2006 LAND ROVER FRELANDER 2 engine

2-Gas ket
3-Coolant pump
The cent ri fugal type coolant pump is mount ed at t he front of t he engine and s ecured wit h 7 bol ts . The pump i s direct lydri ven by the t oothed cams haft belt and circul ates coolant through t he cylinder block and cyl inder head, cool ing s ys temand heat er circuit .
The cool ant pump is able to del iver cool ant at a rate of 215 lit ers /min (57 US gal lons /min) at 2.8 bar (41 psi ), creat ing amaximum external s yst em press ure of 2.0 bar (30 psi ).
A l arge di amet er cool ant rail located on the Ri ght -Hand (RH) s ide of t he engine connects the rear of t he coolant pumphous i ng to the t hermal control modul e outl et . A connect ion on t he cool ant rail at t he cool ant pump hous ing end provi dest he coolant return from t he EGR cooler.
THERMAL CONTROL MODULE
ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Thermos t at and by-pass val ve
2-Radiat or top hos e connecti on3-Radiat or bot tom hose connect ion
4-Coolant rai l connect ion to coolant pump hous ing
5-Engine Coolant Temperat ure (ECT) sens or6-Degas l ine connecti on
7-Supply t o heater i nl et
The t hermal cont rol module i s mounted to t he rear of t he cyl inder head wit h 2 s t uds and nut s , and 2 bolt s and is s ealedwit h an O-ring. The module compri s es a wax t ype thermos t at wit h by-pas s valve, and an ECT s ens or. Two connect ions ont he Left-Hand (LH) s i de of the module provide t he connecti on for t he radi at or top and bot tom hoses .

The wax-t ype thermost at locates i n t he top hos e connecti on t o t he radiat or. A l arge di ameter connecti on at the RH lowers ide connect s the modul e t o t he coolant rail. Two smal l diamet er out lets on the front of t he module provi de t he connect ionfor a supply hos e t o t he heat er mat rix, and a degas l ine t o t he cool ant reservoi r.
The t hermal cont rol module promotes rapi d warming of t he engine t o normal operat ing t emperature by clos ing t he returncool ant connect ion from the engi ne to the radiator. During the engine warmi ng period, t he thermost at is cl os ed and t heby-pas s val ve is open. The by-pass port all ows cool ant t o circul ate t hrough t he closed engi ne circuit vi a t he coolant pump,climate control heat er ci rcuit and EGR cooler.
As t he cool ant t emperat ure i ncreas es , the t hermos t at is opened and the by-pas s valve i s clos ed. The hot cool ant ret urningfrom the engine i s all owed to fl ow from the t hermal cont rol module to the radiator, through the open t hermos tat and t ophose connect ion. Return cool ant from t he radiat or fl ows through the bot tom hos e connect ion t o t he cool ant pump, via thecool ant rail .
The t hermos tat commences opening at 83°C (181°F), and i s ful ly open at 91°C (196°F).
The ECT s ens or is locat ed i n t he thermal control modul e and s ecured in the hous ing wi th a clip. The ECT s ens or provi desan engine coolant temperat ure si gnal t o t he Engi ne Control Module (ECM). The si gnal i s us ed by the ECM to cont rol t heoperati on of the 2 cool ing fans .For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Electroni c Engi ne Controls - 2.2L Dies el (303-14 El ect ronic Engine Cont rols - 2.2LDies el, Des cript ion and Operat ion).
The ECM al so communi cat es the ECT si gnal on t he high speed Controll er Area Network (CAN) bus t o t he Central Junct ionBox (CJB). The CJB t rans mi ts t he ECT s ignal via t he medium s peed CAN bus to the ins trument cl us t er, for di spl ay on thecool ant t emperat ure gage.For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Ins t rument Clus ter (413-01 Inst rument Cl us t er, Des cript ion and Operat ion).
RADIATOR

ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Radi ator upper s upport bracket
2-Radi ator3-Twin fan cont rol module
4-High s peed ram fl aps (4 off)
5-Fan shroud6-Elect ric fan
7-Radi ator lower s upport bracket
8-Fan motor9-Cool ant drain point
10-Radi ator lower s upport bus h
The radi at or is a ri ght t o l eft cros s -flow type compri si ng an alumi num mat ri x. The bot tom of the radiat or i s l ocated inrubber bus hes , and support ed by a s t eel bracket s crewed to the body l ongi tudinal end plates . The t op of the radiator i slocated i n rubber bushes and i s s ecured by bracket s at tached to the hood l ocking pl at form.
A hos e connecti on on each s ide of t he radiat or provi des the at t achment for t he t op and bot t om hos e. A s mall diamet erport i n t he top RH s ide provi des a degas l ine connect ion t o t he cool ant reservoi r. A coolant drai n point i s provided on t hebott om LH si de of the radiat or.
The rear of t he radiat or is covered wit h a fan s hroud t hat als o provides t he mounti ng locati on for t he t win fans and fancont rol module. The 4 hi gh s peed ram flaps l ocat ed on t he s hroud are provi ded to assi st t he flow of cooling ai r int o t heengi ne compart ment , regardl ess of fan operat ion. The ram fl aps are operat ed by the ram air effect as ai r ent ers throught he front gril le. The ram fl aps open when air s peed through t he radi at or is suffi ci ent t o overcome t he flap clos ing force.
On vehicles i nst all ed wit h AW F21 aut omati c transmis si on, the t rans mis s ion flui d is cooled by an oil cool er mount ed t o t herear LH s i de of the radi ator. The cooler i s connected i nto t he LH t op t hird of the radiator (col d s ide) and caus es ares t ri ct ion t o t he flow of coolant across this porti on of the radiat or. As t he cool ant flow is rest ri cted, the coolant t ravels ata s lower rate creat ing a low temperat ure zone. Thi s cool s t he cool ant i n t hat porti on of the radiator more t han the l owerport ion t o provi de increas ed cooli ng of the trans mi s si on oil .For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Trans mis s ion Cooli ng (307-02 Trans mis s ion/Trans axle Cooli ng, Des cri pti on andOperat ion).
TWIN ELECTRIC FAN ASSEMBLY
A t win electric fan ass embl y is mount ed t o the fan s hroud and at tached to the rear of the radi ator. The fans draw airt hrough the radiator t o regul at e t he cool ant temperat ure, and provide cooli ng air t hrough the engi ne compartment .
The fans are operated by the fan cont rol module that receives a 0 to 100% Puls e W idth Modulati on (PW M) frequency s ignalfrom the ECM. The ECM varies t he PW M si gnal bas ed on inputs from vari ous sens ors . The fan cont rol module us es t he PW Ms ignal to det ermi ne the required out put vol tage t o t he 2 cooling fan mot ors .For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Electroni c Engi ne Controls - 2.2L Dies el (303-14 El ect ronic Engine Cont rols - 2.2LDies el, Des cript ion and Operat ion).
Followi ng certai n engine operat ing condi ti ons and wit h t he ignit ion s wi tched off, the fans wil l cont inue t o operate undert he cont rol of the ECM to maint ai n engine cooling.
ENGINE OIL COOLER

ItemPart NumberDescription
1-Cool ant return from oi l cool er2-Cool ant s upply from cyl inder block
3-Oil filt er hous i ng
4-Oil pres s ure s wi tch5-Oil cool er
The engi ne oil i s cool ed by an int egrated oi l fi lt er and cooler as sembl y, locat ed at t he LH s ide of t he engi ne. A s hort hoseconnects t he oil cooler t o the cyli nder bl ock and provi des the coolant s uppl y to the oi l cooler. A hos e connected bet weent he oil cool er and front of t he cyl inder head provi des the coolant ret urn t o t he t hermal cont rol module.
COOLANT RESERVOIR
The cool ant res ervoi r is incorporated into the s ys tem to provide s ufficient air volume for cool ant expansi on, and to al lowentrained air and gas t o es cape from the coolant . Degas l ines connect the res ervoir t o t he thermal control modul e andradi at or.
The cool ant l evel i s monit ored by an integral float t ype s ens or l ocat ed wit hin the coolant res ervoir. The cool ant l evels ens or is connect ed t o t he CJB. On vehicles ins tall ed wit h a low-line ins trument cl us t er, a l ow engine coolant level warningindicat or l amp i s il lumi nat ed if t he coolant level fall s below t he l evel of the s ensor. On vehicles i nst all ed wit h a hi gh-li neins t rument clus ter, a low coolant l evel mes sage i s dis played i n the mess age center. For addit ional i nformati on, refer to:
Ins trument Clus ter (413-01 Ins t rument Clus t er, Descripti on and Operat ion),Informat ion and Mes s age Cent er (413-08 Informati on and Mes sage Cent er, Descripti on and Operat ion).
The res ervoir i s s eal ed wi th a s crew cap, and provi des the means t o replenis h t he s ys t em duri ng s ervice i ntervals . Theres ervoir cap i ncorporat es a press ure rel ief val ve that prot ect s t he cool ing s ys tem from over pres sure.

