troubl e Code (DTC) i ss tored. The DTC is acces s ed usi ng t he Land Rover approved di agnos t ic s yst em.
Electric Hydraulic Pump
W hen negoti ati ng very low frict ion s urfaces s uch as wet gras s , snow or i ce; i nit ial wheel -s pin can cut i nt o t he s urface andreduce gri p. W it h a re-act ive on-demand coupl ing, almos t 60 degrees of wheel rotat ion woul d occur before torque could bet ransmit ted t hrough t he coupl ing.
On Generat ion 3 coupli ngs , t o count eract thi s Land Rover devel oped a uni que high-pres s ure pre-charge faci li ty whi chenergizes t he hydraul ic circui t as s oon as the engi ne is s t art ed. Es s ent ial ly an el ect ri cal ly operat ed hydraul ic pump wasdesi gned to maintai n a pot ent ial of 500 Nm (369 l b ft ) of t orque pres s ure wi thi n the coupli ng. (This pre-charge t orquecapacit y has been increas ed to 1500Nm (1106 l b ft ) for t he Generat ion 4 coupli ng.)
Vehicles fit ted wi th Terrai n Res pons e als o add furt her benefi ts by varying t he level of pre-charge t o deli ver opti mumt racti on over a range of di fferent t errai n s urfaces . The level of pre-charge is varied dependi ng on t he part icul ar terrainres ponse mode, for exampl e:
Terrai n respons e in 'Speci al Programs Off' mode as common wit h vehi cl es wit hout terrain res pons e, the coupli ng isprogrammed t o transmit 500 Nm 369 lb ft of t orque on Generat ion 3 couplings and 1500 Nm (1106 l b ft) of t orqueon Generat ion 4 couplings t o t he rear axle when the vehicle moves from res t i n a s t raight l ine. Thi s s trategymi ni mi zes t ract ion l os s from a s t andi ng-s tart regardles s of t he terrain. W hen the vehicle accelerat es the pres surein the coupling is decreas ed to improve fuel economy.The abili ty to sens e t he s teeri ng angl e all ows t he coupli ng t o be programmed t o provide no torque trans fer t hrought he coupli ng. This prevent s t he coupli ng locking when t he vehicle i s maneuvring at low s peeds and acute s teeri ngangl es.In 'Grass / Gravel / Snow' mode t he coupl ing i s programmed to maint ai n i ts pre-charge s t at e unt il much highers peeds are obtained. The s ame applies even i f the vehicle is t raveli ng at low speeds and acut e s t eering angles , ast racti on takes precedence over coupli ng lock-up on l ow-fri ct ion s urfaces .
For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Ride and Handli ng Opti mizat ion (204-06 Ride and Handli ng Opt imi zat ion, Descripti onand Operat ion).
Mechanical Hydraulic Pump - Generation 3 Couplings - Vehicles up to 2009MY
The dri ves haft i s att ached t o t he coupl ing's front clut ch pl ate as s embly (i nput ), with the rear cl ut ch plat e as sembl yconnected t o t he different ial pini on (out put ). A s was h-pl ate wit h 6 hydrauli c rol lers is al so att ached t o t he different ialpinion. W hen there is no s peed difference bet ween the coupling's input and out put, the rol lers do not funct ion.

However, when the front and rear axl es st art t o rotat e at different s peeds , t he s wash-pl ate rot at es rel ati ve to the roll erswhich generat es the hydrauli c pres s ure. Thi s pres s ure i s us ed to force the opposi ng clut ch pl ates t oget her, i ncreas ing thet ransmis s ion of t orque t o the rear axl e. As the di fference in axl e s peed i ncreases the hydrauli c pres sure pushes t he clut chplat es further together t o increas e t he t orque to the rear axl e.
A control val ve/axi al s olenoid cont rols the amount of pres s ure appli ed to the clut ch plat es , and hence the amount oft orque transmit ted t o t he rear wheels . Clos e manufact uring t olerances and except ional ly low component wear ens uret orque cont rol remai ns accurat e t hroughout t he vehi cl e's l ife.
