1997 SSANGYONG KORANDO section 2c

SSANGYONG MY2002
4D-2 FRONT BRAKES
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
When the brakes are applied, fluid pressure is sent to
each brake caliper. The pressure at the caliper is ex-
erted equally against the caliper piston. The pressure
applied to the piston is transmitted directly to the
inboard brake pad. This forces the pad against the inner
surface of the brake rotor. At the same time, fluid
pressure within the caliper piston bore forces the caliper
to slide inward on its guide pins. This action brings the
outboard pad into contact with the outer surface of the
brake rotor. This pressure on both sides of the brake
rotor causes friction, bringing the vehicle to a stop.
BRAKE CALIPER
The caliper has a single bore and is mounted to the
steering knuckle with two mounting bolts. Hydraulic
pressure, created by applying the brake pedal, is con-
verted by the caliper to a stopping force. This force
acts equally against the piston and the bottom of the
caliper bore to move the piston outward and to slide
the caliper inward, resulting in a clamping action on
the rotor. This clamping action forces the linings against
the rotor, creating friction to stop the vehicle.Important:
•Replace all components included in the repair kits
used to service the caliper.
Lubricate the rubber parts with clean brake fluid to
ease assembly.
Do not use lubricated shop air on brake parts, as
damage to the rubber components may result.
If any hydraulic component is removed or discon-
nected, it may be necessary to bleed all or part of
the brake system. Refer to Section 4F, Antilock
Brake System And Traction Control System.
Replace the pads in axle sets only.
The torque values specified are for dry, unlubricated
fasteners.
Perform the service operations on a clean bench,
free from all oily material.
BRAKE PADS
There are two brake pads mounted to each caliper, one
inboard and one outboard. As front disc brake pad wear,
master cylinder reservoir brake fluid level will drop. Fluid
level should be checked after replacing pads.
BRAKE ROTOR
Each front disc brake rotor is vented to help cool it dur-
ing and after brake applications.

FRONT BRAKES 4D-5
SSANGYONG MY2002





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DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES
KAA4D020
PAD INSPECTION
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the front wheel. Refer to Section 2E, Tires
and Wheels.
3. Visually check the linings for minimum thickness
and wear.
4. Measure the thickness.
Important: The minimum discard thickness of the
lining is 2 mm (0.08 inch).
5. Install the pads in axle sets only.
6. Install the rear wheels. Refer to Section 2E, Tires
and Wheels.
7. Lower the vehicle.
FRONT DISC BRAKE ROTOR
INSPECTION
Thickness variation can be checked by measuring the
thickness of the rotor at four or more points around the
circumference of the rotor. All measurements must be
made at the same distance in from the edge of the
rotor.
A rotor that varied by more than 0.013 mm (0.0005
inch) can cause pedal pulsations and/or front end
vibration during brake applications. A rotor that does
not meet these specifications should be refinished to
specifications or replaced.
During manufacturing, the brake rotor and the toler-
ances of the braking surface regarding flatness, thick-
ness variation, and lateral runout are held very close.
The maintenance of close tolerances on the shape of
the braking surfaces is necessary to prevent brake
roughness.In addition to these tolerances, the surface finish must
be held to a specified range. The control of the braking
surface finish is necessary to avoid pulls and erratic
performance and to extend lining life.
Light scoring of the rotor surfaces not exceeding 0.4
mm (0.016 inch) in depth, which may result from normal
use, is not detrimental to brake operation.
Using a commercially available dial indicator, check
lateral runout as follows:
Notice: Permissible lateral runout is a maximum 0.07
mm (0.003 inch). If lateral runout exceeds the specifica-
tion, ensure that there is no dirt between the rotor and
the hub and that contact surfaces are smooth and free
from burrs.
1. Position the transaxle in NEUTRAL.
2. Remove the rotor. Refer to “Rotor” in this section.
3. Fasten the brake rotor to the wheel hub with two
wheel nuts. Refer to Section 2E, Tires and Wheels.
KAA4D030
4. Fasten a dial indicator to the brake caliper.
5. Set the gauge probe tip to approximately 10 mm
(0.394 inch) from the outer edge of the brake rotor,
perpendicular to the disc and under slight preload.
6. Remove the dial indicator and the wheel nuts that
connect the rotor to the hub.
Important: Since accurate control of the tolerances
is necessary for proper performance of the disc
brakes, refinishing of the rotor should be done only
with precision equipment.
7. Refinish the rotor, if required, with precision equip-
ment. Discard the rotor if it fails to meet the above
specifications after refinishing.
8. Install the rotor. Refer to “Rotor” in this section.

