1995 NISSAN ALMERA N15 steering

ENGINEANDEMISSION BASICCONTROL SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
System Chart

I
Camshaft positionsensor

'1
Fuel
injection
&
mixture
ratio control Injectors
Knock sensor
Distributorignitionsystem Powertransistor
Mass airflow sensor
Engine coolant temperature
sensor
Ignition switch Idle
aircontrol system
Fuel pump control
*4

IACV-AAC valve(WithFICD
solenoid valve)
Fuel pump relay

•

'5

Throttle
positionsensor
Neutral positionllnhibitor
switch
Air conditioner switch ECM
(ECCS
control
module)
2

Oxygen sensormonitor

&
On-board diagnostic system

5
Torque converter clutchcan-
cel solenoid valvecontrol
(A/T models) Malfunction
indicatorlamp
(On theinstrument panel)
Torque converter clutchsole-
noid valve
VTC solenoid valve

*6
Air
conditioner relays
Cooling
fanrelay
EVAP canister purgecontrol
solenoid valve
Cooling
fancontrol
Air conditioner cutcontrol
during acceleration
Valve timing control
EVAP canister purgecontrol

7

6

Power
steering oilpressure
switch Battery
voltage
Intake airtemperature sensor

*3

I

Vehicle speedsensor

*2

I
Oxygen sensor

8
'8

Electrical load
• Rear defogger switch
• Lighting switch EGR

&
EVAP canister purge
control EGR
valve
&
EVAP canister
purge control solenoid valve
*1: Except forEurope andIsrael
*2: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
*3: For Australia
*4: IACV-AAC valveandIACV-FICD solenoidvalve(ForEurope andIsrael)
IACV-AAC valve(withFICDsolenoid valve)(Except forEurope andIsrael)
'5: Except forEurope
*6: GA16DE exceptforEurope andIsrael
*7: GA16DE MITmodels exceptforEurope, IsraelandAustralia
*8: For Europe andIsrael andAustralia, andGA15DE MITmodels

EC-23

ENGINEANDEMISSION BASICCONTROL SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
Multipart FuelInjection (MFI)System
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNALLINE

Camshaft positionsensor
Mass airflow sensor
Engine coolant temperature sensor

*1
Oxygen sensor
Throttle position sensor
Neutral position/Inhibitor switch
Vehicle speedsensor
~gnition switch
Air conditioner switch
Power steering oilpressure switch
Battery Engine
speedandpiston position
Amount ofintake air
Engine coolant temperature
Density ofoxygen inexhaust gas
Throttle position
Throttle valveidleposition
Gear position
Vehicle speed
Start signal
Air conditioner operation
Power steering loadsignal
Battery voltage ECM
(ECCS
control module) Injector
*1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)

BASIC MULTIPORT FUELINJECTION
SYSTEM

The amount offuel injected fromthefuel injector
is determined bythe ECM. TheECM controls the
length oftime thevalve remains open(injection
pulse duration). Theamount offuel injected isa
program valueinthe ECM memory. Theprogram
value ispreset byengine operating conditions.
These conditions aredetermined byinput signals
(for engine speedandintake air)from boththe
camshaft positionsensorandthemass airflow
sensor.
VARIOUS
FUELINJECTION
INCREASE/DECREASE COMPENSATION

In addition, theamount offuel injected iscom-
pensated toimprove engineperformance under
various operating conditions aslisted below.

<
Fuel increase>
• During warm-up
• When starting theengine
• During acceleration
• Hot-engine operation
• When selector leverischanged from"N"to
"D"
(AfT
models only)
• High-load, high-speed operation

<
Fuel decrease>
• During deceleration

EC-24

ENGINEANDEMISSION BASICCONTROL SYSTEMDESCRIPTION ~
Air Conditioning CutControl
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNALLINE

Air conditioner switch
Neutral position/Inhibitor switch
Throttle position sensor
Camshaft positionsensor
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Ignition switch
Vehicle speedsensor
Power steering oilpressure switch Air
conditioner "ON"signal
Neutral position
Throttle
valve
opening angle
Engine speed
Engine coolant temperature
Start signal
Vehicle speed
Power steering loadsignal ECM
(ECCS
control
module) Air
conditioner
relay

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

This system improves acceler8.tion whentheairconditioner isused.
When theaccelerator pedalisfully depressed, theairconditioner isturned offfor afew seconds.

Fuel CutControl (atnoload
&
high engine
speed)
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNALLINE

Vehicle speedsensor
Neutral position/Inhibitor switchVehicle
speed
Neutral position
Throttle position sensor
Engine coolant temperature sensor
Camshaft positionsensor Throttle
position
Engine coolant temperature
Engine speed ECM
(ECCS
control
module) Injectors
If the engine speedisabove 2,500rpmwith noload (for
example, inneutral andengine speedover2,500 rpm)fuelwill
be cut offafter some time.Theexact timewhen thefuel iscut
off varies basedonengine speed.
Fuel cutwill operate untiltheengine speedreaches 2,000rpm,
then fuelcutiscancelled.

