2000 DODGE NEON ESP

not over-hone the bore. Don not increase the diame-
ter of the bore more than 0.0254 mm (0.001 inch)
(Fig. 120). If the bore does not clean up within this
specification, a new caliper housing should be
installed.
NOTE: During the honing procedure, coat the
stones and bore with brake fluid. After honing the
bore, carefully clean the seal and boot grooves with
a stiff non-metallic rotary brush. Use extreme care
in cleaning the caliper after honing. Remove all dirt
and grit by flushing the caliper bore with fresh
clean brake fluid; wipe it dry with a clean, lint free
cloth and then clean it a second time.
(6) Inspect the caliper piston for pitting, scratches,
or any physical damage. Replace the piston if there is
evidence of scratches, pitting or physical damage.
CALIPER SEAL AND PISTON INSTALLATION
NOTE: Never use an old piston seal.
(1) Dip the new piston seal in clean brake fluid
and install it in the groove of the caliper bore. The
seal should be started at one area of the groove and
gently worked around and into the groove (Fig. 121)
using only your clean fingers to seat it.
(2) Coat the new piston boot with clean brake fluid
leaving a generous amount inside the boot.(3) Position the dust boot over the piston after
coating it with brake fluid.
CAUTION: Force applied to the piston to seat it in
the bore must be applied uniformly to avoid cock-
ing and binding of the piston.
Fig. 119 Removing Piston Seal
1 ± PLASTIC TRIM STICK
2 ± CALIPER
3 ± PISTON SEAL GROOVE
4 ± PISTON SEALFig. 120 Honing Brake Caliper Piston Bore
1 ± CALIPER
2 ± CALIPER BORE
3 ± SPECIAL TOOL C-4095
Fig. 121 Installing New Piston Seal
1 ± CALIPER
2 ± PISTON SEAL
3 ± SEAL GROOVE
5 - 58 BRAKESPL
DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY (Continued)

If the brake shoe assemblies do not require
replacement, reinstall the assemblies making sure
each brake shoe is returned to the original position.
Refer to DISC BRAKE SHOES in the REMOVAL
AND INSTALLATION section in this section of this
service manual group.
CALIPER INSPECTION
Check for brake fluid leaks in and around the boot
area. Check for any ruptures, brittleness or damage
to the piston dust boot. If the boot is damaged, or a
fluid leak is visible, disassemble the caliper assembly
and install a new seal and boot, and a piston if it is
scored. Refer to DISC BRAKE CALIPER in the DIS-
ASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY section in this section
of this service manual group.
Check the guide pin dust boots to determine if they
are in good condition. Replace if they are damaged,
dry, or found to be brittle. Refer to DISC BRAKE
CALIPER in the DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY
section in this section of this service manual group.
DISC BRAKES (REAR)
BRAKE SHOES
Clean the rear brake shoes and calipers with a
water-dampened cloth or with a brake cleaner. Do
not use a petroleum based product.
If a visual inspection does not adequately deter-
mine the condition of the lining, a physical check will
be necessary.
Remove the rear disc brake shoes. Refer to DISC
BRAKE SHOES in the REMOVAL AND INSTALLA-
TION section in this section of this service manual
group.
The combined brake shoe and lining material
thickness should be measured at the thinnest part of
the assembly.
When a set of brake shoes are worn to a total
thickness of approximately 7.0 mm (9/32 inch) or
less, they should be replaced.
Replace both brake shoe assemblies (inboard and
outboard). It is necessary that both front wheel sets
be replaced whenever brake shoe assemblies on
either side are replaced.
If the brake shoe assemblies do not require
replacement, reinstall the assemblies making sure
each brake shoe is returned to the original position.
Refer to DISC BRAKE SHOES in the REMOVAL
AND INSTALLATION section in this section of this
service manual group.
CALIPER INSPECTION
Check for brake fluid leaks in and around the boot
area. Check for any ruptures, brittleness or damage
to the piston dust boot. If the boot is damaged, or afluid leak is visible, disassemble the caliper assembly
and install a new seal and boot, and a piston if it is
scored. Refer to DISC BRAKE CALIPER in the DIS-
ASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY section in this section
of this service manual group.