Mechanical Hydraulic Pump - Generation 4 Couplings - Vehicles from 2009MY
The Generati on 4 coupl ing does not us e the swas h pl at e t o mechanical ly rais e hydrauli c pres s ure; ins tead, a new hydraul icpump i s used to generat e hydrauli c pres sure and force the cl utch plat es toget her. The removal of t he s was h plat e all ows alarger overal l cl ut ch plat e s urface area, whi ch in t urn reduces t he hydrauli c pres sure requi rement. The press ure required toachi eve 1500Nm (1106 l b ft ) has been reduced from 100 Bar for Generat ion 3 coupli ngs to 40 Bar for Generati on 4coupl ings.
The posi ti oni ng of the Generat ion 4 coupl ing's i nput and output remains t he s ame as t he Generati on 3 coupl ing, asdescribed above.
By-pass Valve
On very low fricti on s urfaces, driveli ne drag t orque can occur, for exampl e:
revers e t orque from engi ne braking, orforced movement of t he dri ves haft by t he front wheel s .
This can i nfluence rear wheel s peed, maki ng it i mpos si ble t o determine the t rue fricti on capabil it y of the rear wheel s, bydis t orti ng t he wheel s peed s ignal. To prevent thi s, t he acti ve on-demand coupli ng is des i gned t o open i mmediat el y inres ponse to a s tabil it y cont rol event . This i s achi eved by a by-pass val ve ins tant ly reducing sys tem pres s ure t o nomi nal .
To balance the 4 bar bas e press ure (s ee below for detai ls ), t he Generati on 3 coupling us es a large Bel levill e s pri ng to forcet he cl utch plat es clear of each ot her t o prevent torque transmis si on t hrough the coupli ng. Even at 0°C, t orque t rans mis s ionis reduced from 300 Nm to Zero wi thi n 10 ms . The Generat ion 4 coupling however, does not require a Bel lvil le s pri ng t os eparate t he plat es as t he coupli ng does not have a si gni fi cant bas e pres s ure pus hi ng t he plates together.
Accumulator
The further t he cl utch pl at es have to move in order to contact each other, t he longer it t akes to di spl ace the hydrauli c fl uidneces s ary t o buil d pres s ure and t rans mit torque. To count er thi s, t he Generati on 3 coupling incorporates an accumulat or.This retains a nominal 4 bar pres sure wi thin the hydraul ic circui t. Al though thi s is not enough pres sure t o caus e s i gni fi cantt orque transmis s ion t hrough the coupli ng, i t forces t he plat es very clos e t oget her so that very l it tl e fluid di s pl acement i srequired t o achi eve full engagement and maxi mum t orque t rans fer. Ful l torque t rans miss i on can be achieved i n 150 ms .
On Generat ion 4 coupli ngs , t he 150ms act ivat ion t ime is achieved through the us e of a Bel lvil le s pri ng t hat acts to pus ht he plates t ogether (wi thout caus i ng si gnifi cant t orque t rans mis s ion t hrough t he coupl ing). As t he pump i s notcont inuousl y us ed to create t his bas e pres s ure (as i t was wit h Generat ion 3 coupli ng), improvement s i n fuel economy havebeen achi eved.
Wet Clutch Pack
The clutch pack is made up of 7 pairs of plat es ; t he inner dis cs are produced from hardened st eel wit h t he out er dis csmanufactured from s t eel wi th a s int ered face. The clutch pl ates operat e in trans mi s si on fl uid.
Torque t rans mis s ion acros s t he clutch pack is li mit ed t o 1500 Nm (1106 lb ft ). This ens ures t he l ower gears ret ai n anelement of front-wheel -drive for t ract ion s t abi lit y. W i thin the hi gher gears the coupl ing i s t heoreti call y capabl e oft ransmit ti ng all t he dri ve to the rear axle; al though condit ions woul d have to be ext reme for t his t o occur.
