1999 LAND ROVER DISCOVERY Workshop Manual

CORROSION PREVENTION AND SEALING
77-4-20 SEALING
Interweld sealing areas. Seams symmetrically opposite to those shown must also be treated.
110 mm (0.393 in) x 2 mm (0.078 in) 'Butyl strip'
210 mm (0.393 in) x 1 mm (0.039 in)'Butyl strip' 3Interweld sealant
Butyl tape is also applied to the bodyside rear glass aperture flanges. On the forward edge of the aperture a 15 mm
(0.590 in) x 2 mm (0.078 in) strip is applied, and on the lower and rearward edges a 10 mm (0.393 in) x 2 mm (0.078
in) strip is applied.
During production, interweld sealer is applied to critical joint areas. The material used is a heat cured, rubber based
sealant which serves to seal two metal surfaces and prevent the ingress of moisture, dust and fumes. Before refitting
a replacement panel, apply interweld sealer to areas indicated or to the mating panel face.
Those joints which require the application of interweld sealers are detailed in the previous illustrations. Only joints
applicable to service panels are included.
M77 1682A
1
23

CORROSION PREVENTION AND SEALING
SEALING 77-4-21
Gap fill sealer
Gap fill sealer - front header and roof bows
Gap fill sealer - front and rear doors
The previous illustrations show the areas where gap-fill (anti-flutter) sealer is applied. The material bonds two surfaces
together but allows for a certain amount of movement between the two bonded surfaces.
M77 1722B
M77 1724B

CORROSION PREVENTION AND SEALING
77-4-22 SEALING
Water leaks
Where water leakage is involved, always adopt a logical approach to the problem using a combination of skill,
experience and intuition. Do not reach a conclusion based only on visual evidence, such as assuming that a wet
footwell is caused by a leak emanating from the windscreen. It will often be found that the source of the leak is
elsewhere. Use of the correct procedure will increase the chance of locating a leak, however obscure it may seem.
Tools and equipment
The following tools and equipment are recommended for the purpose of detection and rectification of water leaks:
1Garden sprayer (hand-operated)
2Wet/dry vacuum cleaner
3Dry, absorbent cloths
4Battery torch
5Small mirror
6Weatherstrip locating tool
7Trim panel remover
8Small wooden or plastic wedges
9Dry compressed air supply
10Hot air blower
11Sealer applicators
12Ultrasonic leak detector
During leak detection, the vehicle should be considered in three basic sections:
lThe front interior space;
lThe rear passenger space;
lThe loadspace or boot.
Testing
From the information supplied by the customer it should be possible for the bodyshop operator to locate the starting
point from which the leak may be detected. After the area of the leak has been identified, find the actual point of entry
into the vehicle.
A simple and effective means in the first instance is an ordinary garden spray with provision for pressure and jet
adjustment, which will allow water to be directed in a jet or turned into a fine spray. Use a mirror and a battery-powered
torch (NOT a mains voltage inspection lamp) to see into dark corners.
The sequence of testing is particularly important. Start at the lowest point and work slowly upwards, to avoid testing
in one area while masking the leak in another. For example, if testing started at the level of the windscreen, any water
cascading into the plenum chamber could leak through a bulkhead grommet and into the footwells. Even at this point
it could still be wrongly assumed that the windscreen seal was at fault.
Another important part of identifying a water leak is by visual examination of door aperture seals, grommets and
weatherstrips for damage, deterioration or misalignment, together with the fit of the door itself against the seals.
Sealing
When the point of the leak has been detected, it will then be necessary to rectify it using the following procedure:
1Renew all door aperture seals and weatherstrips which have suffered damage, misalignment or deterioration
2Check all body seals to ensure that they are correctly located on their mounting flanges/faces using a lipping
tool if necessary
3Dry out body seams to be treated using compressed air and/or a hot air blower as necessary
4Apply sealant on the outside of the joint wherever possible to ensure the exclusion of water
5When rectifying leaks between a screen glass and it's weatherstrip (or in the case of direct glazing, between the
glass and bodywork), avoid removing the glass if possible. Apply the approved material at the appropriate
location (i.e. glass to weatherstrip or glass to body)