Check the guide pin dust boots to determine if they
are in good condition. Replace if they are damaged,
dry, or found to be brittle. Refer to DISC BRAKE
CALIPER in the DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY
section in this section of this service manual group.
DRUM BRAKES (REAR)
BRAKE SHOES
Clean the rear brake shoes and springs with a
water-dampened cloth or with a brake cleaner. Do
not use a petroleum based product.
Rear brake shoe lining should show contact across
the entire width of the lining and also from the heel
to the toe of the lining. Replace the shoes if noted
otherwise.
Brake shoes with lack of contact at the toe or heel
of the brake shoe lining may be improperly ground.
Clean and inspect the brake support plate and
shoe adjuster screw. Apply a thin coat of Mopart
Multi-Purpose Lubricant or equivalent to the threads
of the self-adjuster (Fig. 124). Replace the adjuster
screw if it is corroded.
NOTE: Adjuster screws are different side-to-side.
Left side adjuster screws have left-hand threads
and right side adjuster screws have right-handed
threads.
If the old brake shoe return or hold down springs
have overheated or are damaged, replace them. Over-
heating indications are paint discoloration or dis-
torted end coils.
Fig. 124 Adjuster Screw And Lever (Typical)
1 ± OUTBOARD FORWARD
2 ± SELF ADJUSTER
3 ± OUTBOARD REAR
4 ± SELF ADJUSTER LEVER
5 - 60 BRAKESPL
CLEANING AND INSPECTION (Continued)

(4) Insert a brake adjustment tool, or a screw-
driver, through the adjusting hole in support plate
and against the star wheel of the adjuster screw.
Move the handle of tool downward to adjust the
brake drag. Rotate the tire and wheel assembly while
adjusting the adjuster screw. Continue to adjust the
shoes until a slight drag is noticed when the tire and
wheel assembly is rotated.
NOTE: In the event the brake shoes are over-ad-
justed, the adjuster can be backed off using the fol-
lowing step. If not, proceed to step 6.
(5) If the shoes are in the over-adjusted position,
insert a thin screwdriver into brake adjusting hole
and push back the adjusting lever out of engagement
with star wheel (Fig. 127). Take care not to bend the
adjusting lever. While holding the adjusting lever out
of engagement with star wheel, back off the star
wheel until the tire and wheel assembly is free to
turn without dragging. Repeat the adjustment proce-
dure.
(6) Install adjusting hole rubber plug (Fig. 126).
(7) Repeat the above adjustment procedure to the
other side brakes.
(8) Apply and release the park brake lever one
time after the adjustment process is completed so the
parking brakes can readjust themselves to the new
brake shoe adjustment.
PARKING BRAKE SHOES (REAR DISC BRAKES)
NOTE: The parking brake shoes used in the drum-
in-hat park brake system do not automatically
adjust to compensate for brake shoe lining wear.Therefore, it is necessary to manually adjust the
parking brake shoes.
(1) Verify the parking brake lever is in the
released position.
(2) Raise the vehicle. Refer to HOISTING in the
LUBRICATION AND MAINTENANCE group for the
proper lifting procedure.
(3) Remove the rubber plug from the adjusting
hole in the disc brake caliper adapter.
(4) Adjust the parking brakes. Use the first bullet
point for the adjustment of the left side parking
brake shoes. Use the second bullet point for the
adjustment of the right side parking brake shoes.
²Insert a medium size screwdriver through
adjustment hole in the left backing plate. Position
the screwdriver against the star wheel on the park-
ing brake shoe adjuster. Using the screwdriver,
rotate the star wheel downward until a slight drag is
noticed when turning the rear tire and wheel assem-
bly. Then, using the screwdriver, slowly rotate the
star wheel upward, backing off the adjuster, just
enough to allow the rear tire and wheel assembly to
rotate without the parking brake shoes dragging. Do
not back off the adjuster star wheel more than two
clicks past the point of no drag. The parking brake
shoe-to-drum clearance is now properly set.
