EM-92
< REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION >[HR16DE]
ENGINE ASSEMBLY
4. Remove engine mounting insulator (RH) (1), engine mounting
bracket (RH) (2) and engine mounting stay (3).
5. Remove engine mounting through bolt-securing nut (A).
6. Carefully lower jack, or raise lift to remove the engine and the transaxle assembly.
CAUTION:
Make sure that no part interferes with the vehicle side.
Before and during this lifting, always check if any harnesses are left connected.
During the removal, always be careful to prevent the vehicle from falling off the lift due to
changes in the center of gravity.
If necessary, support the vehicle by setting jack or suitable tool at the rear.
Separation
1. Remove starter motor. Refer to STR-13, "Removal and Installation".
2. Lift with a hoist and separate the engine from the transaxle assembly. Refer to EM-89, "
Exploded View".
INSTALLATION
Installation is in the reverse order of removal.
Do not allow engine oil to get on engine mounting insulator. Be careful not to damage engine mounting insu-
lator.
Make sure that each mounting insulator is seated properly, and tighten mounting nuts and bolts.
Tighten engine mounting insulator (RH) bolts in the numerical
order shown.
InspectionINFOID:0000000001381426
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
Inspection for Leaks
Before starting engine, check oil/fluid levels including engine coolant and engine oil. If less than required
quantity, fill to the specified level. Refer to MA-19, "
Fluids and Lubricants".
Use procedure below to check for fuel leakage.
- Turn ignition switch “ON” (with engine stopped). With fuel pressure applied to fuel piping, check for fuel leak-
age at connection points.
- Start engine. With engine speed increased, check again for fuel leakage at connection points.
Run engine to check for unusual noise and vibration.
Warm up engine thoroughly to make sure there is no leakage of fuel, exhaust gases, or any oil/fluids includ-
ing engine oil and engine coolant.
Bleed air from lines and hoses of applicable lines, such as in cooling system.
After cooling down engine, again check oil/fluid levels including engine oil and engine coolant. Refill to the
specified level, if necessary.
4 : Engine mounting insulator (LH)
JPBIA0512ZZ
: Vehicle front
JPBIA0280ZZ
CYLINDER BLOCK
EM-101
< DISASSEMBLY AND ASSEMBLY >[HR16DE]
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Disassembly and AssemblyINFOID:0000000001381434
DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove oil pan (upper). Refer to EM-96, "Removal and Installation".
2. Remove cylinder head. Refer to EM-80, "
Removal and Installation".
3. Remove knock sensor.
CAUTION:
Carefully handle knock sensor avoiding shocks.
4. Remove crankshaft position sensor (POS) and cover.
CAUTION:
Avoid impacts such as a dropping.
Never disassemble.
Keep it away from metal particles.
Never place the sensor where it is exposed to magnetism.
5. Remove piston and connecting rod assembly with the following procedure:
Before removing piston and connecting rod assembly, check the connecting rod side clearance. Refer to
EM-108, "
Inspection".
a. Position crankshaft pin corresponding to connecting rod to be removed onto the bottom dead center.
b. Remove connecting rod cap.
c. Using a hammer handle or similar tool, push piston and connect-
ing rod assembly out to the cylinder head side.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage matching surface with connect-
ing rod cap.
Be careful not to damage the cylinder wall and crankshaft
pin, resulting from an interference of the connecting rod
big end.
6. Remove connecting rod bearings.
CAUTION:
Identify installation positions, and store them without mixing up.
7. Remove piston rings form piston.
Before removing piston rings, check the piston ring side clearance. Refer to EM-108, "
Inspection".
Use a piston ring expander (commercial service tool) (A).
CAUTION:
When removing piston rings, be careful not to damage
the piston.
Be careful not to damage piston rings by expanding
them excessively.
10. Oil pressure switch 11. Top ring 12. Second ring
13. Oil ring 14. Piston pin 15. Piston
16. Connecting rod 17. Connecting rod bearing (upper) 18. Main bearing (upper)
19. Thrust bearing 20. Crankshaft key 21. Connecting rod cap bolt
22. Connecting rod cap 23. Connecting rod bearing (lower) 24. Main bearing (lower)
25. Crankshaft 26. Signal plate 27. Rear oil seal
28. Flywheel 29. Main bearing cap bolt 30. Main bearing cap
A. Refer to EM-101
KBIA3365J
PBIC3233J
PRECAUTIONS
EM-135
< PRECAUTION >[MR18DE]
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3. Disconnect both battery cables. The steering lock will remain released and the steering wheel can be
rotated.
