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DTCDetection Item ABS Indicator Brake System
Indicator Note
19-52ABS Components
DTC Troubleshooting Index
11 -13 Right-front Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit Malfunction
ONON/OFF (see page 19-65)
12 -11 Right-front Wheel Speed Sensor Electrical Noise or Intermittent Interruption ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-68)
-12 Right-front Wheel Speed Sensor Short to the Other Sensor Circuit ONON/OFF (see page 19-69)
-21 Right-front Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error ONON/OFF (see page 19-71)
-22 Right-front Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error (30 km/h (19 mph) or More) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-71)
-23 Right-front Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error (0 to 15 km/h (0 to 9 mph) ) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-72)
13 -13 Left-front Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit Malfunction ONON/OFF (see page 19-65)
14 -11 Left-front Wheel Speed Sensor Electrical Noise or Intermittent Interruption ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-68)
-12 Left-front Wheel Speed Sensor Short to the Other Sensor Circuit ONON/OFF (see page 19-69)
-21 Left-front Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error ONON/OFF (see page 19-71)
-22 Left-front Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error (30 km/h (19 mph) or More) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-71)
-23 Left-front Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error (0 to 15 km/h (0 to 9 mph) ) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-72)
15 -13 Right-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit Malfunction ONON/OFF (see page 19-65)
16 -11 Right-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Electrical Noise or Intermittent Interruption ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-68)
-12 Right-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Short to the Other Sensor Circuit ONON/OFF (see page 19-69)
-21 Right-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error ONON/OFF (see page 19-71)
-22 Right-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error (30 km/h (19 mph) or More) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-71)
-23 Right-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error (0 to 15 km/h (0 to 9 mph) ) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-72)
17 -13 Left-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Circuit Malfunction ONON/OFF (see page 19-65)
18 -11 Left-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Electrical Noise or Intermittent Interruption ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-68)
-12 Left-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Short to the Other Sensor Circuit ONON/OFF (see page 19-69)
-21 Left-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error ONON/OFF (see page 19-71)
-22 Left-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error (30 km/h (19 mph) or More) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-71)
-23 Left-rear Wheel Speed Sensor Installation Error (0 to 15 km/h (0 to 9 mph) ) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-72)
21 -11 Right-front Magnetic Encoder (Wheel Bearing) Malfunction (Pulse Missing) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-72)
22 -11 Left-front Magnetic Encoder (Wheel Bearing) Malfunction (Pulse Missing) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-72)
23 -11 Right-rear Magnetic Encoder (Wheel Bearing) Malfunction (Pulse Missing) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-72)
24 -11 Left-rear Magnetic Encoder (Wheel Bearing) Malfunction (Pulse Missing) ON
ON/OFF (see page 19-72)
31 -01 ABS Right-front Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Initial Pulse) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
-21 ABS Right-front Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Pulse) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
-22 ABS Right-front Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Speculative) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
-23 ABS Right-front Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Stuck ON) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
32 -01 ABS Right-front Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Initial Pulse) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
-21 ABS Right-front Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Pulse) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
-22 ABS Right-front Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Speculative) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
-23 ABS Right-front Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Stuck ON) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
33 -01 ABS Left-front Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Initial Pulse) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
-21 ABS Left-front Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Pulse) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
-22 ABS Left-front Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Speculative) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
-23 ABS Left-front Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Stuck ON) ON
ON (see page 19-73)
: Brake system indicator turns ON when two or more wheels fail.
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DYNOMITE -2009-
DTCDetection Item ABS Indicator Brake System
Indicator Note
19-53
34 -01 ABS Left-front Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction
(Solenoid Initial Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-21 ABS Left-front Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-22 ABS Left-front Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Speculative) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-23 ABS Left-front Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Stuck ON) ON ON (see page 19-73)
35 -01 ABS Right-rear Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Initial Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-21 ABS Right-rear Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-22 ABS Right-rear Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Speculative) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-23 ABS Right-rear Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Stuck ON) ON ON (see page 19-73)
36 -01 ABS Right-rear Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Initial Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-21 ABS Right-rear Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-22 ABS Right-rear Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Speculative) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-23 ABS Right-rear Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Stuck ON) ON ON (see page 19-73)
37 -01 ABS Left-rear Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Initial Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-21 ABS Left-rear Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-22 ABS Left-rear Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Speculative) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-23 ABS Left-rear Inlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Stuck ON) ON ON (see page 19-73)
38 -01 ABS Left-rear Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Initial Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-21 ABS Left-rear Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Pulse) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-22 ABS Left-rear Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Speculative) ON ON (see page 19-73)
-23 ABS Left-rear Outlet Solenoid Valve Malfunction (Solenoid Stuck ON) ON ON (see page 19-73)
41 -21 Right-front Wheel Lock ON ON/OFF (see page 19-74)
42 -21 Left-front Wheel Lock ON ON/OFF (see page 19-74)
43 -21 Right-rear Wheel Lock ON ON/OFF (see page 19-74)
44 -21 Left-rear Wheel Lock ON ON/OFF (see page 19-74)
51 -11 Motor Lock ON OFF (see page 19-75) -12 Motor Drive Circuit Malfunction ON OFF (see page 19-76)
-13 Motor Drive Circuit Malfunction ON OFF (see page 19-75)
52 -12 Motor Stuck OFF ON OFF (see page 19-78)
53 -01 Motor Relay Stuck ON 1 ON OFF (see page 19-78) -12 Motor Relay Stuck ON 2 ON OFF (see page 19-78)
54 -03 Fail-safe Relay 1 Stuck ON ON ON (see page 19-79) -04 Fail-safe Relay 1 Stuck OFF (Initial) ON ON (see page 19-80)
-21 Fail-safe Relay 1 Stuck OFF (Main) ON ON (see page 19-80)
61 -01 ABS Modulator-control Unit Initial IG Low Voltage ON ON (see page 19-81) -21 ABS Modulator-control Unit Power Source Low Voltage 1 ON ON (see page 19-81)
-22 ABS Modulator-control Unit Power Source Low Voltage 2 ON OFF (see page 19-81)
-23 ABS Modulator-control Unit Power Source Low Voltage 3 ON ON (see page 19-81)
62 -21 ABS Modulator-control Unit IG High Voltage ON ON (see page 19-82)
: Brake system indicator turns ON when two or more wheels fail.