²Insert a medium size screwdriver through
adjustment hole in the right backing plate. Position
the screwdriver against the star wheel on the park-
ing brake shoe adjuster. Using the screwdriver,
rotate the star wheel upward until a slight drag is
noticed when turning the rear tire and wheel assem-
bly. Then, using the screwdriver, slowly rotate the
star wheel downward, backing off the adjuster, just
enough to allow the rear tire and wheel assembly to
rotate without the parking brake shoes dragging. Do
not back off the adjuster star wheel more that two
clicks past the point of no drag. The parking brake
shoe-to-drum clearance is now properly set.
(5) Install the rubber plug in the adjusting holes of
the disc brake caliper adapter.
(6) Lower the vehicle until the rear tires are just
clearing the floor.
(7) Reach inside the vehicle and fully apply and
release the park brakes two times after adjusting the
parking brake shoes.
(8) With the parking brake lever in the fully
applied position, attempt to hand rotate each rear
tire and wheel assembly to ensure that the parking
brake shoes are working.
(9) With the parking brake lever in the released
position, hand rotate each rear tire and wheel assem-
bly to ensure that the parking brake shoes are not
dragging.
Fig. 127 Backing Off Brake Adjuster Screw
1 ± MEDIUM SCREWDRIVER
2 ± BRAKE ADJUSTING HOLE
3 ± THIN SCREWDRIVER OR WELDING ROD
5 - 62 BRAKESPL
ADJUSTMENTS (Continued)

SPECIAL TOOLS
BASE BRAKE SYSTEM
Adapters, Brake Pressure 6805
Adapter, Brake Pressure 8644
Gauge Set C-4007-A
Handle, Universal C-4171
Installer, Dust Boot C-4689
Dial Indicator C-3339
Tubes, Master Cylinder Bleed 8358
5 - 64 BRAKESPL

NOISE AND BRAKE PEDAL FEEL
During ABS braking, some brake pedal movement
may be felt. In addition, ABS braking will create
ticking, popping, or groaning noises heard by the
driver. This is normal and is due to pressurized fluid
being transferred between the master cylinder and
the brakes. If ABS operation occurs during hard
braking, some pulsation may be felt in the vehicle
body due to fore-and-aft movement of the suspension
as brake pressures are modulated.
At the end of an ABS stop, ABS is turned off when
the vehicle is slowed to a speed of 3±4 mph. There
may be a slight brake pedal drop anytime that the
ABS is deactivated, such as at the end of the stop
when the vehicle speed is less than 3 mph or during
an ABS stop where ABS is no longer required. These
conditions exist when a vehicle is being stopped on a
road surface with patches of ice, loose gravel, or sand
on it. Also, stopping a vehicle on a bumpy road sur-
face activates ABS because of the wheel hop caused
by the bumps.
TIRE NOISE AND MARKS
Although the ABS system prevents complete wheel
lockup, some wheel slip is desired in order to achieve
optimum braking performance. Wheel slip is defined
as follows: 0 percent slip means the wheel is rolling
freely and 100 percent slip means the wheel is fully
locked. During brake pressure modulation, wheel slip
is allowed to reach up to 25±30 percent. This means
that the wheel rolling velocity is 25±30 percent less
than that of a free rolling wheel at a given vehicle
speed. This slip may result in some tire chirping,
depending on the road surface. This sound should not
be interpreted as total wheel lockup.
Complete wheel lockup normally leaves black tire
marks on dry pavement. The ABS will not leave dark
black tire marks since the wheel never reaches a
fully locked condition. However, tire marks may be
noticeable as light patched marks.
START-UP CYCLE
When the ignition is turned on, a popping sound
and a slight brake pedal movement may be noticed.
The ABS warning lamp will also be on for up to 5
seconds after the ignition is turned on. When the
vehicle is first driven off, a humming may be heard
or felt by the driver at approximately 20±40 kph
(12±25 mph). All of these conditions are a normal
function of ABS as the system is performing a diag-
nosis check.
PREMATURE ABS CYCLING
Symptoms of premature ABS cycling include: click-
ing sounds from the solenoid valves; pump/motor
running; and pulsations in the brake pedal. Prema-ture ABS cycling can occur at any braking rate of the
vehicle and on any type of road surface. Neither the
red BRAKE warning lamp, nor the amber ABS warn-
ing lamp, illuminate and no fault codes are stored in
the CAB.
