STEERING
DESCRIPTION
CAUTION: MOPARATF+4 is to be used in the power steering system. No other power steering or auto-
matic transmission fluid is to be used in the system. Damage may result to the power steering pump and
system if any other fluid is used, and do not overfill.
Power steering systems consist of:
Steering column
Rack and pinion steering gear
Belt driven hydraulic steering pump
Pump pressure and return hoses
Oil Cooler
OPERATION
The steering column shaft isattached to the gear pin-
ion. The rotation of the pinion moves the gear rack
from side-to-side. This lateral action of the rack
pushes and pulls the tie rods (4) to change the direc-
tion of the front wheels.
Power assist is provided by an engine mounted
hydraulic pump which supplies hydraulic fluid pressure
to the steering gear (6).
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
POWER STEERING SYSTEM
STEERING NOISE
CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTION
OBJECTIONAL HISS OR
WHISTLE1. Steering intermediate shaft to dash panel
seal.1. Check and repair seal at dash
panel.
2. Noisy valve in power steering gear. 2. Replace steering gear.
7. Install the input shaft seal protector 8986 (2).
8. Coat the new seal inhigh temp greaseand Install
the new oil seal using the input shaft seal installer
tool 8987 driver (2) and C-4171 handle (3).
NOTE: Drive the oil seal into the housing until the
outer edge does not quite clear the snap ring
groove.
9. Insert the snap ring into the housing. Using the
input shaft seal installer 8987 driver (2) and C-4171
handle (3) push the snap ring and oil seal together
until the snap ring seats in the groove.
NOTE: Generous amounts of the high temperature
grease from the seal kit should be applied to areas
between the pitman shaft bearing and oil seals
and also between the dust seals and snap ring.
10. Install the new dust seal usinghigh temp grease, special tool C-4171 (handle) (3) and 8987 (driver) (2).
11. Check to make sure the gear is centered in the
middle tooth (1) before installing the pitman shaft.
12. Install the pitman shaft into the steering gear (Refer to 19 - STEERING/GEAR/PITMAN SHAFT - INSTALLA-
TION).
13. Perform over-center meshload adjustment (Refer to 19 - STEERING/GEAR- ADJUSTMENTS).
14. Install the steering gear to the vehicle (Refer to 19 - STEERING/GEAR - INSTALLATION).
15. Perform a wheel alignment (Refer to2 - SUSPENSION/WHEEL ALIGNMENT - STANDARD PROCEDURE).
page page
PUMP
DESCRIPTION ................................ 77
OPERATION .................................. 77
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
PUMP LEAKAGE ............................ 77
STANDARD PROCEDURE
FLUSHING POWER STEERING SYSTEM . . . . . 77
POWER STEERING PUMP - INITIAL
OPERATION................................ 78
REMOVAL
GAS ENGINE ............................... 79
DIESEL ENGINE............................ 79
INSTALLATION
GAS ENGINE ............................... 80
DIESEL ENGINE............................ 80
SPECIFICATIONS
TORQUE ................................... 81
FLUID
DESCRIPTION ................................ 82
STANDARD PROCEDURE
POWER STEERING FLUID LEVEL
CHECKING................................. 82
FLUID COOLER
REMOVAL .................................... 83
INSTALLATION ............................... 83
HOSES - I.F.S.
