When Monitored:
With the engine running in closed loop mode, the ambient/battery temperature above (-7°C) 20°F, altitude
below 8500 ft and fuel level greater than 15%.
Set Condition:
If the PCM multiplies short term compensation by long term adaptive and a certain percentage is exceeded for
two trips, a freeze frame is stored, the MIL illuminates and a trouble code is stored. Two Trip Fault. Three good
trips to turn off the MIL.
Possible Causes
EXHAUST LEAK
ENGINE MECHANICAL
2/2O2SENSOR
(K243) O2 2/2 SIGNAL CIRCUIT
(K399) O2 HEATER 2/2 CONTROL CIRCUIT
(K904) O2 RETURN DOWNSTREAM CIRCUIT
FUEL CONTAMINATION
Always perform the Pre-Diagnostic Troubleshooting procedure before proceeding. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE -
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING).
Diagnostic Test
1.ACTIVE DTC
NOTE: Check the vehicle repair history. If the 2/2 O2 has been replaced makesure that the O2 sensor was
properly installed and meets OEM specification.
NOTE: Check for contaminants that may have damaged the O2 Sensor: contaminated fuel, unapproved sil-
icone, oil and coolant.
Ignition on, engine not running.
With a scan tool, read DTCs.
Is the DTC active at this time?
Ye s>>
Go To 2
No>>
Refer to the INTERMITTENT CONDITION Diagnostic Procedure.
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
2.EXHAUST LEAK
Turn the ignition off.
WARNING: To avoid personal injury from the exhaust system being hot, allowthe exhaust to cool down to
a safe temperature before performing a physical inspection. Failure to follow these instructions can result in
personal injury or death.
Visually and Physically inspect the exhaust system for holes, cracks and blockage in the exhaust system.
Is the exhaust system is good condition?
Ye s>>
Go To 3
No>>
Repair or Replace as necessary.
Perform the POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - STANDARD PROCEDURE)
When Monitored:
While the engine is running.
Set Condition:
The oil pressure detected by the ECM is less than a calibrated value.
Possible Causes
LOW OIL LEVEL
(G6) SIGNAL CIRCUIT SHORT TO GROUND
OIL PRESSURE SWITCH
INTERNAL ENGINE DAMAGE
Always perform the Pre-Diagnostic Troubleshooting procedure before proceeding. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE -
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING)
Diagnostic Test
1.LOW OIL LEVEL
Check the engine oil level.
Is the engine oil in the safe operating range?
Ye s>>
Go To 2
No>>
Repair any condition that may cause the oil level to be above or below the safe operating range.
Perform POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST VER - 1 (DIESEL). (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/ELEC-
TRONIC CONTROL MODULES/ENGINE CONTROL MODULE - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING)
2.SIGNAL CIRCUIT SHORT TO GROUND
With the scan tool, erase DTCs.
Turn the ignition off.
Disconnect the oil pressure switch harness connector.
Turntheignitiononfor1minute.
Did DTC P0521 set?
Ye s>>
Go To 3
No>>
Repair the (G6) signal circuit shorted to ground.
Perform POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST VER - 1 (DIESEL). (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/ELEC-
TRONIC CONTROL MODULES/ENGINE CONTROL MODULE - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING)
3.OIL PRESSURE SWITCH
Measure the engine oil pressure with a mechanical gauge.
Is the oil pressure within the acceptable operating range?
Ye s>>
Replace the oil pressure switch.
Perform POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST VER - 1 (DIESEL). (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/ELEC-
TRONIC CONTROL MODULES/ENGINE CONTROL MODULE - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING)
No>>
Repair internal engine damage.
