2001 NISSAN ALMERA N16 Meter

SEM498G
4. Place Tool (B) (SST) between camshaft and the edge of the
valve lifter to retain valve lifter.
CAUTION:
+Tool (B) must be placed as close to camshaft bracket as
possible.
+Be careful not to damage cam surface with Tool (B).
5. Remove Tool (A).
JEM555G
6. Blow air into the hole to separate adjusting shim from valve
lifter.
+To avoid engine oil spills, wipe off oil fully beforehand.
Wear safety goggles, etc. during work if necessary.
JEM556G
SEM145D
JEM184G
7. Remove adjusting shim using a small screwdriver and a mag-
netic finger.
8. Determine replacement adjusting shim size following formula.
+Using a micrometer determine thickness of removed shim.
+Calculate thickness of new adjusting shim so valve clearance
comes within specified values.
R = Thickness of removed shim
N = Thickness of new shim
M = Measured valve clearance
Intake:
N=R+[Mþ0.28 mm (0.0110 in)]
Exhaust:
N=R+[Mþ0.30 mm (0.0118 in)]
Shims are available in 33 sizes from 2.10 mm (0.0827 in)
to 2.74 mm (0.1079 in), in steps of 0.02 mm (0.0008 in).
+Select new shim with thickness as close as possible to calcu-
lated value.
CYLINDER HEADYD
Valve Clearance (Cont'd)
EM-134

+Store the removed parts in sets by the cylinder No. to avoid
mixing them up.
JEM196G
11. Remove piston rings from pistons.
+Use piston ring expander (Commercial Service Tool).
+Avoid scratching pistons during removal.
+Be careful not to damage piston rings by expanding
excessively.
CAUTION:
+When piston rings are not replaced, make sure that piston
rings are mounted in their original positions.
JEM197G
12. Remove piston from connecting rod.
a. Remove snap rings using snap ring pliers.
JEM198G
b. With an industrial drier, heat pistons to 60 to 70ÉC (140 to
158ÉF).
JEM199G
c. Push out piston pin with a rod approx. 26 mm (1.02 in) in
diameter.
CYLINDER BLOCKYD
Disassembly (Cont'd)
EM-142

AEM023
PISTON AND PISTON PIN CLEARANCENJEM0073S011. Measure inner diameter of piston pin hole ªdpº.
Standard diameter ªdpº:
27.997 - 28.005 mm (1.1022 - 1.1026 in)
AEM024
2. Measure outer diameter of piston pin ªDpº.
Standard diameter ªDpº:
27.994 - 28.000 mm (1.1021 - 1.1024 in)
3. Calculate interference fit of piston pin to piston.
Dp þ dp = 0.002 - 0.006 mm (0.0001 - 0.0002 in)
If it exceeds the above value, replace piston assembly with pin.
SEM024AA
PISTON RING SIDE CLEARANCENJEM0073S02Side clearance:
Top ring
0.120 - 0.180 mm (0.0047 - 0.0071 in)
2nd ring
0.050 - 0.090 mm (0.0020 - 0.0035 in)
Oil ring
0.030 - 0.070 mm (0.0012 - 0.0028 in)
Max. limit of side clearance:
Top ring 0.2 mm (0.008 in)
2nd ring 0.1 mm (0.004 in)
JEM205G
+To measure top ring side clearance, align the outer circumfer-
ences of the ring and piston while pressing ring upward against
the upper surface of the ring groove. Under this condition,
measure the clearance between ring and bottom surface of the
ring groove.
+If out of specification, replace piston ring. If clearance exceeds
maximum limit with new ring, replace piston.
CYLINDER BLOCKYD
Inspection (Cont'd)
EM-144

The maximum limit is as follows:
A + B = 0.07mm (0.0028 in)
Nominal cylinder block height from crankshaft center:
252.95 - 253.05 mm (9.9586 - 9.9626 in)
+If necessary, replace cylinder block.
JEM206G
JEM207G
PISTON-TO-BORE CLEARANCENJEM0073S061. Using a bore gauge, measure cylinder bore in X and Y direc-
tions at A, B and C for wear, out-of-round and taper.
Cylinder bore inner diameter:
Standard
86.000 - 86.030 mm (3.3858 - 3.3870 in)
Wear limit
0.20 mm (0.0079 in)
If it exceeds the limit, rebore all cylinders. Replace cylinder
block if necessary.
Out-of-round (X þ Y):
Limit 0.015 mm (0.0006 in)
Taper (AþBþC):
Limit 0.010 mm (0.0004 in)
2. Check for scratches and seizure. If seizure is found, hone it.
SEM258C
3. Measure piston skirt diameter.
Piston diameter ªAº:
85.920 - 85.950 mm (3.3827 - 3.3839 in)
Measuring point ªaº (Distance from the top):
58.0 mm (2.28 in)
4. Check that piston-to-bore clearance is within specification.
+Calculate the clearance by using outer diameter at piston skirt
and inner diameter of cylinder (direction of X, point B):
Piston-to-bore clearance = Cylinder bore ± Piston
diameter ªAº
Standard [at room temperature 20ÉC (68ÉF)]:
0.070 - 0.090 mm (0.0028 - 0.0035 in)
+If the value is out of the specified range, replace piston and
piston pin assembly.
CYLINDER BLOCKYD
Inspection (Cont'd)
EM-146