Premature ABS cycling is a condition that needs to
be correctly assessed when diagnosing problems with
the antilock brake system. It may be necessary to use
a DRB scan tool to detect and verify premature ABS
cycling.
Check the following common causes when diagnos-
ing premature ABS cycling: damaged tone wheels;
incorrect tone wheels; damaged steering knuckle
wheel speed sensor mounting bosses; loose wheel
speed sensor mounting bolts; excessive tone wheel
runout; or an excessively large tone wheel-to-wheel
speed sensor air gap. Give special attention to these
components when diagnosing a vehicle exhibiting
premature ABS cycling.
After diagnosing the defective component, repair or
replace it as required. When the component repair or
replacement is completed, test drive the vehicle to
verify that premature ABS cycling has been cor-
rected.
ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM COMPONENTS
The following is a detailed description of the
antilock brake system components. For information
on servicing base brake system components used in
conjunction with these components, see the BASE
BRAKE SYSTEM found at the beginning of this ser-
vice manual group.
MASTER CYLINDER
A vehicle equipped with ABS uses a different mas-
ter cylinder than a vehicle that is not equipped with
ABS. Vehicles equipped with ABS use a center port
master cylinder with only two outlet ports (Fig. 1).
The brake tubes from the primary and secondary
outlet ports on the master cylinder go directly to the
integrated control unit (ICU).
The master cylinder mounts to the power brake
booster in the same manner a non-ABS master cylin-
der does.
INTEGRATED CONTROL UNIT (ICU)
The hydraulic control unit (HCU) and the control-
ler antilock brake (CAB) used with this antilock
brake system are combined (integrated) into one
unit, which is called the integrated control unit (ICU)
(Fig. 2). The ICU is located on the driver's side of the
vehicle, and is mounted to the left front frame rail
below the master cylinder (Fig. 1).
5 - 66 BRAKESPL
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)

CONTROLLER ANTILOCK BRAKE INPUTS
²wheel speed sensors (four)
²stop lamp switch
²ignition switch
²system relay voltage
²ground
²traction control lamp
²diagnostic communication (PCI)
CONTROLLER ANTILOCK BRAKE OUTPUTS
²amber ABS warning lamp actuation (through
MIC)
²red BRAKE warning lamp actuation (through
MIC)
²traction control lamp actuation (through MIC)
²diagnostic communication. (PCI)
HYDRAULIC CONTROL UNIT (HCU)
The hydraulic control unit (HCU) is mounted to
the CAB as part of the ICU (Fig. 2). The HCU con-
trols the flow of brake fluid to the brakes using a
series of valves and accumulators. A pump/motor is
mounted on the HCU to supply build pressure to the
brakes during an ABS stop.
VALVES AND SOLENOIDS
The valve block contains four inlet valves and four
outlet solenoid valves. The inlet valves are spring-
loaded in the open position and the outlet valves are
spring-loaded in the closed position during normal
braking. The fluid is allowed to flow from the master
cylinder to the wheel brakes.
During an ABS stop, these valves cycle to maintain
the proper slip ratio for each wheel. The inlet valve
closes preventing further pressure increase and the
outlet valve opens to provide a path from the wheel
brake to the HCU accumulators and pump/motor.
This releases (decays) pressure from the wheel brake,
thus releasing the wheel from excessive slippage.
Once the wheel is no longer slipping, the outlet valve
is closed and the inlet valve is opened to reapply
(build) pressure.
There are four other valves in the HCU. These four
remaining valves are used for traction control. Two
traction control (TC) valves, mounted in the HCU
valve block, are normally in the open position and
close only when the traction control is applied. There
are also two shuttle valves which control pressure
return to the master cylinder under ABS and traction
control conditions.
These TC valves are used to isolate the rear (non-
driving) wheels of the vehicle from the hydraulic
pressure that the HCU pump/motor is sending to the
front (driving) wheels when traction control is being
applied. The rear brakes need to be isolated from the
master cylinder when traction control is beingapplied so the rear wheels do not drag. For more
information on the TC and shuttle valves, see TRAC-
TION CONTROL SYSTEM in this section.