Perform POWERTRAIN VERIFICATION TEST VER - 1 (DIESEL). (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/ELEC-
TRONIC CONTROL MODULES/ENGINE CONTROL MODULE - DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING)
P0355-IGNITION COIL #5 PRIMARY
CIRCUIT................................. 1948
P0420-1/1 CATALYTIC CONVERTER
EFFICIENCY............................. 1952
P0432-2/1 CATALYTIC CONVERTER
EFFICIENCY............................. 1955
P0441-EVAP PURGE FLOW MONITOR . . . . . 1958
P0442-EVAP LEAK MONITOR MEDIUM
(0.040) LEAK DETECTED.................. 1962
P0443-EVAP PURGE SOLENOID CIRCUIT . . 1968
P0455-EVAP LEAK MONITOR LARGE LEAK
DETECTED............................... 1972
P0460-FUEL LEVEL SENDING UNIT NO
CHANGE OVER MILES.................... 1978
P0462-FUEL LEVEL SENDING UNIT VOLTS
TOO LOW................................ 1979
P0463-FUEL LEVEL SENSOR 1 CIRCUIT
HIGH.................................... 1982
P0500-NO VEHICLE SPEED SIGNAL ....... 1986
P0505-IDLE AIR CONTROL MOTOR
CIRCUITS................................ 1989
P0513-INVALID SKREEM KEY ............. 1994
P0522-OIL PRESSURE CIRCUIT LOW ...... 1996
P0523-OIL PRESSURE CIRCUIT HIGH ..... 2000
P0601-PCM INTERNAL CONTROLLER
FAILURE................................. 2003
P0622-GENERATOR FIELD NOT
SWITCHING PROPERLY.................. 2004
P0645-A/C CLUTCH RELAY CIRCUIT . . ..... 2008
P0801-REVERSE GEAR LOCKOUT CIRCUIT
OPEN OR SHORTED...................... 2012
P1195-O2 SENSOR 1/1 SLOW DURING
CATALYST MONITOR..................... 2016
P1196-O2 SENSOR 2/1 SLOW DURING
CATALYST MONITOR..................... 2019
P126B-ASD CONTROL CIRCUIT 2 LOW .... 2022
P126C-ASD CONTROL CIRCUIT 2 HIGH .... 2026
P126D-ASD CONTROL CIRCUIT 2 OPEN . . . 2030
P126E-ASD CONTROL CIRCUIT
OVERCURRENT.......................... 2034
P1272-A/C CLUTCH CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
LOW..................................... 2038
P1273-A/C CLUTCH CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
HIGH.................................... 2041
P1274-A/C CLUTCH CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
OPEN.................................... 2045
P1275-A/C CLUTCH CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
OVERCURRENT.......................... 2049
P1277-STARTER CONTROL CIRCUIT 2 LOW
(TIPM)................................... 2052
P1278-STARTER CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
HIGH (TIPM).............................. 2055
P1279-STARTER CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
OPEN (TIPM)............................. 2058
P127A-STARTER CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
OVERCURRENT.......................... 2061
P127C-FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
LOW..................................... 2064P127D-FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
HIGH.................................... 2067
P127E-FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
OPEN (TIPM)............................. 2071
P0127F-FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT 2
OVERCURRENT (TIPM)................... 2075
P1281-ENGINE IS COLD TOO LONG ....... 2078
P1282-FUEL PUMP/SYSTEM RELAY
CONTROL CIRCUIT....................... 2079
P1294-TARGET IDLE NOT REACHED ...... 2082
P1296-NO 5-VOLTS TO MAP SENSOR ..... 2085
P1297-NO CHANGE IN MAP FROM START
TO RUN.................................. 2089
P1388-AUTO SHUTDOWN RELAY CONTROL
CIRCUIT................................. 2094
P1389-NO ASD RELAY OUTPUT VOLTAGE
AT P C M.................................. 2097
P1391-INTERMITTENT LOSS OF CMP OR
CKP
..................................... 2100
P1398-MIS-FIRE ADAPTIVE NUMERATOR
AT L I M I T................................. 2104
P1486-EVAP LEAK MONITOR PINCHED
HOSE FOUND............................ 2106
P1492-AMBIENT/BATTERY TEMPERATURE
SENSOR VOLTAGE TOO HIGH............. 2110
P1493-AMBIENT/BATTERY TEMPERATURE