REMOVAL
RETURN HOSE - GEAR TO COOLER ......... 85PRESSURE HOSE .......................... 85
RETURN HOSE - RESERVOIR TO COOLER . . 85
INSTALLATION
RETURN HOSE - GEAR TO COOLER ......... 86
PRESSURE HOSE .......................... 86
RETURN HOSE - RESERVOIR TO COOLER . . 86
HOSES - LINK/COIL
REMOVAL
RETURN HOSE - GEAR TO COOLER ......... 87
PRESSURE HOSE .......................... 87
RETURN HOSE - RESERVOIR TO COOLER . . 87
INSTALLATION
RETURN HOSE - GEAR TO COOLER ......... 88
PRESSURE HOSE .......................... 88
RETURN HOSE - RESERVOIR TO COOLER . . 88
SWITCH-POWER STEERING PRESSURE
DESCRIPTION ................................ 89
OPERATION .................................. 89
REMOVAL - 5.7L - HD VEHICLES ONLY ......... 89
INSTALLATION - 5.7L - HD VEHICLES ONLY .... 89
PULLEY
REMOVAL .................................... 90
INSTALLATION ............................... 90
RESERVOIR
REMOVAL .................................... 91
INSTALLATION ............................... 91
1. Raise the front end of the vehicle off the ground until the wheels are freeto turn.
2. Remove the return line from the pump.
NOTE: If vehicle is equipped with a hydraulic booster remove both return lines from the pump.
3. Plug the return line port/ports at the pump.
4. Position the return line/lines into a large container to catch the fluid.
5. While an assistant is filling the pump reservoir start the engine.
6. With the engine running at idle turn the wheel back and forth.
NOTE: Do not contact or hold the wheel against the steering stops.
7. Run a quart of fluid through the system then stop the engine and install the return line/lines.
8. Fill the system with fluid and perform Steering Pump Initial Operation,(Refer to 19 - STEERING/PUMP - STAN-
DARD PROCEDURE).
9. Start the engine and run it for fifteen minutes then stop the engine.
10. Remove the return line/lines from the pump and plug the pump port/ports.
11. Pour fresh fluid into the reservoir and check the draining fluid for contamination. If the fluid is still contaminated,
then flush the system again.
12. Install the return line/lines and perform Steering Pump Initial Operation, (Refer to 19 - STEERING/PUMP -
STANDARD PROCEDURE).
POWER STEERING PUMP - INITIAL OPERATION
WARNING: THE FLUID LEVEL SHOULD BE CHECKED WITH ENGINE OFF TO PREVENT INJURYFROMMOV-
ING COMPONENTS.
CAUTION: MOPAR
ATF+4 is to be used in the power steering system. No other power steering or auto-
matic transmission fluid is to be used in the system. Damage may result to the power steering pump and
system if any other fluid is used, and do not overfill.
Wipe filler cap clean, then check the fluid level. The dipstick should indicateCOLDwhen the fluid is at normal
temperature.
1. Turn steering wheel all the way to the left.
2. Fill reservoir up to FULL HOT level and crank engine until it just starts.(DO NOT TURN STEERING WHEEL).
Then turn vehicle off. And recheck fluid level, to Full COLD.
3. Crank engine again until it just starts, (DO NOT MOVE STEERING WHEEL). and turn vehicle off. Recheck fluid
leveltoFullCOLD.
4. Turn engine on again, (DO NOT MOVE STEERING WHEEL) and let the vehicle idle for 5 minutes. If possible
apply a 20 in-Hg vacuum to the reservoir, while engine is idling.
5. Turn engine off and recheck fluid level, to FULL COLD.
6.If the Steering gear is replacedensure reservoir is at FULL HOT level, start engine and turn wheel to left. Stop
Engine and recheck fluid level to FULL HOT. Start engine and turn wheel to the right. Stop engine and check
fluid level is at FULL COLD.
7. Fill the pump fluid reservoir to the proper level and let the fluid settlefor at least two (2) minutes.
8. Start the engine. With the engine idling maintain the fluid level.
9. Raise the front wheels off the ground.
10. Slowly turn the steering wheel lock-to-lock 20 times with the engine off while checking the fluid level.
NOTE: For vehicles with long return lines or oil coolers turn wheel 40 times.
11. Lower the front wheels and let the engine idle for two minutes.
12. Turn the steering wheel in both direction and verify power assist and quiet operation of the pump.
If the fluid is extremely foamy or milky looking, allow the vehicle to standa few minutes and repeat the procedure.
FLUID
DESCRIPTION
NOTE: It is normal that some pressure will build up inside the reservoir, especially, with a warm vehicle. A
slight popping noise upon removal ofthe cap is normal. The fluid level should read between the ADD and
the FULL COLD marks. When the fluid is hotit should read between ADD and FULLHOT marks. Only add
fluid when the vehicle is cold.