SSANGYONG MY2002
4D-6 FRONT BRAKES
KAA4D080
FRONT DISC BRAKE ROTOR
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the front wheels. Refer to Section 2E,
Tires and Wheels.
3. Remove the hub bearing assembly. Refer to
Section 2C, Front Suspension.
4. Remove the front disc brake rotor.
5. Installation should follow the removal procedure in
the reverse order.
KAA4D040
REPAIR INSTRUCTIONS
ON-VEHICLE SERVICE
BRAKE PADS
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the front wheels. Refer to Section 2E,
Tires and Wheels.
3. Remove the caliper guide lower bolt.
Important: Caliper assembly removal is not
necessary to service the brake pad.
Installation Notice
Take care not to damage the piston seal when
the retaining frame is pulled down.
Tightening Torque 31 Nm (23 lb-ft)
KAA4D050
4. Remove the brake pads.
Installation Notice:
Measure the minimum brake pad thickness.
Refer to “Lining Inspection” in this section.
Always change the all pads on one wheel at a
time.
5. Installation should follow the removal procedure in
the reverse order.

FRONT BRAKES 4D-7
SSANGYONG MY2002
KAA4D060
KAA4D070
CALIPER ASSEMBLY
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the front wheels. Refer to Section 2E,
Tires and Wheels.
3. Remove the brake hose mounting nut and
disconnect the hose. Plug the openings in the
caliper and the brake hose to prevent fluid loss
and contamination.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 30 Nm (22 lb-ft)
4. Remove the caliper mounting bolts and then
remove the caliper assembly.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 95 Nm (70 lb-ft)
Bleed the caliper. Refer to Section 4A, Hydraulic
Brakes.
Notice: do not move the vehicle until a firm pedal
is obtained or improper braking action will result.
Repeatedly press the brake pedal to bring the
pads in contact with the rotor.
5. Installation should follow the removal procedure
in the reverse order.
SPLASH SHIELD
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Raise and suitably support the vehicle.
2. Remove the front wheels. Refer to Section 2E,
Tires and Wheels.
3. Remove the hub bearing assembly. Refer to
Section 2C, Front Suspension.
4. Remove the front disc brake rotor. Refer to “Front
Disc Brake Rotor” in this section.
5. Remove the splash shield bolt.
Installation Notice
KAA4D090
Tightening Torque 6 Nm (53 lb-ft)
6. Installation should follow the removal procedure
in the reverse order.

SECTION 4E
REAR BRAKES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Description and Operation...................................4E-2
Drum Brake.........................................................4E-2
Disc Brake..........................................................4E-3
Service Specifications ..........................................4E-4
Diagnostic Information and Procedures..............4E-5
Inspection.............................................................4E-6
Drum Brake Type.................................................4E-6
Disc Brake Type..................................................4E-6
Cross Sectional View ...........................................4E-8
Drum Brake (KDAC).............................................4E-8
Disc Brake..........................................................4E-9Component Locator...........................................4E-10
Drum Brake.......................................................4E-10
Disc Brake........................................................4E-11
Rerair Instructions..............................................4E-12
On-Vehicle Service...............................................4E-12
Disc Brake Assembly ........................................4E-12
Drum Brake Assembly .......................................4E-17
Unit Repair..........................................................4E-22
Wheel Cylinder..................................................4E-22
Parking Brake Lever...........................................4E-23
Specifications.....................................................4E-24
Fastener Tightening Specifications.....................4E-24

SSANGYONG MY2002
4E-8 REAR BRAKES
YAD4C040
CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW
DRUM BRAKE (KDAC)
1 Backing Plate
2 Wheel Cylinder
3 Brake Shoe Lining
4 Brake Shoe
5 Lower Return Spring (Lower Shoe Spring)
6 Retainer Spring Pin
7 Compression Spring8 Retainer Spring Plate
9 Adjuster Assembly
10 Adjuster Lever
11 Return Spring (Adjuster)
13 Upper Return Spring (Upper Shoe Spring)
14 Bolt
15 Air Bleeder Nipple

