1996 TOYOTA LAND CRUISER Drive

CO117−02
CO−14
−
COOLING RADIATOR
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
REMOVAL
1. DRAIN ENGINE COOLANT
2. REMOVE BATTERY AND BATTERY TRAY
(a) Disconnect the battery cables.
(b) Remove the nuts, hold −down clamp and battery.
(c) Remove the bolt and disconnect the ground strap.
(d) Remove the 5 bolts and battery tray.
3. REMOVE RADIATOR GRILLE
Remove the 5 screws, clip and radiator grille.
4. DISCONNECT NO.3 WATER BYPASS HOSE
5. DISCONNECT RADIATOR INLET HOSE
6. DISCONNECT RADIATOR RESERVOIR HOSE
7. REMOVE RADIATOR
(a) Stretch the belts and loosen the water pump pulley mounting nuts.
(b) Loosen the lock, pivot and adjusting bolts of the genera- tor, and remove the drive belts.
(c) Disconnect the oil cooler hose from the clamp on the fan shroud.
(d) Remove the 2 bolts holding the fan shroud to the radiator.
(e) Remove the 4 water pump pulley mounting nuts.
(f) Pull out the fan with fluid coupling, water pump pulley and
fan shroud.
8. DISCONNECT A/T OIL COOLER HOSES
9. DISCONNECT RADIATOR OUTLET HOSE
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CO118−01
CO−16
−
COOLING RADIATOR
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
INSTALLATION
1. INSTALL RADIATOR
(a) Install the 2 radiator brackets with the 4 nuts. Torque: 12 N·m (120 kgf·cm, 9 ft·lbf)
(b) Install the radiator with the 2 bolts and 2 nuts. Torque:
Bolt: 18 N·m (185 kgf·cm, 13 ft·lbf)
Nut: 12 N·m (120 kgf·cm, 9 ft·lbf)
2. CONNECT A/T OIL COOLER HOSES
3. CONNECT RADIATOR OUTLET HOSE
4. INSTALL WATER PUMP PULLEY, FAN SHROUD, FAN WITH FLUID COUPLING AND DRIVE BELTS
(a) Place the fan with fluid coupling, water pump pulley and fan shroud in position.
(b) Temporarily install the fan pulley mounting nuts.
(c) Install the fan shroud with the 2 bolts. Torque: 5.0 N·m (50 kgf·cm, 43 in.·lbf)
(d) Connect the oil cooler hose to the clamp on the fan
shroud.
(e) Install the drive belts with the adjusting bolt and pivot bolt.
(f) Stretch the belts tight and tighten the 4 water pump pulley mounting nuts.
(g) Adjust the drive belts (See page CH−2 ).
5. CONNECT RADIATOR RESERVOIR HOSE
6. CONNECT RADIATOR INLET HOSE
7. CONNECT NO.3 WATER BYPASS HOSE
8. INSTALL RADIATOR GRILLE
Install the radiator grille with the 5 screws and clip.
9. INSTALL BATTERY AND BATTERY TRAY
(a) Install the battery tray with the 5 bolts.
(b) Connect the ground strap with the bolt.
(c) Install the battery with the hold−down clamp and nuts.
(d) Connect the battery cables.
10. FILL RADIATOR WITH ENGINE COOLANT
11. START ENGINE AND CHECK FOR LEAKS
12. CHECK AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION FLUID LEVEL
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DI5OT−01
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM Check Sheet
Customer’s Name
Driver’s Name
Data Vehicle
Brought in
License No.
Model and Model
Year
Frame No.
Engine Model
Odometer Reading
km
miles
Problem Symptoms
Engine does
not Start
Difficult to
Start
Poor Idling
Poor
Driveability
Engine Stall
Others
Engine does not crankNo initial combustionNo complete combustion
Engine cranks slowly
Other
Incorrect first idleIdling rpm is abnormalHigh ( rpm)Low ( rpm)
Rough idling
Other
HesitationBack fireMuffler explosion (after− fire)Surging
Knocking
Other
Soon after startingAfter accelerator pedal depressed
After accelerator pedal released
During A/C operation
Shifting from N to D
Other
Datas Problem
Occurred
Problem Frequency
Condition When
Problem Occurs
Weather
Engine Operation
Engine T emp.