NOTE:
This function isdifferent thandeceleration controllistedunder
"Multiport FuelInjection (MFI)System" onEC-24.
EC-28

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)
ECCS COMPONENT PARTS/CONTROL SYSTEMSAPPLICATION
DIAGNOSTICTESTMODE
Item WORKSELF-DI-
ACTIVEFUNC-
DATA
SUPPORT AGNOSTIC
MONITOR TION
TEST
RESULTS TEST

Camshaft positionsensor
X
X

Mass airflow sensor
X
X

Engine coolant temperature sensor
X
X X

Oxygen sensor'1
X
X X

Vehicle speedsensor
XX

Throttle positionsensor
XX
X X

Intake airtemperature sensor.'2
X
X

INPUT
Knock
sensor'3
X

Ignition switch(startsignal)
XX

I/)
Closed
throttle position
X
X

l-

ll:
Airconditioner switch
X

<

~

Park/Neutralpositionswitch
X
X

I-

Z

UJ
Powersteering oilpressure switch
XX

z

0
Electricalloadsignal
X

~

:E

0
Batteryvoltage
X

u

I/)
Injectors
XX
X

u
u
UJ
X(Ignition
Power transistor (Ignitiontiming) X X
XX
signal)
IACV-AAC valve X
XX
X
Valve timing control solenoid valve XX

X

OUTPUT
Air
conditioner relay
X

Fuel pump relay XX
XX
Cooling fan XX
X
EVAP canister purgecontrol solenoid
XX X
valve'4
EGR valve
&
EVAP canister purgecontrol
XX

X

solenoid valve'5
X: Applicable
'1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia AITmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia AITmodels)
'2: For Australia
'3: Except forAustralia
'4: GA16DE
MIT
models exceptforEurope andIsrael, andAustralia
'5: For Europe andIsrael andAustralia, andGA15DE
MIT
models

EC-49
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (ConI'd)
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC MODE
Regarding itemsdetected in"SELF-DIAG RESULTS"mode,referto"Diagnostic TroubleCode(DTC)
Chart" (RefertoEC-62.)
DATA MONITOR MODE

Monitored item ECM
Main
[Unit] input
signals Description
Remarks
signals
CMPS.RPM •Indicates theengine speedcomputed •Accuracy becomespoorifengine
(REF) [rpm]

00
from
theREF signal (180'signal) of
speeddropsbelow theidle rpm.
the camshaft positionsensor.
•Ifthe signal isinterrupted whilethe
engine isrunning, anabnormal value
may beindicated .
MAS AIR/FL SE[V]

0 0
•
The signal voltage ofthe mass air
•When theengine isstopped, acertain
flow sensor isdisplayed .
valueisindicated.
COOLAN TEMP/S
•The engine coolant temperature •When theengine coolant temperature
['C] or['F]

00
(determined
bythe signal voltage of
sensorisopen orshort-circuited,
the engine coolant temperature sen-ECMenters fail-safe mode.The
sor) isdisplayed.
enginecoolant temperature deter-
mined bythe ECM isdisplayed .
02 SENSOR [V]

00
•
The signal voltage ofthe oxygen sen-
sor*1 isdisplayed .
M/R F/CMNT •
Display ofoxygen sensorsignaldur-
•After turning ONthe ignition switch,
[RICH/LEAN] ingair-fuel ratiofeedback control: "RICH"isdisplayed untilair-fuel mix-
RICH ...means themixture became
tureratio feedback controlbegins.

0 0
"rich",
andcontrol isbeing affected •When theair-fuel ratiofeedback is
toward aleaner mixture.
clamped,thevalue justbefore the
LEAN ...means themixture became clampingisdisplayed continuously.
"lean", andcontrol isbeing affected
toward arich mixture .
VHCL SPEED SE

00
•
The vehicle speedcomputed fromthe
[km/h] or[mph] vehicle
speedsensor signalisdis-
played .
BATTERY VOLT[V]

0 0
•
The power supply voltage ofECM is
displayed .
THRTL POSSEN[V]

0 0
•
The throttle position sensorsignal
voltage isdisplayed.
INT/A TEMP SE['C] •The intake airtemperature deter-
or ['F]*2

0
mined
bythe signal voltage ofthe
intake airtemperature sensorisindi-
cated .
START SIGNAL

00
•
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionfromthe•After starting theengine, [OFF]isdis-
[ON/OFF] startersignal. playedregardless ofthe starter sig-
nal.
CLSD THLIPOSI •Indicates theclosed throttle position
[ON/OFF]

00
[ON/OFF]
determined bythe throttle
position sensorsignal.
ON: Closed throttle position
OFF: Other thanclosed throttle position
AIR COND SIG

00
•
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionofthe
[ON/OFF] air
conditioner switchasdetermined
by the airconditioning signal.
PIN POSI SW

00
•
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionfromthe
[ON/OFF] park/neutralpositionswitchsignal.
PW/ST SIGNAL •
Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionofthe
[ON/OFF]
00
power
steering oilpressure switch
determined bythe power steering oil
pressure signal.

NOTE:
Any monitored itemthatdoes notmatch thevehicle beingdiagnosed isdeleted fromthedisplay auto-
matically.

