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17-5
Steering Linkage and Gearbox Inspection
STEERING COLUMN STEERING JOINTSTIE-ROD END BALL JOINT
BALL JOINT BOOT
BOOT
STEERING GEARBOX
GEARBOX MOUNT CUSHIONS TIE-ROD LOCKNUT
Inspect for loose
mounting hardware.
Check for a loose joint
bolt, or faulty movement.Inspect for faulty
movement and damage.
Inspect for damage
and deterioration.
Inspect for damage
and deterioration.
Inspect for loose mounting hardware.
Inspect for deterioration. Inspect for loose locknut.
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17-9
Column Cover Removal and Installation
I K
A B
C D
E
F
G
HK
J
B A
NOTE: Take care not to scratch or damage the column covers.
Do not pry the cover surface with any tools.
1. Release the lock lever (A), and adjust the steering column to full tilt down position and to the full
telescopic out position.
2. Insert a suitable sized screwdriver or equivalent tool (B) along the guide rib (C) into the lever hole
(D) in the lower column cover (E).
3. Release the hook (F) located on the left side of the upper column cover (G). A right side hook (H) of the
upper column cover can’t be released from the
inside. 4. Turn the steering wheel to the left, and release the
left pawl (I) of the upper column cover while
pushing the lower column cover from the front side.
5. Turn the steering wheel to the right, and release the right pawl (J) of the upper column cover in the
same way as in step 4.
6. Remove the cover by lightly pulling it up by releasing the right side hook of the upper column
cover.
Carefully release the pawls, note the hooks (K)
may break when the upper column cover is
pulled up too hard.
7. Remove the three screws, then remove the lower column cover (A).
8. Install the upper and lower column cover in the reverse order of removal, and push the hooks into
place securely.
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Removal
17-10 Steering
Steering Column Removal and Installation
Normal position
Out of position
A
A
A
A B
C D
SRS components are located in this area. Review the
SRS component locations (see page 24-11) and the
precautions and procedures (see page 24-13) before
doing repairs or service.
Be careful not to pull the bracket (A) on the front
side of the steering column out of its normal
position. If the bracket accidentally comes out,
replace the steering column as an assembly.
1. Do the battery terminal disconnection procedure (see page 22-68).
2. Remove the driver’s airbag (see page 24-188), and the steering wheel (see page 17-6).
3. Remove the driver’s dashboard undercover (see page 20-103).
4. Remove the column covers (see page 17-9). 5. Remove the steering joint cover (A).
6. Release the lock lever, and adjust the steering
column to the full tilt up position, and to the full
telescopic in position.
7. Tighten the lock lever.
8. Hold the lower slide shaft (A) on the column with a piece of wire (B) between the joint yoke (C) of the
lower slide shaft and joint yoke (D) of the upper
shaft to prevent the slider shaft from pulling out.
9. Release the lock lever, and adjust the steering column to the full telescopic out position, then
tighten the lock lever.
NOTE: Do not release the lock lever when removing
the steering column from the frame.
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17-1417-14 Steering
Steering Column Inspection
Steering Lock Replacement
D
B A
E
F
B C
A
B
1. Remove the steering column (see page 17-10).
2. Do these checks: Check the steering column ball bearing (A) andthe steering joint (B) for play and proper
movement. If any bearing is noisy or has
excessive play, replace the steering column as an
assembly.
Check the lower slide shaft (C) for smooth movement in and out. If the lower slide shaft is
removed, slip it into the upper shaft by aligning
the paint or stamped marks (D). If it sticks or
binds, replace the steering column as an
assembly.
Check the sliding capsules (E) for distortion or breakage. If there is distortion or breakage,
replace the steering column as an assembly.
Check the tilt mechanism and telescopic mechanism for movement and damage.
Check the absorbing plates (F) for distortion or breakage. If there is distortion or breakage,
replace the steering column as an assembly.
3. Install the steering column (see page 17-12). 1. Remove the steering column (see page 17-10).
2. Center-punch both of the two shear bolts, and drill
the heads of the bolts off with a 5 mm (0.20 in.) drill
bit. Be careful not to damage the switch body when
removing the shear bolts.