JEM208G
+If cylinder block or pistons are replaced with new ones, select
piston as follows:
When using a new cylinder block:
+Identify the cylinder bore grade (No. 1, 2, or 3) on LH surface
at the rear of cylinder block and select a piston of the same
grade.
+The part No. of piston is specified together with the piston pin
as an assembly.
YEM025
When re-using a removed cylinder block:
+Measure the inner diameter of the cylinder block bore.
+Determine the bore grade by comparing the measurement with
the values under ªCylinder bore IDº of the table below. Choose
a piston of the same grade.
Selective fitting for piston:
Unit: mm (in)
Grade (punched) 1 2 3
Cylinder bore ID86.000 - 86.010
(3.3858 - 3.3862)86.010 - 86.020
(3.3862 - 3.3866)86.020 - 86.030
(3.3866 - 3.3870)
Piston OD85.920 - 85.930
(3.3827 - 3.3831)85.930 - 85.940
(3.3831 - 3.3835)85.940 - 85.950
(3.3835 - 3.3839)
5. Determine piston oversize according to amount of cylinder
wear.
+For oversize pistons, 0.25 and 0.5OS [0.25 mm (0.0098 in),
0.5 mm (0.0197 in) oversize] are available as service parts.
Refer to SDS, EM-167. When using an oversize piston,
hone cylinder so that the clearance between piston and
cylinder becomes the specified value. Be sure to use
appropriate oversize piston ring for the oversize piston.
6. Cylinder bore size is determined by adding piston-to-bore
clearance to piston diameter ªAº.
Rebored size calculation: D = A+BþC
where,
D: Bored diameter
A: Piston diameter as measured
B: Piston-to-bore clearance
C: Honing allowance 0.02 mm (0.0008 in)
7. Cut cylinder bores.
+When any cylinder needs boring, all other cylinders must
also be bored.
+Do not cut too much out of cylinder bore at a time. Cut
only 0.05 mm (0.0020 in) or so in diameter at a time.
8. Hone cylinders to obtain specified piston-to-bore clearance.
9. Measure finished cylinder bore for out-of-round and taper.
+Measurement should be done after cylinder bore cools
down.
CYLINDER BLOCKYD
Inspection (Cont'd)
EM-147

SEM316A
CRANKSHAFTNJEM0073S071. Check crankshaft main and pin journals for score, wear or
cracks.
2. With a micrometer, measure journals for taper and out-of-
round.
Out-of-round (X þ Y):
Standard
0.003 mm (0.0001 in)
Limit
0.005 mm (0.0002 in)
Taper (A þ B):
Standard
0.003 mm (0.0001 in)
Limit
0.005 mm (0.0002 in)
JEM212G
3. Measure crankshaft runout at No. 3 (center) journal.
Runout (Total indicator reading):
Standard 0.05 mm (0.0020 in)
Limit 0.10 mm (0.0039 in)
JEM214G
MAIN BEARING HOUSING INNER DIAMETERNJEM0073S15+Without installing main bearings, install main bearing caps,
and tighten bolts to the specified torque.
+Measure the inner diameter of main bearing housing with a
bore gauge.
Standard:
66.654 - 66.681 mm (2.6242 - 2.6252 in) dia.
+If the measurement is out of the specified range, replace cyl-
inder block and main bearing caps.
JEM213G
BEARING CLEARANCENJEM0073S08+Use either of the following two methods, however, method ªAº
gives more reliable results and is preferable.
Method A (Using bore gauge & micrometer)
Main bearingNJEM0073S08011. Install main bearings to the cylinder block and bearing cap, and
tighten the bolts to the specified torque. Then, measure the
inner diameter of the main bearings.
Oil clearance = Bearing ID ± Crankshaft journal OD
Standard: 0.039 - 0.066 mm (0.0015 - 0.0026 in)
CYLINDER BLOCKYD
Inspection (Cont'd)
EM-148

