1995 NISSAN ALMERA N15 light

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Ii
1)
Turn offengine anddisconnect throttle
position sensorharness connector.
2) Start engine.
Race engine (2,000-3,000 rpm)2or 3times
under no-load andthen runengine atidle
speed.

Ii
Check ignition timingwithatiming light.

Ignition timing:RefertoEC-36.
OK
lNG

Adjust ignition timingtothe specified valueby
turning distributor afterloosening boltswhich
secure distributor.

Ignition timing:RefertoEC-36.

(])

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[!1
1)Turn offengine anddisconnect throttle
position sensorharness connector.
2) Start engine.

~

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BASIC
SERVICE PROCEDURE
@]

Idle Speed/Ignition Timing/ldleMixtureRatio
Adjustment (Cont'd)
@
SEF695L EC-38

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION

\ I/

'e/'

-
CHECK-

/
.......

/ I\
Malfunction indicator
lamp SEF051PA
Malfunction
Indicatorlamp(Mil)

1. The malfunction indicatorlampwilllight upwhen theigni-
tion switch isturned ONwithout theengine running. Thisis
a bulb check.

• If
the malfunction indicatorlampdoes notlight up,refer to
EL section ("WARNING LAMPSANDCHIME") orsee

EC-223.

2. When theengine isstarted, themalfunction indicatorlamp
should gooff.

Condition Diagnostic
Diagnostic
Test Mode I TestMode II
Engine
stopped BULBCHECK SELF-DIAGNOSTIC
Ignition

~
RESULTS
switch in
"ON" posi-
tion Engine

*1
~
running
MALFUNCTION
OXYGENSENSOR

ID
WARNING
MONITOR
*1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia AITmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia AITmodels)

EC-44

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)
FUNCTION
Diagnostictestmode
Function
A technician canadjust somedevices
Work support
fasterandmore accurately byfollowing
indications onCONSULT.
Self-diagnostic results Self-diagnostic
resultscanberead and
erased quickly.
Data monitor
Input/Outputdatainthe ECM canberead.
CONSUL Tdrives someactuators apart
Active test
fromtheECM's andalso shifts some
parameters inaspecified range.
ECM partnumbers ECMpartnumbers canberead.
Conducted byCONSULT insteadofatech-
Function test
niciantodetermine whethereachsystem
is "OK" or"NG".
WORK SUPPORT MODE
WORK ITEM
CONDITION USAGE
THRTL POSSENADJ
CHECKTHETHROTTLE POSITIONSENSORSIGNAL. Whenadjusting throttleposition
ADJUST iTTO THE SPECIFIED VALUEBYROTATING
sensorinitialposition
THE SENSOR BODYUNDER THEFOLLOWiNG CONDI-
TIONS .
• IGN SW"ON"
• ENG NOTRUNNING
• ACC PEDAL NOTPRESSED
IGNITION TIMINGADJ
•IGNITION TIMINGFEEDBACK CONTROLWILLBE Whenadjusting initialignition
HELD BYTOUCHING "START".AFTERDOINGSO,
timing
ADJUST IGNITION TIMINGWITHATIMING LIGHTBY
TURNING THECAMSHAFT POSITIONSENSOR.
IACV-AAC VALVEADJ SETENGINE SPEEDATTHE SPECIFIED VALUEUNDER

-

THE FOllOWING CONDITIONS.
• ENGINE WARMED UP
• NO-LOAD
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE •FUEL PUMP WillSTOP BYTOUCHING "START" Whenreleasing fuelpressure
DURING IDLING. fromfuelline
CRANK AFEW TIMES AFTER ENGINE STALLS.
EC-50

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Coni'd)

Monitored item
ECM
Main
[Unit] input
signals Description
Remarks
signals
LOAD SIGNAL •Indicates [ON/OFF] conditionfromthe
[ON/OFF] reardefogger signaland/or lighting
switch.