CLIMATE CONTROL HEATER MATRIX
The heat er mat rix is i nst all ed in the cli mate cont rol as sembl y, l ocat ed on t he vehi cl e cent er li ne bet ween t he ins trumentpanel and t he engi ne bulkhead. Two pi pes pas s t hrough t he bul khead i nto the engine compart ment and connect to as uppl y and a return cool ing s yst em heat er hos e. The coolant s uppl y hos e is connect ed t o an outl et on the thermal controlmodule. The cool ant return hose is connect ed to the EGR cool er.
The mat ri x is cons truct ed from al uminum wit h t wo end t anks i nterconnect ed wit h t ubes. Aluminum fins are locatedbetween t he t ubes and t rans fer heat to the pas s ing air. Coolant is s upplied to the heater mat ri x at all t imes when theengi ne is running.For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Heati ng and Vent il ati on (412-01 Cl imat e Control, Des cript ion and Operat ion).
ENGINE COOLANT
The long-l ife engine coolant is s i licate free and is not t o be mixed wi th convent ional engi ne coolant .
The cool ing s ys tem cont ai ns approximat el y 8 l it ers (8.5 US quart s) of a 50/50 wat er and l ong li fe coolant concentrati on.
PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
Cooling Sys tem Flow at Normal Operat ing Temperat ure

ItemPart NumberDescription
A-Cool ing s yst em (t emperate cl imat e vehicles )B-Addi ti onal cool ing s ys tem components (cold cli mate vehi cl es)
1-FFBH
2-Auxil iary cool ant pump
Engine Cold
Duri ng engi ne s tarti ng the coolant pump i s dri ven by the cams haft drive belt and circul ates coolant through t he enginecyl inder block, engine oi l cooler and cyl inder head. Coolant als o flows t hrough t he cl imat e control heat er circui t and t heEGR cooler. The t hermos tat i s in the cl os ed pos it ion and prevent s the return of coolant from t he engi ne to the radiat or.
W i th the t hermos t at cl os ed, the by-pas s valve is open and direct s t he ret urn coolant t hrough the t hermal control modul eand cool ant rail t o t he cool ant pump hous ing. The cool ant conti nues t o circul ate and is progress i vel y heat ed by t he engi ne.

Entrained gases i n t he cool ing s ys tem escape t hrough the t hermal control modul e degas l ine t o t he cool ant res ervoir.
The increas ing coolant temperature is felt at t he t hermos tat , and is regi s tered on the ins trument cl us t er coolantt emperature gage vi a t he ECM and ECT s ens or s i gnal.For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Ins t rument Clus ter (413-01 Inst rument Cl us t er, Des cript ion and Operat ion).
Engine Normal Operating Temperature
W i th the coolant t emperature increas ing, at 83°C (181°F) t he t hermos tat reacts and commences openi ng. The by-pas svalve is progres s ively clos ed. Hot coolant ret urning from t he engi ne t o t he thermal control modul e i s now all owed to pas st hrough the t op hos e connecti on to the radiator. The fl ow of hot coolant t o t he radiat or now forces cold cool ant wi thi n t heradi at or and bot t om hos e t o fl ow t o t he thermal cont rol module.
Duri ng the thermos t at opening period t here i s an i nit ial temperat ure di fferenti al of t he coolant at bot h s ides of t het hermos tat . The thermos t at react s t o t he t emperature different ial and part iall y closes , whi le t he by-pas s val ve opensfurther. The thermos t at and by-pas s valve conti nue to oscil lat e whil e t he cool ant t emperat ure i ncreas es .
At a coolant temperat ure of 91°C (196°F) t he thermost at is full y opened and t he by-pas s valve i s ful ly clos ed. The returncool ant from t he engi ne is now ful ly circul ated t hrough t he radiat or and bot tom hose. Coolant flows t hrough the radiat orfrom the RH tank t o t he LH t ank, and i s cool ed by air pass i ng through the mat ri x. Ent rai ned gas es i n the radiat or es capet hrough the connect ed degas l ine t o t he cool ant res ervoir.
The increas ed cool ant volume created by heat expans ion caus es the coolant level to ri se through t he connecti ng res ervoirhose, and i nt o t he res ervoi r.
The t emperature of the cooli ng s ys t em i s cons t ant ly moni tored by t he ECM via the ECT s ens or s i gnal. The ECM uses t heECT s ignal to control operati on of the cooling fans , and to adjus t engine fueling. The ECM al so operates t he fans i nres ponse to input s from the aut omati c t ransmis s ion oil t emperat ure s ensor, Air Condit ioning (A/C) s ys tem cont rol s wit ch,and t he A/C pres sure s ens or. For addit ional i nformati on, refer to: El ect ronic Engine Cont rols - 2.2L Di es el (303-14Electroni c Engine Controls - 2.2L Dies el, Des cript ion and Operat ion).For addit ional informat ion, refer t o: Air Condit ioning (412-01 Cli mat e Cont rol , Descripti on and Operat ion).
The cool ing fan s peed is als o infl uenced by vehicle road s peed. The ECM adjus t s the speed of t he cool ing fans tocompens ate for t he ram air effect , us ing t he CAN bus road speed s ignal received from the Ant i-Lock Brake Sys tem (ABS)module.
W hen t he engine i s s hut down, t he coolant t emperature and volume decreas e. The thermos t at st art s t o clos e as t hecool ant t emperat ure decreas es to 89°C (192°F), and is fully cl osed at 81°C (178°F). The coolant level wit hin t he res ervoi rdecreas es as coolant is drawn from the res ervoi r to replenis h the s ys tem.
Followi ng engi ne s hut down when the coolant pump i s s tat ionary, the ECM may cont inue t o operat e t he cool ing fans for apre-det ermined peri od to maint ai n engine cooling.