4. Perform the necessary repair operation.
5. When the repair work is completed, return the ignition switch to the ″LOCK″ position before connecting
the battery cables. (At this time, the steering lock mechanism will engage.)
6. Perform a self-diagnosis check of all control units using CONSULT-II.
Precaution for Drain CoolantINFOID:0000000001337765
Drain coolant when engine is cooled.
Precaution for Disconnecting Fuel PipingINFOID:0000000001337766
Before starting work, make sure no fire or spark producing items are in the work area.
Release fuel pressure before disassembly.
After disconnecting pipes, plug openings to stop fuel leakage.
Precaution for Removal and DisassemblyINFOID:0000000001337767
When instructed to use special service tools, use the specified tools. Always be careful to work safely, avoid
forceful or uninstructed operations.
Exercise maximum care to avoid damage to mating or sliding surfaces.
Cover openings of engine system with tape or the equivalent, if necessary, to seal out foreign materials.
Mark and arrange disassembly parts in an organized way for easy troubleshooting and assembly.
When loosening nuts and bolts, as a basic rule, start with the one furthest outside, then the one diagonally
opposite, and so on. If the order of loosening is specified, do exactly as specified. Power tools may be used
where noted in the step.
Precaution for Inspection, Repair and ReplacementINFOID:0000000001337768
Before repairing or replacing, thoroughly inspect parts. Inspect new replacement parts in the same way, and
replace if necessary.
Precaution for Assembly and InstallationINFOID:0000000001337769
Use torque wrench to tighten bolts or nuts to specification.
When tightening nuts and bolts, as a basic rule, equally tighten in several different steps starting with the
ones in center, then ones on inside and outside diagonally in this order. If the order of tightening is specified,
do exactly as specified.
Replace with new gasket, packing, oil seal or O-ring.
Thoroughly wash, clean, and air-blow each part. Carefully check oil or coolant passages for any restriction
and blockage.
Avoid damaging sliding or mating surfaces. Completely remove foreign materials such as cloth lint or dust.
Before assembly, oil sliding surfaces well.
Release air within route after draining coolant.
Before starting engine, apply fuel pressure to fuel lines with turning ignition switch ON (with engine stopped).
Then make sure that there are no leaks at fuel line connections.
After repairing, start engine and increase engine speed to check coolant, fuel, oil, and exhaust systems for
leakage.
Parts Requiring Angular TighteningINFOID:0000000001337770
Use an angle wrench for the final tightening of the following engine parts:
- Cylinder head bolts
- Camshaft sprocket (INT)
- Main bearing cap bolts
- Connecting rod cap nuts
- Crankshaft pulley bolt (No angle wrench is required as the bolt flange is provided with notches for angular
tightening)
Do not use a torque value for final tightening. Tool number : KV10112100 (BT-8653-A)
EM-152
< ON-VEHICLE MAINTENANCE >[MR18DE]
COMPRESSION PRESSURE
If compression pressure is below minimum value, check valve clearances and parts associated with
combustion chamber (Valve, valve seat, piston, piston ring, cylinder bore, cylinder head, cylinder head
gasket). After the checking, measure the compression pressure again.
If some cylinder has low compression pressure, pour small amount of engine oil into the spark plug hole
of the cylinder to re-check it for compression.
- If the added engine oil improves the compression, piston rings may be worn out or damaged. Check pis-
ton rings and replace if necessary.
- If the compression pressure remains at low level despite the addition of engine oil, valves may be mal-
functioning. Check valves for damage. Replace valve or valve seat accordingly.
If two adjacent cylinders have respectively low compression pressure and their compression remains
low even after the addition of engine oil, cylinder head gasket is leaking. In such a case, replace cylinder
head gasket.
9. After inspection is completed, install removed parts.
10. Start the engine, and confirm that the engine runs smoothly.
11. Perform trouble diagnosis. If DTC appears, erase it. Refer to EC-781, "
Description".
CAMSHAFT
EM-193
< ON-VEHICLE REPAIR >[MR18DE]
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10. Install camshaft sprocket (EXH) (2).
NOTE:
Secure the hexagonal part (A) of camshaft (EXH) using wrench
to tighten bolt.
11. Install timing chain and related parts. Refer to EM-176
.