(cont’d)
08/08/21 15:02:16 61SNR030_190_0053
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DYNOMITE -2009-
DTCDetection Item ABS Indicator Brake System
Indicator Note
19-54ABS Components
DTC Troubleshooting Index (cont’d)
71 -21 Right-front or Left-rear Different Diameter Tire Malfunction
ONON (see page 19-83)
-22 Left-front or Right-rear Different Diameter Tire Malfunction ONON (see page 19-83)
-23 Right-front and Right-rear Different Diameter Tire Malfunction ONON (see page 19-83)
-24 Left-front and Left-rear Different Diameter Tire Malfunction ONON (see page 19-83)
-25 Right-front and Left-front Different Diameter Tire Malfunction ONON (see page 19-83)
-26 Right-rear and Left-rear Different Diameter Tire Malfunction ONON (see page 19-83)
81 -01 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-05 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-06 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-08 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-11 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-14 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-23 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-30 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-31 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-32 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-51 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-52 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONON (see page 19-84)
-71 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Internal Circuit Malfunction ONOFF (see page 19-84)
86 -01 F-CAN Bus-off Malfunction OFFOFF (see page 19-85)
-24 F-CAN Communication with Engine Malfunction OFFOFF (see page 19-86)
-25 F-CAN Communication with Engine Malfunction OFFOFF (see page 19-86)
-FF F-CAN Communication with ABS Malfunction OFFOFF (see page 19-87)
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DYNOMITE -2009-
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Symptom Diagnostic procedure
19-55
Symptom Troubleshooting Index
When the vehicle has one of these symptoms, check for a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) with the HDS. If there is no
DTC, do the diagnostic procedure for the symptom, in the sequence listed, until you find the cause.
HDS does not communicate with the ABS
modulator-control unit or the vehicle Troubleshoot the DLC circuit (see page 11-204).
ABS indicator and brake system indicator
do not come on 1.
2.Do the gauge control module troubleshooting (see page 22-241).
Substitute a known-good ABS modulator-control unit, then
recheck. If it is OK, replace the original ABS modulator-control
unit (see page 19-90).
ABS indicator and brake system indicator
do not go off 1.
2.
3.Check for F-CAN DTCs, and troubleshoot and repair those first.
Symptom troubleshooting (see page 19-88).
Do the gauge control module troubleshooting (see page 22-241).
08/08/21 15:02:16 61SNR030_190_0055
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DYNOMITE -2009-
System Outline
19-58ABS Components
System Description (cont’d)
ECM/PCM
WHEEL SPEED SENSORS
Control mode signal
Indicators drive signal Brake pedal position switch signal
Service check signal
Wheel rotation pulse signal
CONTROL UNIT
MODULATOR UNIT ABS MODULATOR-
CONTROL UNIT
Solenoid control
Motor control
Communication via F-CAN
PARKING
BRAKE
SWITCH
BRAKE
FLUID
LEVEL
SWITCH BRAKE
PEDAL
POSITION
SWITCH
GAUGE CONTROL MODULE (TACH)
This system is composed of the ABS modulator-control unit, the wheel speed sensors, and the system indicators in
the gauge control module (tach). The ABS modulator-control unit controls the anti-lock brake and the brakes
distribution function.