BRAKE FLUID ACCUMULATORS
There are two fluid accumulators in the HCU: one
for the primary hydraulic circuit, and one for the sec-
ondary hydraulic circuit. Each hydraulic circuit uses
a 3 cc accumulator.
The fluid accumulators temporarily store brake
fluid that is removed from the wheel brakes during
an ABS cycle. This stored fluid is used by the pump/
motor to provide build pressure for the brake hydrau-
lic system. When the antilock stop is complete, the
accumulators are drained by the pump/motor.
There are two noise dampening chambers in the
HCU on this vehicle equipped with traction control.
PUMP/MOTOR
There are two pump assemblies in the HCU: one
for the primary hydraulic circuit, and one for the sec-
ondary hydraulic circuit. Both pumps are driven by a
common electric motor (Fig. 2). This DC-type motor
is integral to the HCU and is controlled by the CAB.
The pump/motor provides the extra amount of
brake fluid needed during antilock braking. Brake
fluid is released to the accumulators when the outlet
valve is opened during an antilock stop. The pump
mechanism consists of two opposing pistons operated
by an eccentric camshaft. In operation, these pistons
are used to purge fluid from the accumulators back
into the master cylinder circuits. When the antilock
stop is complete, the pump/motor drains the accumu-
lators.
The pump motor is also used to build pressure
when the system goes into traction control mode. For
more information, refer to TRACTION CONTROL
SYSTEM in this section.
The CAB may turn on the pump/motor when an
antilock stop is detected. The pump/motor continues
to run during the antilock stop and is turned off after
the stop is complete. Under some conditions, the
pump/motor runs to drain the accumulators during
the next drive-off.
The pump/motor is not a serviceable item; if it
requires replacement, the HCU must be replaced.
ABS FUSES
The ABS fuse and the ABS pump/motor fuse are
located in the power distribution center (PDC). Refer
to the sticker on the inside of the PDC cover for the
location of these fuses. The PDC is located on the
driver's side of the engine compartment between the
back of the battery and the brake master cylinder.
The CAB fuse can be found in the fuse junction
block under the instrument panel.
5 - 68 BRAKESPL
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)

AMBER ABS WARNING LAMP
The amber ABS warning lamp is located in the
instrument cluster. The purpose of the warning lamp
is discussed in detail below.
When the ignition key is turned to the ON posi-
tion, the amber ABS warning lamp is lit until the
CAB completes its self-tests and turns off the lamp
(approximately 4 seconds). The amber ABS warning
lamp will illuminate when the CAB detects a condi-
tion that results in the shutdown of ABS function.
The CAB sends a message to the mechanical instu-
ment cluster (MIC) instructing it to turn on the
amber ABS warning lamp.
Under most conditions, when the amber ABS warn-
ing lamp is on, only the ABS function of the brake
system is affected; The electronic brake distribution
(EBD), the base brake system and the ability to stop
the vehicle are not affected.
WHEEL SPEED SENSOR (WSS)
At each wheel of the vehicle there is one wheel
speed sensor (WSS) and one tone wheel (Fig. 3) (Fig.
4) (Fig. 5) (Fig. 6). Each front wheel speed sensor is
attached to a boss in the steering knuckle. The front
tone wheel is part of the driveshaft outboard con-
stant velocity joint. The rear wheel speed sensor is
mounted to the rear disc brake adapter. The rear
tone wheel is an integral part of the rear wheel hub
and bearing.
The wheel speed sensor operates on electronic
energy supplied by the CAB and outputs a square
wave signal whose current alternates between two
constant levels. Its frequency is proportional to the
speed of the tone wheel. The output is available as
long as the sensor is powered and its state (high or
low) corresponds to the presence or absence of tone
wheel teeth. The output signal is sent to the CAB. If
a wheel locking tendency is detected by the CAB, it
will then modulate hydraulic pressure via the HCU
to prevent the wheel(s) from locking.
Correct ABS operation is dependent on accurate
wheel speed signals. The vehicle's tires and wheels
all must be the same size and type to generate accu-
rate signals. Variations in tire and wheel size can
produce inaccurate wheel speed signals.