SENSOR VOLTAGE TOO LOW............. 2114
P1494-LEAK DETECTION PUMP SWITCH
OR MECHANICAL FAULT.................. 2117
P1495-LEAK DETECTION PUMP SOLENOID
CIRCUIT................................. 2121
P1499-HYDRAULIC FAN SOLENOID
CIRCUIT................................. 2126
P1594-CHARGING SYSTEM VOLTAGE TOO
HIGH.................................... 2130
P1598-A/C PRESSURE SENSOR VOLTAGE
TOO HIGH............................... 2133
P1599-A/C PRESSURE SENSOR VOLTAGE
TOO LOW................................ 2137
P1682-CHARGING SYSTEM VOLTAGE TOO
LOW..................................... 2141
P1687-NO CLUSTER BUS MESSAGE ...... 2146
P1695-BUS MESSAGE FROM BODY
CONTROL MODULE...................... 2148
P1696-PCM FAILURE EEPROM WRITE
DENIED.................................. 2151
*BRAKE SWITCH SENSE STATUS DOES
NOT CHANGE ON THE SCAN TOOL....... 2153
*CANNOT SHIFT INTO REVERSE .......... 2157
*CHECKING A/C SYSTEM OPERATION
WITH NO DTCS.......................... 2159
*CHECKING CHARGING SYSTEM
OPERATION WITH NO DTCS.............. 2163
*CHECKING RADIATOR FAN OPERATION . . 2167
*CHECKING THE PCM POWER AND
GROUNDS............................... 2169
B2277–CAN GATEWAY INTERNAL
(GATEWAY).............................. 2172
U0001–CAN C BUS CIRCUIT (GATEWAY) . . . 2172
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - ENGINE DIAGNOSIS - MECHANICAL
CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTIONS
NOISY VALVES 1. High or low oil level in
crankcase.1. (Refer to LUBRICATION &
MAINTENANCE -
SPECIFICATIONS)
2. Thin or diluted oil. 2. Change oil and filter.
3. Low oil pressure. 3. Check oil pump, if Ok, check rod
and main bearings for excessive
wear.
4. Dirt in lash adjusters. 4. Replace as necessary.
5. Worn rocker arms. 5. Replace as necessary.
6. Worn lash adjusters 6. Replace as necessary.
7. Worn valve guides. 7. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/CYLINDER
HEAD/INTAKE/EXHAUST VALVES
& SEATS - STANDARD
PROCEDURE)
8. Excessive runout of valve seats
on valve faces.8. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/CYLINDER
HEAD/INTAKE/EXHAUST VALVES
& SEATS - STANDARD
PROCEDURE)
CONNECTING ROD NOISE 1. Insufficient oil supply. 1. (Refer to LUBRICATION&
MAINTENANCE -
SPECIFICATIONS)
2. Low oil pressure. 2. Check oil pump, if Ok, check rod
and main bearings for excessive
wear.
3. Thin or diluted oil. 3. Change oil and filter.
4. Excessive bearing clearance. 4. Replace as necessary.
5. Connecting rod journal
out-of-round.5. Service or replace crankshaft.
6. Misaligned connecting rods. 6. Replace bent connecting rods.
MAIN BEARING NOISE 1. Insufficient oil supply. 1. (Refer to LUBRICATION &
MAINTENANCE -
SPECIFICATIONS)
2. Low oil pressure. 2. Check oil pump, if Ok, check rod
and main bearings for excessive
wear.
3. Thin or diluted oil. 3. Change oil and filter.
4. Excessive bearing clearance. 4. Replace as necessary.
5. Excessive end play. 5. Check thrust washers for wear.
6. Crankshaft journal out-of round. 6. Service or replace crankshaft.
7. Loose flywheel or torque
converter.7. Tighten to correct torque
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - ENGINE DIAGNOSIS - LUBRICATION
CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTION
OIL LEAKS 1. Gaskets and O-Rings. Misaligned
or damaged.1. Replace as necessary.
(a) Loose fasteners, broken or
porous metal parts.(a) Tighten fasteners, Repair or
replace metal parts.
2. Crankshaft rear seal 2. Replace as necessary (Refer to 9
- ENGINE/ENGINE BLOCK/
CRANKSHAFT OIL SEAL - REAR -
REMOVAL).
3. Crankshaft seal flange.
Scratched, nicked or grooved.3. Polish or replace crankshaft.
4. Oil pan flange cracked. 4. Replace oil pan (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/LUBRICATION/OIL PAN -
REMOVAL).
5. Timing chain cover seal,
damaged or misaligned.5. Replace seal (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/ENGINE BLOCK/
CRANKSHAFT OIL SEAL - FRONT
- REMOVAL).