The recommended fluid for the power steering system is Mopar
AT F + 4 .
Mopar
ATF+4, when new is red in color. The ATF+4 is dyed red so it can be identified from other fluids used in the
vehicle such as engine oil or antifreeze. The red color is not permanent andis not an indicator of fluid condition, As
the vehicle is driven, the ATF+4 will begin to look darker in color and may eventually become brown.THIS IS NOR-
MAL.ATF+4 also has a unique odor that may change with age. Consequently, odor and color cannot be used to
indicate the fluid condition or the need for a fluid change.
STANDARD PROCEDURE
POWER STEERING FLUID LEVEL CHECKING
WARNING: FLUID LEVEL SHOULD BE CHECKED WITH THE ENGINE OFF TO PREVENT PERSONAL INJURY
FROM MOVING PARTS.
CAUTION: MOPAR
ATF+4 is to be used in the power steering system. No other power steering or auto-
matic transmission fluid is to be used in the system. Damage may result to the power steering pump and
system if any other fluid is used, and do not overfill.
The power steering fluid level can be viewed on the dipstick attached to thefiller cap. There are two ranges listed
on the dipstick, COLD and HOT. Before opening power steering system, wipe the reservoir filler cap free of dirt and
debris. Remove the cap and check the fluid level on its dipstick. When the fluid is at normal ambient temperature,
approximately 21°C to 27°C (70°F to 80°F), the fluid level should read between the minimum and maximum area of
the cold range. When the fluid is hot, fluid level is allowed to read up to thehighest end of the HOT range. Only add
fluid when the vehicle is cold.
Use only Mopar
AT F + 4 .Do not overfill the power steering system.
MANUAL TRANSMISSION - G56 - SERVICE INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
MANUAL TRANSMISSION - G56
LOW LUBRICANT LEVEL
A low transmission lubricant level is generally the result of a leak, inadequate lubricant fill or incorrect lubricant level
check.
Rear transmission leakswill be from the oil seals or component mating surfaces.
Front transmission leakswill be from the front input shaft retainer seal. Lubricant may drip from theclutchhousing
after extended operation. If leak is severe, it may contaminate the clutchdisc.
Lubricant level checkcan only be made when the vehicle is level and allowing the lubricant to settle for a minute
before checking. This will ensure an accurate check and avoid an under or overfill condition.
HARD SHIFTING
Hard shifting is usually caused by low lubricant level, improper or contaminated lubricants. This will cause noise,
excessive wear, internal bind, and hard shifting. Substantial lubricantleaks can result in gear, shift rail, synchro, and
bearing damage. The first indications of component damage is usually hardshifting and noise.
Shift component damage, clutch adjustment, worn pressure plate or disc are also causes of increased shift effort. If
clutch problem is advanced, gear clash during shifts can result. Worn or damaged synchronizer rings can cause
gear clash when shifting into any forward gear. In some new or rebuilt transmissions, new synchro rings may tend
to stick slightly causing hard or noisy shifts. In most cases, this condition will decline as the rings wear-in.
TRANSMISSION NOISE
Most manual transmissions make some noise during normal operation. Rotating gears generate a mild whine that is
audible, but generally only at extreme speeds.
Severe, highly audible transmission noise is generally the initial indicator of a lubricant problem. Insufficient,
improper or contaminated lubricant will promote rapid wear of gears, synchronizer rings, shift rails, forks and bear-
ings. The overheating caused by a lubricant problem, can also lead to gear and bearing damage.
MANUAL TRANSMISSION - GETRAG 238 - SERVICE INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
MANUAL TRANSMISSION - GETRAG 238
LOW LUBRICANT LEVEL
A low transmission lubricant level is generally the result of a leak, inadequate lubricant fill or incorrect lubricant level
check.
Rear transmission leakswill be from the oil seals or transfer case front seal on 4x4.