Improper speed sensor-to-tone wheel clearance can
cause erratic speed sensor signals. The speed sensor
air gap is not adjustable, but should be checked when
applicable. Wheel speed sensor-to-tone wheel clear-
ance specifications can be found in the SPECIFICA-
TIONS section within this section in this service
manual group.
ELECTRONIC BRAKE DISTRIBUTION
Vehicles equipped with ABS use electronic brake
distribution (EBD) to balance front-to-rear braking.The EBD is used in place of a rear proportioning
valve. The EBD system uses the ABS system to con-
trol the slip of the rear wheels in partial braking
range. The braking force of the rear wheels is con-
trolled electronically by using the inlet and outlet
valves located in the integrated control unit.
Upon entry into EBD the inlet valve for the rear
brake circuit is switched on so that the fluid supply
from the master cylinder is shut off. In order to
decrease the rear brake pressure, the outlet valve for
Fig. 3 Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor
1 ± LEFT FRONT WHEEL SPEED SENSOR
2 ± TONE WHEEL
Fig. 4 Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor
1 ± RIGHT FRONT WHEEL SPEED SENSOR
2 ± TONE WHEEL
PLBRAKES 5 - 69
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)

the rear brake circuit is pulsed. This allows fluid to
enter the low pressure accumulator (LPA) in the
hydraulic control unit (HCU) resulting in a drop in
fluid pressure to the rear brakes. In order to increase
the rear brake pressure, the outlet valve is switched
off and the inlet valve is pulsed. This increases the
pressure to the rear brakes. This back-and-forth pro-
cess will continue until the required slip difference is
obtained. At the end of EBD braking (brakes
released) the fluid in the LPA drains back to themaster cylinder by switching on the outlet valve and
draining through the inlet valve check valve. At the
same time the inlet valve is switched on in case of
another brake application.
The EBD will remain functional during many ABS
fault modes. If both the red BRAKE, and amber ABS
warning lamps are illuminated, the EBD may not be
functioning.
TRACTION CONTROL SYSTEM
Traction control reduces wheel slip and maintains
traction at the driving wheels at speeds below 56 kph
(35 mph) when road surfaces are slippery. The trac-
tion control system reduces wheel slip by braking the
wheel that is losing traction.
The CAB monitors wheel speed. During accelera-
tion, if the CAB detects front (drive) wheel slip and
the brakes are not applied, the CAB enters traction
control mode. Traction control operation proceeds in
the following order:
(1) Close the normally open traction control (TC)
valves.
(2) Start the pump/motor and supply volume and
pressure to the front (drive) hydraulic circuit. (The
pump/motor runs continuously during traction con-
trol operation.)
(3) Open and close the build and decay solenoid
valves to maintain minimum wheel slip and maxi-
mum traction.
The cycling of the build and decay valves during
traction control is similar to that during antilock
braking, except the valves work to control wheel spin
by applying the brakes, whereas the ABS function is
to control wheel skid by releasing the brakes.
HYDRAULIC SHUTTLE VALVES
Two pressure relief shuttle valves allow pressure
and volume to return to the master cylinder reservoir
when not consumed by the build and decay valves.
These valves are necessary because the pump/motor
supplies more volume than the system requires.
If the brakes are applied at anytime during a trac-
tion control cycle, the brake lamp switch triggers the
control module to switch off traction control.
TRACTION CONTROL FUNCTION LAMP
The traction control function lamp illuminates dur-
ing a traction control cycle, displaying TRAC on the
instrument panel.
The traction control system is enabled at each igni-
tion cycle. It may be turned off by depressing the
traction control switch button. The traction control
function lamp (TRAC OFF) illuminates immediately
upon depressing the button. Pressing this button
again, or turning off and restarting the vehicle will
enable the traction control system.
Fig. 5 Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor
1 ± LEFT REAR WHEEL SPEED SENSOR
2 ± TENSION STRUT
Fig. 6 Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor
1 ± RIGHT REAR WHEEL SPEED SENSOR
2 ± TENSION STRUT
5 - 70 BRAKESPL
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION (Continued)