12. Inspect and adjust valve clearance. Refer to EM-148, "
Valve Clearance".
13. Installation of the remaining components is in the reverse order of removal.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
The following are procedures for checking fluids leak, lubricates leak.
Before starting engine, check oil/fluid levels including engine coolant and engine oil. If less than required
quantity, fill to the specified level. Refer to GI-27, "
Recommended Chemical Products and Sealants".
Use procedure below to check for fuel leakage.
- Turn ignition switch “ON” (with engine stopped). With fuel pressure applied to fuel piping, check for fuel leak-
age at connection points.
- Start engine. With engine speed increased, check again for fuel leakage at connection points.
Run engine to check for unusual noise and vibration.
NOTE:
If hydraulic pressure inside timing chain tensioner drops after removal/installation, slack in the guide may
generate a pounding noise during and just after engine start. However, this is normal. Noise will stop after
hydraulic pressure rises.
Warm up engine thoroughly to make sure there is no leakage of fuel, or any oil/fluids including engine oil and
engine coolant.
Bleed air from lines and hoses of applicable lines, such as in cooling system.
After cooling down engine, again check oil/fluid levels including engine oil and engine coolant. Refill to the
specified level, if necessary.
Summary of the inspection items:
* Transmission/transaxle/CVT fluid, power steering fluid, brake fluid, etc.
Inspection of Camshaft Sprocket (INT) Oil Groove
CAUTION:
Perform this inspection only when DTC P0011 is detected in self-diagnostic results of CONSULT-III
and it is directed according to inspection procedure of EC section. Refer to EC-796, "
Diagnosis Pro-
cedure".
Check when engine is cold so as to prevent burns from the splashing engine oil.
1. Check engine oil level. Refer to LU-15, "
Inspection".
2. Perform the following procedure so as to prevent the engine from being unintentionally started while
checking.
a. Remove intake manifold. Refer to EM-156, "
Component".
b. Disconnect ignition coil and injector harness connectors.
3. Remove intake valve timing control solenoid valve. Refer to EM-176, "
Component".
1 : Camshaft sprocket (INT)
Camshaft sprocket
bolt (EXH): 88.2 N·m (9.0 kg-m, 65 ft-lb)
PBIC3454J
Item Before starting engine Engine running After engine stopped
Engine coolant Level Leakage Level
Engine oil Level Leakage Level
Other oils and fluid* Level Leakage Level
Fuel Leakage Leakage Leakage
Exhaust gases — Leakage —
EM-198
< ON-VEHICLE REPAIR >[MR18DE]
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER HEAD
ComponentINFOID:0000000001337804
Removal and InstallationINFOID:0000000001337805
REMOVAL
WARNING:
Put a “CAUTION: FLAMMABLE” sign in the workshop.
Be sure to work in a well ventilated area and furnish workshop with a CO
2 fire extinguisher.
Do not smoke while servicing fuel system. Keep open flames and sparks away from the work area.
1. Release the fuel pressure. Refer to EC-1035, "
Inspection".
2. Drain engine coolant and engine oil. Refer to CO-35, "
Changing Engine Coolant" and LU-16, "Changing
Engine Oil".
3. Remove front fender protector (RH). Refer to EXT-22, "
Removal and Installation".
4. Remove drive belt. Refer to EM-142, "
Removal and Installation".
5. Remove the following components and related parts.
Exhaust manifold; Refer to EM-159
.
Intake manifold; Refer to EM-156
.
Fuel tube and fuel injector assembly; Refer to EM-162
.
Water outlet; Refer to CO-47, "
Removal and Installation".
Rocker cover; Refer to EM-173, "
Removal and Installation".
Front cover, timing chain; Refer to EM-176
.
Camshaft; Refer to EM-186
.
6. Remove cylinder head.
Loosen bolts in reverse order as shown.
Using TORX socket (size E18), loosen cylinder head bolts.
7. Remove cylinder head gasket.
1. Cylinder head assembly 2. Cylinder head bolt 3. Cylinder head gasket
A. Refer to EM-198
PBIC3542J
: Engine front
PBIC3206J
EM-208
< REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION >[MR18DE]
ENGINE ASSEMBLY
Always use the support point specified for lifting.
Use either 2-pole lift type or separate type lift as best you can. If board-on type is used for unavoid-
able reasons, support at the rear axle jacking point with a transmission jack or similar tool before
starting work, in preparation for the backward shift of center of gravity.