Front transmission leakswill be from the front input shaft retainer seal. Lubricant may drip from theclutchhousing
after extended operation. If leak is severe, it may contaminate the clutchdisc.
Lubricant level checkcan only be made when the vehicle is level and allowing the lubricant to settle for a minute
before checking. This will ensure an accurate check and avoid an under or overfill condition.
HARD SHIFTING
Hard shifting can be caused by low lubricant level, improper or contaminated lubricants. This will cause noise,
excessive wear, internal bind, and hard shifting. Substantial lubricantleaks can result in gear, shift rail, synchro, and
bearing damage. The first indications of component damage is usually hardshifting and noise.
Shift component damage, clutch adjustment, worn pressure plate or disc, can increased shift effort. If clutch problem
is advanced, gear clash during shifts can result. Worn or damaged synchronizer rings can cause gear clash when
shifting into any forward gear. In some new or rebuilt transmissions, new synchro rings may tend to stick slightly
causing hard or noisy shifts. In most cases, this condition will decline asthe rings wear-in.
TRANSMISSION NOISE
Most manual transmissions make some noise during normal operation. Rotating gears generate a mild whine that is
audible, but generally only at extreme speeds.
Severe, highly audible transmission noise is generally the initial indicator of a lubricant problem. Insufficient,
improper or contaminated lubricant will promote rapid wear of gears, synchronizer rings, shift rails, forks and bear-
ings. The overheating caused by a lubricant problem, can also lead to gear and bearing damage.
STANDARD PROCEDURE
DRAIN AND FILL
1. Raise and support vehicle.
2. Remove drain plug (1) on transmission (2) and
drain fluid.
3. Install drain plug and tighten to 50 Nꞏm (37 ft. lbs.).
MANUAL TRANSMISSION-T56 - SERVICE INFORMATION
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
MANUAL TRANSMISSION - T56
LOW LUBRICANT LEVEL
A low transmission lubricant level is generally the result of a leak, inadequate lubricant fill or incorrect lubricant level
check.
Rear transmission leakswill be from the oil seals or component mating surfaces.
Front transmission leakswill be from the front bearing retainer or retainer seal. Lubricant may dripfromtheclutch
housing after extended operation. If leak is severe, it may contaminate the clutch disc.
Lubricant level checkcan only be made when the vehicle is level and allowing the lubricant to settle for a minute
before checking. This will ensure an accurate check and avoid an underfillor overfill condition.
HARD SHIFTING
Hard shifting is usually caused by low lubricant level, improper or contaminated lubricants. This will cause noise,
excessive wear, internal bind, and hard shifting. Substantial lubricantleaks can result in gear, shift rail, synchro, and
bearing damage. The first indications of component damage is usually hardshifting and noise.
Shift component damage, clutch adjustment, worn pressure plate or disc are also causes of increased shift effort. If
clutch problem is advanced, gear clash during shifts can result. Worn or damaged synchro rings can cause gear
clash when shifting into any forward gear. In some new or rebuilt transmissions, new synchro rings may tend to stick
slightly causing hard or noisy shifts. In most cases, this condition will decline as the rings wear-in.
TRANSMISSION NOISE
Most manual transmissions make some noise during normal operation. Rotating gears generate a mild whine that is
audible, but generally only at extreme speeds.
Severe, highly audible transmission noise is generally the initial indicator of a lubricant problem. Insufficient,
improper or contaminated lubricant will promote rapid wear of gears, synchros, shift rails, forks and bearings. The
overheating caused by a lubricant problem, can also lead to gear and bearing damage.
STANDARD PROCEDURE - DRAIN AND FILL
1. Raise and support vehicle.
2. Remove drain plug (1) on transmission tail housing
and drain fluid.
3. Install drain plug and tighten to 38 Nꞏm (28 ft. lbs.).
4. Remove transmission fill plug on left side of the
transmission case.
5. Fill transmission to bottom of the fill hole.
6. Install transmission fill plug and tighten to 27 Nꞏm
(20 ft. lbs.).