6. Scratched or damaged vibration
damper hub.6. Polish or replace damper.
OIL PRESSURE DROP 1. Low oil level. 1. Check and correct oil level.
2. Faulty oil pressure sending unit. 2. Replace sending unit (Refer to 9
- ENGINE/LUBRICATION/OIL
PRESSURE SENSOR/SWITCH -
REMOVAL).
3. Low oil pressure. 3. Check oil pump and bearing
clearance.
4. Clogged oil filter. 4. Replace oil filter (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/LUBRICATION/OIL FILTER
- REMOVAL).
5. Worn oil pump. 5. Replace oil pump (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/LUBRICATION/OIL PUMP
- REMOVAL).
6. Thin or diluted oil. 6. Change oil and filter.
7. Excessive bearing clearance. 7. Replace as necessary.
8. Oil pump relief valve stuck. 8. Replace oil pump (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/LUBRICATION/OIL PUMP
- REMOVAL).
9. Oil pick up tube loose, damaged
or clogged.9. Replace as necessary.
CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTION
OIL PUMPING AT RINGS; SPARK
PLUGS FOULING1. Worn or damaged rings. 1. Hone cylinder bores and replace
rings.
2. Carbon in oil ring slots. 2. Replace rings (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/ENGINE BLOCK/PISTON
RINGS - STANDARD
PROCEDURE).
3. Incorrect ring size installed. 3. Replace rings (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/ENGINE BLOCK/PISTON
RINGS - STANDARD
PROCEDURE).
4. Worn valve guides. 4. Ream guides and replace valves
(Refer to 9 - ENGINE/CYLINDER
HEAD/INTAKE/EXHAUST VALVES
& SEATS - STANDARD
PROCEDURE).
5. Leaking valve guide seals. 5. Replace valve guide seals.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE
The results of a cylinder compressionpressure test can be utilized to diagnose several engine malfunctions.
Ensurethebatteryiscompletelychargedandtheenginestartermotorisingood operating condition. Otherwise the
indicated compression pressures may not be valid for diagnosis purposes.
1. Clean the spark plug recesses with compressed air.
2. Remove the spark plugs.
3. Disable the fuel system (Refer to 14 - FUEL SYSTEM/FUEL DELIVERY - DESCRIPTION).
4. Remove the ASD relay (Refer to 8 - ELECTRICAL/IGNITION CONTROL/AUTO SHUTDOWNRELAY-
REMOVAL).
5. Insert a compression pressure gauge and rotate the engine with the engine starter motor for three revolutions.
6. Record the compression pressure on the 3rd revolution. Continue the test for the remaining cylinders.
7. (Refer to 9 - ENGINE - SPECIFICATIONS) for the correct engine compression pressures.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - CYLINDERCOMBUSTION PRESSURE LEAKAGE
The combustion pressure leakage test provides an accurate means for determining engine condition.
Combustion pressure leakage testing will detect:
Exhaust and intake valve leaks (improper seating).
Leaks between adjacent cylinders or into water jacket.
Any causes for combustion/compression pressure loss.
1. Check the coolant level and fill as required. DO NOT install the radiatorcap.
2. Start and operate the engine until it attains normal operating temperature, then turn the engine OFF.
3. Remove the spark plugs.
4. Remove the oil filler cap.
5. Remove the air cleaner hose.
6. Calibrate the tester according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The shop air source for testing should maintain
483 kPa (70 psi) minimum, 1,379 kPa (200 psi) maximum and 552 kPa (80 psi) recommended.
7. Perform the test procedures on each cylinder according to the tester manufacturer’s instructions. Set piston of
cylinder to be tested at TDC compression,While testing, listen for pressurized air escaping through the throttle
body, tailpipe and oil filler cap opening. Check for bubbles in the radiator coolant.
All gauge pressure indications should be equal, with no more than 25% leakage.
FOR EXAMPLE:At 552 kPa (80 psi) input pressure, a minimum of 414 kPa (60 psi) should be maintained in the
cylinder.
HEAD-CYLINDER-RIGHT
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - HYDRAULIC LASH ADJUSTER
A tappet-like noise may be produced from several items. Check the followingitems.