3. Remove the shear bolts from the switch body.
4. Install the switch body without the key inserted.
5. Loosely tighten the new shear bolts.
6. Insert the ignition key, and check for proper operation of the steering wheel lock and that the
ignition key turns freely.
7. Tighten the shear bolts (A) until the hex heads (B) twist off.
8. Rewrite the immobilizer control unit-receiver (see page 22-329), and make sure the immobilizer
system works properly.
9. Install the steering column (see page 17-12).
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Special Tools Required
Specified return angle: 7 3 °
17-15
Rack Guide Adjustment
AB
07MAA-SL0020A
A
B A
73°
B
44 N·m
(4.5 kgf·m, 33 lbf·ft)
Locknut wrench, 43 mm 07MAA-SL0020A1. Set the wheels in the straight ahead position.
2. Loosen the rack guide screw locknut (A) with the locknut wrench, then remove the rack guide screw
(B).
3. Remove the old sealant from the rack guide screw (A), and apply new sealant (Three Bond 1215 or
Loctite 5699) to the middle of the threads (B).
Loosely install the rack guide screw on the steering
gearbox.
NOTE: If more than 5 minutes has passed after
applying the sealant, remove the old sealant and
residue, and reapply new sealant. 4. Tighten the rack guide screw (A) to 25 N·m
(2.5 kgf·m, 18 lbf·ft), then loosen it.
5. Retighten the rack guide screw to 3.9 N·m (0.4 kgf·m, 2.9 lbf·ft), then back it off to the specified
angle.
6. Hold the rack guide screw stationary with a wrench, and tighten the locknut (B) by hand until it’s fully
seated.
7. Install the locknut wrench on the locknut, and hold the rack guide screw stationary with a wrench.
Tighten the locknut to the specified torque.
8. Check for unusual steering effort through the complete turning range.
9. Check the steering wheel rotational play (see page 17-4) and the power assist (see page 17-4).
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17-8 Steering
Steering Wheel Installation
A
B
A D
B
C A
39 N·m
(4.0 kgf·m,
29 lbf·ft)
B
1. Before installing the steering wheel, make sure the front wheels are aligned straight ahead, then center
the cable reel (A). Do this by first rotating the cable
reel clockwise until it stops. Then rotate it
counterclockwise about three full turns. The arrow
mark (B) on the cable reel label should point
straight up.
2. Position the two tabs (A) of the turn signal canceling sleeve (B) as shown. Install the steering
wheel on to the steering column shaft, making sure
the steering wheel hub (C) engages the pins (D) of
the cable reel and tabs of the turn signal canceling
sleeve. Do not tap on the steering wheel or steering
column shaft when installing the steering wheel. 3. Install the steering wheel bolt (A), and tighten it to
the specified torque. Connect the cable reel
subharness connector (B). Make sure the wire
harness is routed and fastened properly.
4. Install the driver’s airbag, and confirm that the system is operating properly (see page 24-188).
5. Do the battery terminal reconnection procedure (see page 22-68), and do these tasks:
Turn the ignition switch to ON (II), and check that the SRS indicator comes on for about 6 seconds
and then goes off.
Make sure the horn and turn signal switches work properly.
Make sure the steering wheel is centered.
6. After installation, check the steering wheel spoke angle. If the steering spoke angles to the right and
left are not equal (steering wheel is not centered),
correct the engagement of the wheel/column shaft
serrations.
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EPS IndicatorDiagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
Self-diagnosis
17-19
General Troubleshooting Information
Under normal conditions, the EPS indicator comes on
when the ignition switch is turned to ON (II), then goes
off after the engine is started. This indicates that the
LED and its circuit are operating correctly.
If there is a failure in the system after the engine is
started, the EPS indicator will stay on, and the power
assist is turned off or restricted.
When the EPS indicator comes on, the control unit
memorizes the DTC. In this case, the control unit will
not activate the EPS system after the engine starts
again, but it keeps the EPS indicator on.