08/08/21 15:02:17 61SNR030_190_0058
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DYNOMITE -2009-
ABS Features
Grip force of tire and road surface
Main control
19-59
TARGET SLIP RATEROTATIONAL
DIRECTION
RADIAL
DIRECTION
OF THE
ROTATIONAL
DIRECTION
SLIP RATE
COEFFICIENT OF
FRICTION
LEFT-REAR
WHEEL SPEED
SENSOR
RIGHT-REAR
WHEEL SPEED
SENSOR
LEFT-FRONT
WHEEL SPEED
SENSOR RIGHT-FRONT
WHEEL SPEED
SENSOR Select Low
Speed Wheel
Detect
Vehicle Speed
Drive
SolenoidRIGHT-REAR
SOLENOID
LEFT-REAR
SOLENOID
RIGHT-FRONT
SOLENOID
LEFT-FRONT
SOLENOID
CONTROL UNIT
ABS
Control
Reference
Slip Rate
Drive
Solenoid
ABS
Control
Drive
Solenoid
ABS
Control
Drive
Solenoid
ABS
Control
RIGHT-FRONT
LEFT-FRONT
Detect
Wheel Speed
Detect
Slip Rate
RIGHT-REAR
LEFT-REAR Detect
Slip Rate
Detect
Slip Rate
Detect
Slip Rate
Detect
Wheel Speed
Detect
Wheel Speed
Detect
Wheel Speed
Without ABS, when the brake pedal is pressed while driving, the wheels sometimes lock before the vehicle comes to a
stop. In such an event, the maneuverability of the vehicle is reduced if the front wheels are locked, and the stability of
the vehicle is reduced if the rear wheels are locked, creating an extremely unstable condition. With ABS, the system
precisely controls the slip rate of the wheels to ensure maximum grip force from the tires, and it thereby ensures
maneuverability and stability of the vehicle. The ABS calculates the slip rate of the wheels based on the four wheel
speeds, and then it controls the brake fluid pressure to reach the target slip rate.
The control unit detects the wheel speed based on the wheel speed sensor signals it receives, then it calculates the
vehicle speed based on the detected wheel speed. The control unit detects the vehicle speed during deceleration
based on the wheel speeds.
The control unit calculates the slip rate of each wheel, and transmits the control signal to the modulator unit solenoid
valve when the slip rate is high.
The hydraulic control has three modes: Pressure intensifying, pressure reducing, and pressure retaining.
(cont’d)
08/08/21 15:02:17 61SNR030_190_0059
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DYNOMITE -2009-
EBD Features
19-60ABS Components
System Description (cont’d)
REAR WHEEL
BRAKE PRESSURE
With EBD under HEAVY LOAD
at REAR WHEELS
With EBD under LIGHT LOAD
at REAR WHEELS
Without EBD
FRONT WHEEL BRAKE PRESSURE
The electronic brake distribution (EBD) feature helps control vehicle braking by adjusting the rear brake force in
accordance with the rear wheel load before the ABS operates. Based on the wheel speed sensor signals, the control
unit uses the modulator to control the rear brakes individually. When the rear wheel speed is less than the front wheel
speed, the ABS modulator-control unit retains the current rear brake fluid pressure by closing the inlet valve in the
modulator. As the rear wheel speed increases, and approaches the front wheel speed, the ABS modulator-control unit
increases the rear brake fluid pressure by momentarily opening the inlet valve. This whole process is repeated very
rapidly. While this is happening, kickback may be felt at the brake pedal.
08/08/21 15:02:18 61SNR030_190_0060
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DYNOMITE -2009-
Modulator Unit
ModeInlet Solenoid
Valve Outlet Solenoid
Valve Brake Fluid
19-61
MODULATOR UNIT
RESERVOIR
RL
FR
FL
RR
MASTER CYLINDER
IN: INLET SOLENOID VALVE (NORMALLY OPEN)
OUT: OUTLET SOLENOID VALVE (NORMALLY CLOSED)
MOTOR
PUMP
IN IN
OUT IN
OUT IN
PUMP RESERVOIR
DAMPING
CHAMBER
OUT OUT
The ABS modulator consists of the inlet solenoid valve, the outlet solenoid valve, the reservoir, the pump, the pump
motor, and the damping chamber. The modulator reduces the caliper fluid pressure directly. It is a circulating-type
modulator because the brake fluid circulates through the caliper, the reservoir, and the master cylinder. The hydraulic
control has three modes; pressure intensifying, pressure retaining, and pressure reducing. The hydraulic circuit is an
independent four channel type; one channel for each wheel.
Pressure intensifying mode open closed Master cylinder fluid is pumped out
to the caliper.
Pressure retaining mode closed closed Caliper fluid is retained by the inlet and outlet valves.
Pressure reducing mode closed open Caliper fluid flows through the outlet valve to the reservoir.
The motor pumps the reservoir
fluid through the damping
chamber to the master cylinder .
: The motor will keep running until the operation of the one anti-lock brake control is finished with the first pressure reducing mode.
08/08/21 15:03:11 61SNR030_190_0061
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DYNOMITE -2009-