2. If the value is out of the specified range, select main bearings
to obtain the specified oil clearance, based on the measure-
ments of the main bearing housing inner diameter and crank-
shaft journal outer diameter.
JEM208G
When using a new cylinder block and crankshaft:
1) Identify the bearing housing grade (No. 0, 1, or 2) on LH sur-
face at the rear of the cylinder block, and locate the applicable
grade on the ªGradeº row in the table below.
2) Identify the journal grade (No. 0, 1, or 2) on the front surface
of the crankshaft, and locate the applicable grade under the
ªGradeº column on the table.
3) The main bearing to be used (STD 0 to STD 4) can be located
in the cell where the row and column cross.
JEM215G
When re-using removed cylinder block and crankshaft:
1) Measure the inner diameter of cylinder block main bearing
housing.
2) Locate the applicable cell where the measurement falls, on
ªCylinder block main bearing housing IDº row on the table.
3) Measure the outer diameter of the crankshaft journal.
4) Locate the applicable cell where the measurement falls, under
ªCrankshaft journal ODº column on the table.
5) The main bearing to be used (STD 0 to STD 4) can be located
in the cell where the row and column cross.
Selective fitting for main bearing
Unit: mm (in)
Cylinder block main bearing housing ID66.654 - 66.663
(2.6242 - 2.6245)66.663 - 66.672
(2.6245 - 2.6249)66.672 - 66.681
(2.6249 - 2.6252)
Crankshaft journal
ODGrade
(punched)012
62.967 - 62.975
(2.4790 - 2.4793)0+Bearing grade No.
+Bearing thickness
+Oil clearance
+Identification colorSTD 0
1.816 - 1.820
(0.0715 - 0.0717)
0.039 - 0.066
(0.0015 - 0.0026)
BlackSTD 1
1.820 - 1.824
(0.0717 - 0.0718)
0.039 - 0.066
(0.0015 - 0.0026)
Red or BrownSTD 2
1.824 - 1.828
(0.0718 - 0.0720)
0.039 - 0.066
(0.0015 - 0.0026)
Green
62.959 - 62.967
(2.4787 - 2.6790)1+Bearing grade No.
+Bearing thickness
+Oil clearance
+Identification colorSTD 1
1.820 - 1.824
(0.0717 - 0.0718)
0.039 - 0.066
(0.0015 - 0.0026)
Red or BrownSTD 2
1.824 - 1.828
(0.0718 - 0.0720)
0.039 - 0.066
(0.0015 - 0.0026)
GreenSTD 3
1.828 - 1.832
(0.0720 - 0.0721)
0.039 - 0.066
(0.0015 - 0.0026)
Yellow
CYLINDER BLOCKYD
Inspection (Cont'd)
EM-149

62.951 - 62.959
(2.4784 - 2.4787)2+Bearing grade No.
+Bearing thickness
+Oil clearance
+Identification colorSTD 2
1.824 - 1.828
(0.0718 - 0.0720)
0.039 - 0.066
(0.0015 - 0.0026)
GreenSTD 3
1.828 - 1.832
(0.0720 - 0.0721)
0.039 - 0.066
(0.0015 - 0.0026)
YellowSTD 4
1.832 - 1.836
(0.0721 - 0.0723)
0.039 - 0.066
(0.0015 - 0.0026)
Blue
3. When the specified oil clearance is not obtained with standard
size main bearings, use undersized bearings.
+When an undersized bearing is used, measure the inner diam-
eter of the bearing while the bearing is installed. Grind crank-
shaft journal so that the specified oil clearance is obtained.
JEM216G
Undersize bearing
Unit: mm (in)
Size Thickness
US 0.25 (0.0098) 1.949 - 1.953 (0.0767 - 0.0769)
CAUTION:
When grinding the crankshaft journal to use an undersize
bearing, avoid damaging the fillet R.
AEM027
Connecting Rod Bearing (Big end)NJEM0073S08021. Install connecting rod bearing to connecting rod and cap.
2. Install connecting rod cap to connecting rod.
Tighten bolts to the specified torque.
3. Measure inner diameter ªCº of connecting rod.
Inner diameter:
Standard 55.000 - 55.013 mm (2.1654 - 2.1659 in)
AEM034
4. Measure outer diameter ªDpº of each crankshaft pin journal.
5. Calculate connecting rod bearing clearance.
Connecting rod bearing clearance=CþDp
Standard: 0.031 - 0.061 mm (0.0012 - 0.0024 in)
6. If it exceeds the standard, replace bearing.
CYLINDER BLOCKYD
Inspection (Cont'd)
EM-150