When DTC 51-01, 51-02 or 51-06 is stored in the control
unit, the EPS indicator will stay on until the DTC is
erased. When a problem is detected and the EPS
indicator comes on, there are cases when the indicator
stays on until the ignition switch is turned to LOCK (0),
and cases when the indicator goes off automatically
when the system returns to normal. Even though the
system is operating normally, the EPS indicator will
come on under the following conditions: The vehicle speed decreases abruptly from 20 km/h (12 mph) or more (by applying brake), and it is less
than 1 km/h (1 mph) and engine speed is 2,000 rpm or
above for 5 seconds (continuously) after the abrupt
deceleration.
While turning the steering wheel with the vehicle speed of 1 km/h (1 mph) or less for 20 seconds, and
the engine speed is 2,000 rpm or above for at least
10 seconds.
When the engine speed is 500 rpm or less, and the vehicle is traveling at a speed of 10 km/h (6 mph) or
more for about 3 seconds.
To determine the actual cause of the problem, question
the client about the conditions during which the
problem occurred, taking the above conditions into
consideration. If the CPU cannot be activated, or it fails, the EPS
indicator comes on, but the DTC is not memorized.
The memory can hold any number of DTCs. However, when the same DTC is detected more than once, the
most recent DTC is written over the prior DTC,
therefore only one occurrence is memorized.
The lowest DTC is indicated first. The DTCs are indicated in ascending order, not in the order that
they occurred.
The DTCs are memorized in the EEPROM (non- volatile memory) therefore the memorized DTCs
cannot be erased by disconnecting the battery. Do the
specified procedures to clear the DTCs.
Self-diagnosis can be classified into three categories: Initial diagnosis: Done right after the engine starts and until the EPS indicator goes off.
Regular diagnosis: Done right after the initial diagnosis until the ignition switch is turned to LOCK
(0).
Steering diagnosis: Done during regular diagnosis while turning the steering wheel.
The EPS control unit dose these functions when a
problem is detected by self-diagnosis: 1. Turns on the EPS indicator.
2. Memorizes the DTC.
3. Stops power assist and manual steering operation resumes.
NOTE: For DTCs 11-01, 11-02, 12-01, 21-01, 21-02,
22-01, and 35-04 the EPS indicator will go off
automatically, and the system returns to normal.
(cont’d)
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Restriction on Power Assist Operation
Torque Sensor Neutral PositionHow to Troubleshoot DTCs
17-20EPS Components
General Troubleshooting Information (cont’d)
Repeated extreme steering force, such as turning the
steering wheel continuously back-and-forth with the
vehicle stopped, causes an increase of power
consumption in the EPS motor. The increase of electric
current causes the EPS motor to heat up. Because this
heat adversely affects the system, the control unit
monitors the electric current of the EPS motor.
When the control unit detects heat build-up in the EPS
motor, it reduces the electric current to the EPS motor
gradually to protect the system, and it restricts the
power assist operation. The EPS indicator does not
come on during this function.
When steering torque is not applied to the steering
wheel, or when the ignition is turned to LOCK (0) and
the EPS motor cools, the control unit will restore the
power assist gradually until it’s fully restored (after
about 8 minutes).
The EPS control unit stores the torque sensor neutral
position in the EEPROM. The torque sensor neutral
position must be memorized whenever the gearbox, the
EPS motor, or the EPS control unit is replaced.
NOTE: The torque sensor neutral position is not
effected when erasing the DTCs.
The troubleshooting procedures assume that the cause
of the problem is still present and the EPS indicator is
still on. Following the procedure when the EPS
indicator does not come on can result in incorrect
diagnosis.
1. Question the client about the conditions when the problem occurred, and try to reproduce the same
conditions for troubleshooting. Find out when the
EPS indicator came on, such as while turning, after
turning, when the vehicle was at a certain speed,
etc.
2. When the EPS indicator does not come on during the test-drive, but troubleshooting is done based on
the DTC, check for loose connectors, poor terminal
contact, etc., in the affected circuit before you start
troubleshooting.
3. After troubleshooting, clear the DTC and test-drive the vehicle. Be sure the EPS indicator does not
come on.
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DYNOMITE -2009-