Place Outdoor
Temperature Constant
Sometimes ( times per day/month)Once only
Other
Fine
CloudyRainySnowyVarious/Other
Hot
Warm CoolCold (approx. °F/ °C)
Highway
SuburbsInner CityUphillDownhill
Rough road
Other
Cold
Warming upAfter Warming upAny temp.Other
Starting
Just after starting ( min.)IdlingRacing
Driving
Constant speedAccelerationDeceleration
A/C switch ON/OFF
Other
Condition of MILRemains on Sometimes light up Does not light up
NormalMalfunction code(s) (code )
Freezed frame data ( )
NormalMalfunction code(s) (code )
Freezed frame data ( )
Normal mode
(Precheck)
Check Mode
DTC Inspection Inspector’s
Name
DI−2
−
DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
CUSTOMER PROBLEM ANALYSIS CHECK
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FI0534
DI5OU−02
P22892DLC3TOYOTA
−Hand− Held Tester
−
DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
DI−3
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
PRE−CHECK
1. DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM
(a) Description
When troubleshooting OBD II vehicles, the only dif-
ference from the usual troubleshooting procedure
is that you connect to the vehicle the OBD II scan
tool complying with SAE J1978 or TOYOTA hand −
held tester, and read off various data output from
the vehicle’s ECM.
OBD II regulations require that the vehicle’s on −
board computer lights up the Malfunction Indicator
Lamp (MIL) on the instrument panel when the com-
puter detects a malfunction in the computer itself or
in drive system components which affect vehicle
emissions. In addition to the MIL lighting up when
a malfunction is detected, the applicable Diagnostic
Trouble Codes (DTC) prescribed by SAE J2012 are
recorded in the ECM memory (See page DI−13).
If the malfunction does not reoccur in 3 trips, the MIL goes off
but the DTC remain recorded in the ECM memory.
To check the DTC, connect the OBD II scan tool or
TOYOTA hand−held tester to Data Link Connector
3 (DLC3) on the vehicle. The OBD II scan tool or
TOYOTA hand−held tester also enables you to
erase the DTCs and check freezed frame data and
various forms of engine data (For operating instruc-
tions, see the OBD II scan tool’s instruction book.).
DTC include SAE controlled codes and manufac-
turer controlled codes. SAE controlled codes must
be set as prescribed by the SAE, while manufactur-
er controlled codes can be set freely by the
manufacturer within the prescribed limits (See DTC
chart on page DI−13).
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N09214
DI−4
−
DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
The diagnosis system operates in normal mode
during normal vehicle use. It also has a check mode
for technicians to simulate malfunction symptoms
and troubleshoot. Most DTC use 2 trip detection
logic* to prevent erroneous detection, and ensure
thorough malfunction detection. By switching the
ECM to check mode when troubleshooting, the
technician can cause the MIL to light up for a mal-
function that is only detected once or momentarily
(TOYOTA hand−held tester only) (See step 2).
*2 trip detection logic:
When a logic malfunction is first detected, the mal-
function is temporarily stored in the ECM memory.
If the same malfunction is detected again during the
second drive test, this second detection causes the
MIL to light up.
The 2 trip repeats the same mode a 2nd time (How-
ever, the IG switch must be turned OFF between the
1st trip and 2nd trip.).
Freeze frame data:
Freeze frame data records the engine condition
when a misfire (DTC P0300 − P0306) or fuel trim
malfunction (DTC P0171, P0172) or other malfunc-
tion (first malfunction only), is detected.
Because freeze frame data records the engine
conditions (fuel system, calculator load, engine
coolant temperature, fuel trim, engine speed, ve-
hicle speed, etc.) when the malfunction is detected,
when troubleshooting it is useful for determining
whether the vehicle was running or stopped, the en-
gine warmed up or not, the air− fuel ratio lean or rich,
etc. at the time of the malfunction.
Priorities for troubleshooting:
If troubleshooting priorities for multiple DTCs are given in the
applicable diagnostic chart, these should be followed.
If no instructions are given troubleshoot DTCs according to the
following priorities. (1) DTC other than fuel trim malfunction (DTC P0171,
P0172), EGR (DTC P0401, P0402), and misfire
(DTC P0300 − P0306).
(2) Fuel trim malfunction (DTC P0171, P0172), and EGR (DTC P0401, P0402).
(3) Misfire (DTC P0300 − P0306).
(b) Check the DLC3. The vehicle’s ECM uses V.P.W. (V ariable Pulse Width) for
communication to comply with SAE J1850. The terminal
arrangement of DLC3 complies with SAE J1962 and
matches the V.P.W. format.
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DI5OY−03
−
DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
DI−19
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE
When the malfunction code is not confirmed in the DTC check and the problem \
still can not be confirmed
in the basic inspection, then proceed to this step and perform troubleshooting according to the numbered
order given in the table below.