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
Generation 3 Couplings - up to 2009MY
An i nt ernal electroni cal ly-controll ed pump provides hydrauli c pre-charge pres sure wit hin the coupling. The pre-chargepres s ure s upplies t he requi red operat ing pres s ure to the clut ch plates to el imi nat e i nit ial wheel -s pin as the vehicleaccelerates from s tandst il l.
In conjunct ion wi th the pre-charge pres s ure a mechanical hydraul ic pump operates wi thi n the cl utch plat es to s upply thecoupl ing's mai n hydraulic operat ing pres sure. The mechanical pump is funct ioned by the 'i nput ' and 'output' of t he coupli ng:
input - dri ves haft connect ion from the front axle,output - different ial connecti on to the rear axl e.
Any s peed di fference bet ween t he front and rear axl es wil l st art t he operat ion of t he mechanical hydraul ic pump. Theamount of hydrauli c pres s ure appli ed to the cl ut ch pack by the pump det ermines the gap bet ween t he cl utch plat es. Forexampl e, the great er the hydraul ic pres s ure, t he s maller t he gap between t he plat es and s ubs equent ly t he great er thet orque transmit ted t hrough t he coupli ng from the front axle t o t he rear axle.
This mai n hydrauli c pres sure is des i gned t o t rans mit the t orque for tract ion demands of off-road drivi ng, and t o provi delock-up as requi red.
Generation 4 Couplings - from 2009MY
The Generati on 4 coupl ing s t il l us es an el ect ri cal ly-controlled pump to provide hydrauli c pre-charge to el imi nat e wheel-s pinfrom st ands t il l; however, the s ame pump is al s o used to provi de t he coupli ng's mai n hydraul ic operat ing press ure.

10 s econds .
W it h the engi ne at idle, s lowl y turn t he s teeri ng wheel and
hold on full l ock. Record t he pres s ure readi ng.

Repeat t he above procedure for t he other s ide. Record t he pres s ure readi ng.16.
W it h the engi ne at idle, rel ease the s t eering wheel. The press ure
s houl d be, at or bel ow, the pres s ure specified.
17.
Pres s ure out si de t hi s t olerance, i ndicat es a fault .
18.
19. CAUTION: Pump damage wi ll occur if t he t est valve is
clos ed for l onger peri ods .
To det ermi ne if t he fault is i n t he st eeri ng pump or the st eeri ng
rack, clos e the tes t val ve for a maxi mum of 5 s econds.
19.
If the press ures recorded fal l out s ide t he given values, replace the
power st eeri ng pump.
20.
If the maxi mum pump pres sure i s correct, t hen s uspect the power
s teering rack.
21.
22. CAUTION: Dis card flui d s iphoned from t he power st eeri ng
s yst em.
On compl et ion of t he t est s t op the engi ne, dis connect t he bat t ery
ground cable and s i phon t he fluid from t he power st eering res ervoir.
22.
Di sas s emble t he t es t equipment .
23.
Clean t he component mat ing faces . Inst all a new O-ring s eal.
Connect t he high-press ure li ne to the power s teeri ng pump.
T orque:
22 Nm 24.
Secure t he power s t eering hi gh pres s ure pi pe support bracket.
25.
Secure t he fuel li nes to the power s teeri ng high press ure pipe wi th
new cable t ies .
26.
Inst all t he turbocharger int ake tube.
27.
Inst all t he engi ne cover.
Refer t o: Engi ne Cover - TD4 2.2L Dies el (501-05 Interior Tri m and
Ornament ati on, Removal and Ins tal lat ion).
28.
Connect t he batt ery ground cable.
Refer t o: Specificati ons (414-00 Bat tery and Charging Sys tem -
General Informat ion, Specificati ons).
29.
30. CAUTION: Only us e new fl uid from a s ealed container.
Refi ll and bleed t he power st eeri ng.
30.