For supporting points for lifting and jacking point at rear axle, refer to GI-48, "
Garage Jack and
Safety Stand and 2-Pole Lift".
REMOVAL
Remove the engine and the transaxle assembly from the vehicle downward. Separate the engine and the tran-
saxle.
1. Remove engine undercover
2. Drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-35, "
Changing Engine Coolant".
CAUTION:
Perform this step when the engine is cold.
Do not spill engine coolant on drive belt.
3. Remove front fender protector (RH and LH); Refer to EXT-22, "
Removal and Installation".
4. Remove exhaust front tube; Refer to EX-10, "
Component".
5. Remove drive shafts (LH and RH) from steering knuckle. Refer to FA X - 7 , "
Removal and Installation".
6. Remove transaxle joint bolts which pierce at oil pan (upper) lower rear side. Refer to EM-207, "
Compo-
nent".
7. Remove rear torque rod (1).
8. Remove hood assembly. Refer to DLK-214, "
Removal and Installation".
9. Remove cowl top cover and cowl top extension assembly. Refer to EXT-20, "
Removal and Installation".
10. Release fuel pressure. Refer to EC-1035, "
Inspection".
11. Remove battery and battery tray; Refer to PG-6, "
Removal and Installation".
12. Remove drive belt; Refer to EM-142, "
Component".
13. Remove air duct and air cleaner case assembly; Refer to EM-154
.
14. Remove cooling fan assembly.
15. Remove radiator hose (upper and lower). Refer to CO-40, "
Component".
16. Disconnect all connections of engine harness around the engine mounting insulator (LH), and then tem-
porarily secure the engine harness into the engine side.
CAUTION:
Protect connectors using a resin bag to protect against foreign materials during the operation.
17. Disconnect fuel feed hose at engine side. Refer to EM-162, "
Component".
18. Disconnect heater hoses, and install plugs them to prevent engine coolant from draining. Refer to CO-47,
"Component".
19. Disconnect control cable from transaxle. Refer to TM-674, "
Exploded View".
20. Remove ground cable at transaxle side.
21. Remove ground cable between front cover and vehicle.
22. Remove generator. Refer to CHG-29, "
Removal and Installation".
23. Remove A/C compressor with piping connected from the engine. Temporarily secure it on the vehicle side
with a rope to avoid putting load on it. Refer to HA-32, "
Removal and Installation of Compressor -
MR18DE".
LBIA0460E
EM-210
< REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION >[MR18DE]
ENGINE ASSEMBLY
When installation directions are specified, install parts according to the directions. Refer to EM-207, "Com-
ponent".
Prior to installing the upper torque rod, apply a light coat of silicone
lubricant (A) to the washer facing side of the bushing inner tube as
shown.
NOTE:
Apply silicone lubricant (A) by dabbing the outward facing tube
surface with a sponge or suitable tool.
Do not apply excess lubricant.
Make sure that each mounting insulator is seated properly, and tighten nuts and bolts.
Tighten engine mounting insulator (RH) bolts in the numerical
order shown.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
Inspection for Leaks
The following are procedures for checking fluids leak, lubricates leak and exhaust gases leak.
Before starting engine, check oil/fluid levels including engine coolant and engine oil. If less than required
quantity, fill to the specified level. Refer to LU-15, "
Inspection", CO-35, "Inspection".
Use procedure below to check for fuel leakage.
- Turn ignition switch “ON” (with engine stopped). With fuel pressure applied to fuel piping, check for fuel leak-
age at connection points.
- Start engine. With engine speed increased, check again for fuel leakage at connection points.
Run engine to check for unusual noise and vibration.
Warm up engine thoroughly to make sure there is no leakage of fuel, exhaust gases, or any oil/fluids includ-
ing engine oil and engine coolant.
Bleed air from lines and hoses of applicable lines, such as in cooling system.
After cooling down engine, again check oil/fluid levels including engine oil and engine coolant. Refill to the
specified level, if necessary.
Summary of the inspection items:
* Transmission/transaxle fluid, power steering fluid, brake fluid, etc.: Vehicle front
LBIA0470E
: Vehicle front
WBIA0785E
Item Before starting engine Engine running After engine stopped
Engine coolant Level Leakage Level
Engine oil Level Leakage Level
Other oils and fluid* Level Leakage Level
Fuel Leakage Leakage Leakage
Exhaust gases — Leakage —