SymptomSuspect AreaSee page
Engine does not crank (Does not start)1. Starting systemST−16
No initial combustion (Does not start)1. ECM power source circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuitDI−11 0
DI−11 5
No complete combustion (Does not start)1. Fuel pump control circuitDI−11 5
Engine cranks normally (Difficult to start)
1. Starter signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuit
3. CompressionDI−103
DI−11 5 EM−3
Cold engine (Difficult to start)1. Starter signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuitDI−103DI−11 5
Hot engine (Difficult to start)
1. Starter signal circuit
2. Fuel pressure control circuit
3. Fuel pump control circuitDI−103
DI−125DI−11 5
High engine idle speed (Poor idling)1. A/C signal circuit
2. ECM power source circuitAC−5
DI−11 0
Low engine idle speed (Poor idling)1. A/C signal circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuitAC−5
DI−11 5
Rough idling (Poor idling)1. Compression
2. Fuel pump control circuitEM−3
DI−11 5
Hunting (Poor idling)1. ECM power source circuit
2. Fuel pump control circuitDI−11 0
DI−11 5
Hesitation/Poor acceleration (Poor driveability)1. Fuel pump control circuit
2. A/T faultyDI−11 5
DI−147
Surging (Poor driveability)1. Fuel pump control circuitDI−11 5
Soon after starting (Engine stall)1. Fuel pump control circuitDI−11 5
During A/C operation (Engine stall)1. A/C signal circuit
2. Engine control module (ECM)AC−5
IN−18
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DI5OZ−02
A00152
Output Voltage
Power Transistor
B+
Thermistor
Platinum Hot Wire
A B
Thermistor Platinum Hot Wire
FI6929 P22263
DI−20
−
DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
CIRCUIT INSPECTION
DTC P0100 Mass Air Flow Circuit Malfunction
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The mass air flow meter uses a platinum hot wire. The hot wire air flow met\
er consists of a platinum hot wire,
thermistor and a control circuit installed in a plastic housing. The hot wire air f\
low meter works on the principle
that the hot wire and thermistor located in the intake air bypass of the hou\
sing detect any changes in the
intake air temperature.
The hot wire is maintained at the set temperature by controlling the curren\
t flow through the hot wire. This
current flow is then measured as the output voltage of the air flow mete\
r.
The circuit is constructed so that the platinum hot wire and thermistor pro\
vide a bridge circuit, with the power
transistor controlled so that the potential of ”A” and ”B” remains equ\
al to maintain the set temperature.
DTC No.DTC Detecting ConditionTrouble Area
P0100Open or short in mass air flow meter circuit with engine
speed 4,000 rpm or less. Open or short in mass air flow meter circuit
 Mass air flow meter
 ECM
If the ECM detects DTC” P0100” it operates the fail safe function, k\
eeping the ignition timing and injection
volume constant and marking it possible to drive the vehicle.
HINT:
After confirming DTC P0100 use the OBD II scan tool or TOYOTA hand −held tester to confirm the mass air
flow ratio from ”CURRENT DATA”.
Mass Air Flow Value (gm/sec.)Malfunction
Approx. 0Mass air flow meter power source open
 VG circuit open or short
439.0 or moreE21 circuit open
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FI4741
(fig.1)Acceptable
Resistance kΩ
− 20 0 20 40 60 80 100
( − 4) 32 68 104 140 176 212
30
20
10
53
2
1
0.5
0.3
0.2
0.1
Temp. °C (F °)
DI−26
−
DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE
1996 LAND CRUISER (RM451U)
DTC P0110 Intake Air Temp. Circuit Malfunction
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The intake air temperature sensor is built into the air flow meter
and senses the intake air temperature.
A thermistor built in the sensor changes the resistance value
according to the intake air temperature. The lower the intake air
temperature, the greater the thermistor resistance value, and
the higher the intake air temperature, the lower the thermistor
resistance value (See fig.1).
The intake air temperature sensor is connected to the ECM
(See next page). The 5 V power source voltage in the ECM is
applied to the intake air temperature sensor from the terminal
THA via a resistor R.
That is, the resistor R and the intake air temperature sensor are
connected in series. When the resistance value of the intake air
temperature sensor changes in accordance with changes in the
intake air temperature, the potential at terminal THA also
changes. Based on this signal, the ECM increases the fuel in-
jection volume to improve driveability during cold engine opera-
tion.
If the ECM detects the DTC ”P0110”, it operates the fail safe
function in which the intake air temperature is assumed to be
20 °C (68 °F).
Intake Air Temp.
° C (° F)Resistance
(kΩ)Voltage
(V)
−20 (− 4)16.24.3
0 (32)5.93.4
20 (68)2.52.4
40 (104)1.11.4
60 (140)0.60.9
80 (176)0.30.5
100 (212)0.10.2
DTC No.DTC Detecting ConditionTrouble Area
P0110Open or short in intake air temp. sensor circuit
Open or short in intake air temp. sensor circuit
 Intake air temp. sensor
 ECM
HINT:
After confirming DTC P110 use the OBD II scan tool or TOYOTA hand −held tester to confirm the intake air
temp. from ”CURRENT DATA”.
Temp. DisplayedMalfunction
− 40° C (− 40°F)Open circuit
140°C (284°F) or moreShort circuit
DI5P1−02
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