SECTION 4F
ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM AND
TRACTION CONTROL SYSTEM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
General Description and System Opertion..........4F-3
Basic Knowledge Required...................................4F-3
ABS System Components...................................4F-3
Traction Control System (TCS) Description...........4F-3
EBD System........................................................4F-5
EBD Failure Matrix...............................................4F-6
Tires and ABS/TCS..............................................4F-7
Hydraulic Circuit...................................................4F-8
ABS 5.3...............................................................4F-8
ABS/TCS 5.3.....................................................4F-11
Component Locator...........................................4F-14
ABS, ABS/TCS 5.3............................................4F-14
Diagnosis............................................................4F-15
Diagnostic Circuit Check....................................4F-15
ABS Indicator Lamp Inoperative.........................4F-18
Traction Control System (TCS) Indicator Lamp
Inoperative.....................................................4F-22
EBD Indicator Lamp Inoperative.........................4F-26
Power Supply to Control Module,
No DTCs Stored..............................................4F-30
ABS Indicator Lamp Illuminated Continuously,
No DTCs Stored..............................................4F-34
Self-Diagnostics................................................4F-36
Displaying DTCs................................................4F-36
Clearing DTCs...................................................4F-36
Intermittents and Poor Connections....................4F-36
DTC 03 - Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor Fault ...4F-38
DTC 07 - Left Front Wheel Speed Sensor
Continuity Fault...............................................4F-40
DTC 04 - Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor
Fault...............................................................4F-42DTC 08 - Right Front Wheel Speed Sensor
Continuity Fault...............................................4F-44
DTC 05 - Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Fault....4F-46
DTC 09 - Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor
Continuity Fault...............................................4F-48
DTC 06 - Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Fault .4F-50
DTC 10 - Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor
Continuity Fault...............................................4F-52
DTC 11 - Wheel Speed Sensor Frequency Error ..4F-54
DTC 42 - Acceleration Sensor Fault....................4F-58
DTC 43 - Acceleration Sensor Continuity Fault.....4F-60
DTC 13/14 - Left Front Inlet and Outlet Valve
Solenoid Fault.................................................4F-62
DTC 15/16 - Right Front Inlet and Outlet Valve
Solenoid Fault.................................................4F-64
DTC 17/18 - Left Rear Inlet and Outlet Valve
Solenoid Fault.................................................4F-66
DTC 19/20 - Right Rear Inlet and Outlet Valve
Solenoid Fault.................................................4F-68
DTC 21/22 - Left Rear Prime Line and Traction
Control System (TCS) Pilot Valve Fault............4F-70
DTC 23/24 - Right Rear Prime Line and Traction
Control System (TCS) Pilot Valve Fault............4F-72
DTC 12 - Valve Relay Circuit Fault......................4F-74
DTC 24 - Pump Motor or Pump Motor
Relay Fault.....................................................4E-76
DTC 27 - Stoplamp Switch Fault.........................4E-80
DTC 28 - Low Voltage Fault................................4E-84
DTC 02 - ABS Control Module Internal Fault........4E-88
Scheatic and Routing Diagrams........................4E-90
ABS Circuit (Without TCS): Gasoline...................4E-90
ABS/TCS Circuit: Gasoline.................................4E-91
ABS/ABD (Automatic Brake
Differential Lock): Diesel.................................4E-93

ABS AND TCS 4F-3
SSANGYONG MY2002
GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND SYSTEM OPERATION
BASIC KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED
Before using this section, it is important that you have
a basic knowledge of the following items. Without this
knowledge, it will be difficult to use the diagnostic
procedures contained in this section.
•Basic Electrical Circuits - You should understand
the basic theory of electricity and know the meaning
of voltage, current (amps), and resistance (ohms).
You should understand what happens in a circuit
with an open or shorted wire. You should be able to
read and understand a wiring diagram.
Use of Circuit Testing Tools - You should know
how to use a test light and how to bypass
components to test circuits using fused jumper
wires. You should be familiar with a digital
multimeter. You should be able to measure voltage,
resistance, and current, and be familiar with the
controls and how to use them correctly.
ABS SYSTEM COMPONENTS
The ABS 5.3 Antilock Braking System (ABS) consists
of a conventional hydraulic brake system plus antilock
components. The conventional brake system includes
a vacuum booster, master cylinder, front disc brakes,
rear disc brakes, interconnecting hydraulic brake pipes
and hoses, brake fluid level switch and the BRAKE
indicator.
The ABS components include a hydraulic unit, an elec-
tronic brake control module (EBCM), two system fuses,
four wheel speed sensors (one at each wheel), intercon-
necting wiring, the ABS indicator, the EBD indicator
and the TCS indicator. See “ABS Component Locator”
in this section for the general layout of this system.
The hydraulic unit with the attached EBCM is located
between the surge tank and the bulkhead on the left
side of the vehicle.
The basic hydraulic unit configuration consists of hy-
draulic check valves, two solenoid valves for each
wheel, a hydraulic pump, and two accumulators. The
hydraulic unit controls hydraulic pressure to the front
calipers and rear calipers by modulating hydraulic
pressure to prevent wheel lockup.
Units equipped with TCS add two more valves for each
drive wheel for the purpose of applying the brake to a
wheel that is slipping. This is done with pressure from
the hydraulic pump in the unit. There is also a TCS
indicator lamp on the instrument panel to alert the driver
to the fact that the TCS system is active. The
components identified in the drawing are those added
to the basic ABS 5.3 system to provide traction control.
Nothing in the hydraulic unit or the EBCM is serviceable.
In the event of any failure, the entire ABS unit withattached EBCM must be replaced. For more
information, refer to “Base Braking Mode” and
“Antilock Braking Mode” in this section.
TRACTION CONTROL SYSTEM
(TCS) DESCRIPTION
General Information
The traction control system (TCS) is a traction system
by means of brake intervention only, available in a low
speed range (< 60kph).
It workes on µ - split roads with sidewise different friction
coefficients.
The spinning driven wheel is braked and the drive
torque can be transferred to the wheel on the high-µ
side. During TCS active, the TCS information lamp is
blinking.
The temperature of the brakes is calculated by a mathe-
matical model and TCS is switched passive if the calcu-
lated temperature is greater than a threshold value (500
°C).
TCS is permitted again, when the calculated tempera-
ture is less than 350 °C.
Control Algorithm
The input signals for the control algorithm are the
filtered wheel speed signals from the ABS speed
processing.
With the speed difference of the driven wheels, the
control deviation is calculated.
If the control deviation exceeds a certain threshold
value, the wheel with the greater slip is braked actively.
The threshold value depends on the vehicle speed:
It is reduced with increasing vehicle speed down to a
constant value.
KAA4F010