PAINTING
PROCEDURES 77-5-1
PAINTING PROCEDURES
Panel preparation
General
Replacement panels are supplied with a cathodic primer coating as part of the panel protection and in compliance
with the vehicle's Corrosion Warranty, where applicable. DO NOT remove the primer before paint refinishing. In
the event of localised surface damage or imperfections, ensure that only the minimum of primer is removed
during rectification work for effective repair.
Rectify damage as far as possible by panel beating or straightening. To remove corrosion or paint runs on outer
surfaces, abrade the primer coat in the affected area as necessary, then follow the procedure below:
1Clean the panel using a solvent wipe
2Treat exposed areas of metal with an etch phosphate process
3Re-treat the affected area using either a separate acid-etch primer and two-pack surfacer, or an integrated etch
primer/filler
Panel preparation
The following procedures should be followed when repairing panels.
Welded panels
When replacing welded panels the following procedure must be observed:
1Remove primer from the immediate vicinity of new and existing panel flanges, cleaning to bright metal finish
2On joints to be spot welded, apply weld-through zinc rich primer to joint faces of both flanges. Make spot welds
while primer is still wet or according to the manufacturer's instructions
3Dress accessible weld joints
4Clean panel using solvent wipe
5Treat bare metal with an etch phosphate process
6Re-treat repaired areas
Sectioned panels
When replacing part or sectioned panels, the basic procedure is the same as for welded panels described above, with
the following variations:
1Remove primer from both new and existing joint faces, cleaning to a bright metal finish
2Where an overlap joint with the existing panel is to be spot welded, apply weld-through, zinc rich primer to both
joint faces and spot weld while the primer is still wet, or according to the manufacturer's instructions
3MIG weld butt joints where applicable
4Dress weld joints
5Clean the panel with a solvent wipe.
6Treat bare metal areas using an etch phosphate process
7Re-treat the affected area using either a separate acid-etch primer and two-pack surfacer, or an integrated etch
primer/filler
8Treat the inner faces of lap or butt joints with a suitable cavity wax

+ PANEL REPAIRS, PROCEDURES, Panel replacement procedure.
Clinched panels
When replacing clinched panels the following procedure must be observed:
1Abrade primer on new and existing panel joint faces, and clean using a solvent wipe
2Apply metal-to-metal adhesive where applicable
3Where joints are to be spot welded, apply suitable weld-through, zinc rich primer to weld areas
4Where joints are to be MIG, arc or gas welded, apply zinc rich primer in adjacent areas but leave the welded
area untreated
5To retain the panel while clinching the flanges, tack spot weld or plug weld as appropriate
6Clean the panel with a solvent wipe
7Treat bare metal areas with a suitable etch phosphate process
8Re-treat the affected area using either a separate acid-etch primer and two-pack surfacer, or an integrated etch
primer/filler

PAINTING
77-5-2 PROCEDURES
Paint preparation
Paint refinishing
The following process must be adhered to for paint refinishing operations.
1Seal required exterior and interior seams with an approved seam sealer

+ BODY SEALING MATERIALS, MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS, Approved materials.
2Repair any damage to underbody sealers

+ CORROSION PREVENTION AND SEALING, CORROSION PREVENTION, Corrosion prevention.
3Apply a two-pack paint refinishing system
4Apply cavity wax to all interior surfaces which have not received refinish paint
Paint repairs
Before carrying out paintwork repairs, clean the vehicle thoroughly using either a steam cleaner or high-pressure
washer.
Wash locally repaired areas using a mild water-mixable detergent and wipe them clean with solvent, immediately
before paint application.
Ensure that damaged paintwork which has led to exposed metal is abraded until the metal is clean, extending beyond
the area of the original damage. Treat the bare metal with an etch phosphate to remove all traces of rust and to provide
a key for new paint coats. Re-treat the affected area using either a separate acid-etch primer and two-pack surfacer
or an integrated etch primer/filler, and follow with a two-pack paint system. Treat those surfaces not receiving paint
using an approved cavity wax, following paint operations.
aTwo-pack top coat
bTwo-pack primer filler and etch primer
cEtch phosphate
When heat curing paint repairs, the temperature must not exceed 65°C (149°F). Temperatures above this
figure will cause the reflective elements within the headlamps and taillamps to distort.

HEATING AND VENTILATION
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 80-1
HEATING A ND VENT ILATION DESCRIPTION AND OPERAT ION
Heating and ventilation component
layout
RH drive shown, LH drive similar
1Control panel
2Outlet vent
3Rear footwell ducts4Front footwell duct
5Air inlet duct
6Heater assembly

HEATING AND VENTILATION
80-2DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Fuel burning heater component layout
RH drive shown, LH drive similar
1FBH fuel line connection
2FBH unit3Air temperature sensor
4FBH pump

HEATING AND VENTILATION
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 80-3
Description
General
The heating and ventilation system controls the temperature and distribution of air supplied to the vehicle interior. The
system consists of an air inlet duct, heater assembly, distribution ducts and a control panel. An outlet vent is
incorporated at the rear of the cabin. Some diesel models also incorporate a fuel burning heater (FBH) system in the
engine coolant supply to the heater assembly.
Fresh or recirculated air flows into the heater assembly from the inlet duct. An electrical variable speed blower in the
inlet duct, and/or ram effect, forces the air through the system. Depending on the settings on the control panel, the air
is then heated and supplied through the distribution ducts to fascia and floor level outlets.