Publi s hed: 11-May-2011
Engine Cooling - TD4 2.2L Diesel - Engine Cooling
Diagnosi s and Tes ti ng
Principles of Operation
For a detail ed descripti on of the cooli ng s ys t em, refer t o t he rel evant Des cript ion and Operat ion secti on in the workshop
manual.
REFER to: Engine Cooli ng (303-03B Engi ne Cool ing - TD4 2.2L Dies el, Des cript ion and Operat ion).
Inspection and Verification CAUTION: Di agnos is by s ubs ti tut ion from a donor vehicle is
NO T acceptabl e. Subs ti tut ion of cont rol modules does
not guarant ee confirmat ion of a faul t, and may als o caus e addit ional fault s i n t he v ehi cl e being t est ed and/or t he donor
vehi cl e.
1. Verify t he cus t omer concern.
1.
2. Vis ually ins pect for obvious s igns of mechani cal or electrical damage.
2.
Visual Inspection Mechanical Electrical
Coolant leaks Coolant expans ion t ank
Electric fan
Radiat or Fuse
W i ri ng harness
Loos e or corroded connect or(s )
Engi ne Coolant Temperature (ECT) s ensor
3.
If an obvious cause for an obs erved or report ed concern is found, correct t he caus e (if pos s ible) before
proceeding t o t he next s t ep
3.
4. If t he caus e is not vis ually evi dent , verify t he sympt om and refer t o t he Sympt om Ch art, al ternat ively, check for
Di agnos ti c Trouble Codes (DTCs) and refer t o t he DTC Index.
4.
Symptom Chart Symptom Possible CauseAction
Coolant los s Hoses Hose connect ions
Radi ator
Cool ant pump
Heat er core
Gaskets
Engi ne cas t ing cracks
Engi ne block core plugs GO t o Pinpoint Test
A.Engine overheati ng
Engi ne cool ant (level/condit ion) Thermos tat
Fan motor
Fan motor fus es and/or circui ts
ECT s ens or
Engi ne cont rol module (ECM)
Fan speed module GO t o Pinpoint Test
B.Engine not reaching normal operat ing t emperat ure
Thermos tat Elect ric fan
Fan speed module GO t o Pinpoint Test
C.DTC Index
• NOTE: If the control modul e or a component i s s us pect and the vehicle remains unde r manufacturer warrant y, refer t o the
W arranty Pol icy and Procedures manual (s ect ion B1.2), or determine i f any pri or appr oval programme is in operat ion, pri or
t o the ins tall ati on of a new module/component.
• NOTE: Generic scan t ool s may not read the codes li st ed, or may read only fi ve digi t codes . Mat ch the five di git s from t he
s can tool to the firs t fi ve di git s of the seven digi t code l is ted to ident ify t he fa ul t (t he las t t wo digi ts gi ve ext ra
informat ion read by the manufact urer approved diagnos t ic s ys tem).
• NOTE: W hen performing volt age or res is t ance t est s , always use a digi tal mult imeter (DMM) accurat e t o t hree deci mal
places, and wi th a current cali brati on cert ifi cat e. W hen t est ing res is tance, al ways take t he res is t ance of t he DMM leads
int o account.
• NOTE: Check and recti fy bas ic faul ts before beginni ng diagnos t ic rout ines i nvol vi n g pinpoint t es t s.
• NOTE: If DTCs are recorded and, aft er performi ng the pi npoi nt tes ts , a fault is no t present , an int ermi tt ent concern may
be t he caus e. Always check for loose connect ions and corroded terminals .
DT C Description Possible Cause Action
P011600 Engine Coolant Temperat ure
Sensor 1 Circuit Mini mum temperat ure or
increas e not achi eved wi thi n Check int egrit y of cool ing s ys tem.
REFER t o: Engi ne Cool ing (303-03B