1. Engine oil level too high or too low. This may cause aerated oil to enter the adjusters and cause them to be
spongy.
2. Insufficient running time after rebuilding cylinder head. Low speed runningupto1hourmayberequired.
3. Turn engine off and let set for a few minutes before restarting. Repeat this several times after engine has
reached normal operating temperature.
4. Low oil pressure.
5. The oil restrictor in cylinder head gasket or the oil passage to the cylinder head is plugged with debris.
6. Airingestedintooilduetobrokenorcrackedoilpumppickup.
7. Worn valve guides.
8. Rocker arm ears contacting valve spring retainer.
9. Rocker arm loose, adjuster stuck or at maximum extension and still leaves lash in the system.
10. Oil leak or excessive cam bore wear in cylinder head.
11. Faulty lash adjuster.
a. Check lash adjusters for sponginess while installed in cylinder head and cam on camshaft at base circle.
Depress part of rocker arm over adjuster. Normal adjusters should feel firm when pressed quickly. When pressed
very slowly, lash adjusters should collapse.
b. Remove suspected lash adjusters, and replace.
c. Before installation, make sure adjusters are full of oil. This can be verified by little plunger travel when lash
adjuster is depressed quickly.
REMOVAL
REMOVAL RIGHT CYLINDER HEAD
1. Disconnect battery negative cable.
2. Raise the vehicle on a hoist.
3. Disconnect the exhaust pipe at the right side
exhaust manifold.
4. Drain the engine coolant (Refer to 7 - COOLING -
STANDARD PROCEDURE).
5. Lower the vehicle.
6. Remove the intake manifold (Refer to 9 - ENGINE/
MANIFOLDS/INTAKE MANIFOLD - REMOVAL).
7. Remove the cylinder head cover (Refer to 9 -
ENGINE/CYLINDER HEAD - REMOVAL).
8. Remove the fan shroud (Refer to 7 - COOLING/
ENGINE/RADIATOR FAN - REMOVAL).
9. Remove oil fill housing from cylinder head.
10. Remove accessory drive belt (Refer to 7 - COOL-
ING/ACCESSORY DRIVE/DRIVE BELTS -
REMOVAL).
11. Rotate the crankshaft until the damper timing
mark is aligned with TDC indicator mark (2).
COVER - CYLINDER HEAD
REMOVAL
1. Disconnect battery negative cable.
2. Remove air cleaner assembly, resonator assembly and air inlet hose.
3. Drain cooling system, below the level of the heater hoses (Refer to 7 - COOLING - STANDARD PROCEDURE).
4. Remove accessory drive belt (Refer to 7 - COOLING/ACCESSORY DRIVE/DRIVE BELTS - REMOVAL).
5. Remove air conditioning compressor retaining bolts and move compressortotheleft.
6. Remove heater hoses.
7. Disconnect injector and ignition coil connectors.
8. Disconnect and remove positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) hose.
9. Remove oil fill tube.
10. Un-clip injector and ignition coil harness and move away from cylinderhead cover.
11. Remove right rear breather tube and filter assembly.
12. Remove cylinder head cover retaining bolts.
13. Remove cylinder head cover.
INSTALLATION
CAUTION: Do not use harsh cleaners to clean the cylinder head covers. Severedamagetocoversmay
occur.
NOTE: The gasket may be used again, provided no cuts, tears, or deformationhas occurred.
1. Clean cylinder head cover and both sealing surfaces. Inspect and replace gasket as necessary.
2. Tighten cylinder head cover bolts and double ended studs to 12 Nꞏm (105 in.lbs).
3. Install right rear breather tube and filter assembly.
4. Connect injector, ignition coil electrical connectors and harness retaining clips.
5. Install the oil fill tube.
6. Install PCV hose.
7. Install heater hoses.
8. Install air conditioning compressor retaining bolts.
9. Install accessory drive belt (Refer to 7 - COOLING/ACCESSORY DRIVE/DRIVE BELTS - INSTALLATION).
10. Fill Cooling system (Refer to 7 - COOLING - STANDARD PROCEDURE).
11. Install air cleaner assembly, resonator assembly and air inlet hose.
12. Connect battery negative cable.