*1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
*2: For Australia

EC-51
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Conl'd)

FUNCTION TEST
CONDITION JUDGEMENT
ITEM CHECK
ITEM(REMEDY)
• Ignition switch:ON
COOLING FAN (Engine
stopped)
Thecooling fanrotates andstops every •
Harness andconnector
CIRCUIT •
Cooling fancircuit is
3seconds. •
Cooling fanmotor
tested whencooling fanis
•Cooling fanrelay
rotated .
• Ignition switch:ON-.
START
• Start signal circuit is
tested whenengine is
started byoperating the
starter. Beforecranking,
START SIGNAL batteryvoltage andengine
Startsignal: OFF-.ON •
Harness andconnector
CIRCUIT coolanttemperature are •
Ignition switch
displayed. During
cranking, averagebattery
voltage, massairflow
sensor outputvoltage and
cranking speedaredis-
played .
• Ignition switch:ON
(Engine running)
Lockedposition ON
•Harness andconnector
PW/ST SIGNAL •
Power steering circuitis
•Power steering oilpres-
tested whensteering
CIRCUIT wheelisrotated fullyand sure
switch
then settoastraight lineNeutral
position OFF•
Power steering pump
running position.
• Vehicle speedsensor cir-
•Harness andconnector
VEHICLE SPEED cuit
istested whenvehicle Vehicle
speedsensor inputsignal is
•Vehicle speedsensor
SEN CKT is
running ataspeed of10 greater
than4km/h (2MPH)
•Electric speedometer
km/h (6MPH) orhigher .
• After warming up,idle the
engine. •Adjust ignition timing(by
• Ignition timingadjustment
movingcamshaft position
IGN TIMING ADJ is
checked byreading The
timing lightindicates thesame
sensorordistributor)
ignition timingwithatim- value
onthe screen.
•Camshaft positionsensor
ing light andchecking
drivemechanism
whether itagrees with
specifications.
•INJECTION SYS(Injector,
fuel pressure regulator,
harness orconnector)
• Air-fuel ratiofeedback cir- •
IGNITION SYS(Spark
cuit (injection system,igni- plug,
power transistor,
tion system, vacuum ignition
coil,harness or
MIXTURE RATIO system,
etc.)istested byOxygen
sensor'1 COUNT:Morethan5 connector)
TEST examining
theoxygen times
during 10seconds •
VACUUM SYS(Intake air
sensor'1 outputat2,000 leaks)
rpm under non-loaded •
Oxygen sensor'1 circuit
state. •
Oxygen sensor'1 opera-
tion
• Fuel pressure highorlow
• Mass airflow sensor
'1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia AITmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia
A/T
models)

EC-55
•

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description

Goto
(J.

Adjust ignition timingby
turning distributor.

No
NG

(Go to
@
onnext page.)

OK
CONNECT
CONSULTTOTHE VEHICLE.

Connect "CONSULT" tothe data link
connector forCONSULT andselect
"ENGINE" fromthemenu. Referto

EC-36
DOES ENGINE START?
BEFORE
STARTING

1. Check service records forany recent
repairs thatmay indicate arelated •
problem, orthe current needfor
scheduled maintenance.
2. 9pen engine hoodandcheck thefol.
lowing:
• Harness connectors forimproper con-
nections
• Vacuum hosesforsplits, kinks,or
improper connections
• Wiring forimproper connections,
pinches, orcuts

CHECK IGNITION TIMING.

1. Warm upengine sufficiently.
2. Stop engine anddisconnect throttle
position sensorharness connector.
3. Start engine.
4. Check ignition timingatidle using
timing light.

Ignition liming:

Refer toEC-36.
Basic
Inspection
Precaution:
Perform BasicInspection withoutelectrical or
mechanical loads

applied;
• Headlamp switchisOFF,
• Air conditioner switchisOFF,
• Rear defogger switchisOFF,
• Steering wheelisin the straight-ahead position,etc.

m

\\

~
~ SEF1421

~use box

~-~

vll-JI-
Datalinkconnector~'

EC-65

TROUBLEDIAGNOSES -General Description
Symptom MatrixChart(Cont'd)

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AA ASAC AD AEAFAG AH AJAK ALAM HA
ECCS Camshaft
positionsensorcircuit

•••
0
0
()

0 0
EC-94
Mass airflow sensor circuit

••
•
0

•
••

•
EC-101
(Heated) oxygensensorcircuit

••
0

• •
•

•
EC-189,194
Engine coolant temperature sensor

••
•
0

••
•

•
•
•
EC-108
circuit
Throttle position sensorcircuit

•• ••• ••
•
EC-128
Incorrect throttleposition sensor

•
()
()

•
0
0

•
()

EC-65
adjustment
Vehicle speedsensor circuit
0
C)
()

0
EC-133
Knock sensor circuit

000 0
EC-119
ECM
0
()

0 0
()

0
()

()()

0 0
EC-64
Start signal circuit
0
EC-138
Park/Neutral positionswitchcircuit

0
0
0
0

0
EC-173
Power steering oilpressure switchcir-

0
(J

0
EC-169
cuit
• ;High Possibility Item

0;
Low Possibility Item

EC-72
(continued
onnext page)