0 0
ON:
Rear defogger isoperating
and/or lighting switchison.
OFF: Rear defogger isnot operating
and lighting switchisnot on.
INJ PULSE [msec]

0
•
Indicates theactual fuelinjection
•When theengine isstopped, acertain
pulse widthcompensated byECM computedvalueisindicated.
according tothe input signals.
IGN TIMING [BTDC]

0
•
Indicates theignition timingcomputed
by ECM according tothe input sig-
nals.
IACV-AACIV
[%]

•Indicates theidle aircontrol valve

0
(AAC
valve) control valuecomputed
by ECM according tothe input sig-
nals.
A/F ALPHA
[%]

•Indicates themean valueofthe air-
•When theengine isstopped, acertain

0
fuel
ratio feedback correction factor valueisindicated.
per cycle. •This data alsoincludes thedata for
the air-fuel ratiolearning control.
AIR COND RLY

0
•
Indicates theairconditioner relay
[ON/OFF] controlcondition (determined byECM
according tothe input signal).
COOLING FAN*2
•Indicates thecontrol condition ofthe
[ON/OFF] or[LOW/
coolingfans(determined byECM
HI/OFF]

0
according
tothe input signal).
ON ...Operating
LOW ...Operates atlow speed
HI ...Operates athigh speed
OFF ...Stopped
FUEL PUMP RLY

0
•
Indicates thefuel pump relaycontrol
[ON/OFF] conditiondetermined byECM accord-
ing tothe input signals.
VALVE TIMSOL*1
•The control condition ofthe valve tim-
[ON/OFF] ingsolenoid valve(determined by
ECM according tothe input signal) is
indicated.
ON ...VTC operating
OFF ...VTC notoperating
EGRC SOLIV (EVAP
•Indicates thecontrol condition ofthe
canister purgecon-
EVAPcanister purgecontrol solenoid
trol solenoid valve valveorEGR valve
&
EVAP canister
or EGR
&
EVAP can- purgecontrol solenoid valve(deter-
ister purge control

0
mined
byECM according tothe input
solenoid valve) signal).
[ON/OFF] ON'"EVAP canister purgeoperation
cut-off OFF ...EVAP canister purgeoperation
not cut-off
VOLTAGE •Voltage measured bythe voltage
[V] probe.
PULSE •Pulse width, frequency orduty cycle •Only "#"isdisplayed ifitem is
[msec] or[Hz] or measuredbythe pulse probe. unable
tobe measured .

[%]
•
Figures with"#"s aretemporary
ones. Theyarethesame figures as
an actual pieceofdata which wasjust
previously measured.
*1: GA16DE exceptforEurope andIsrael
*2: GA16DE engineA/Tmodels forEurope without heavydutykithave a2- step control [ON/OFF] system."LOW"and"HI"
are shown onCONSULT screentorepresent "ON"condition.

EC-52

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Cont'd)
ACTIVE TESTMODE

TEST ITEM CONDITION JUDGEMENT
CHECKITEM(REMEDY)
• Engine: Returntothe original
•Harness andconnector
FUEL INJECTION trouble
condition If
trouble symptom disappears,
•Fuel injectors
• Change theamount offuel see
CHECK ITEM.
injection usingCONSULT . •
Oxygen sensor*1
• Engine: Afterwarming up,idle
IACV-AACIV the
engine.
Enginespeedchanges according •Harness andconnector
OPENING •
Change theIACV-AAC valve
tothe opening percent. •
IACV-AAC valve
opening percentusingCON-
SULT.
• Engine: Returntothe original
•Harness andconnector
ENG COOLANT trouble
condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears, •
Engine coolant temperature
TEMP •
Change theengine coolant

.
see CHECK ITEM. sensor
temperature indicationusing
•Fuel injectors
CONSULT.
• Engine: Returntothe original
trouble condition
Iftrouble symptom disappears,
IGNITION TIMING•
Timing light:Set •
Adjust initialignition timing
• Retard theignition timingusingsee
CHECK ITEM.
CONSULT .
• Engine: Afterwarming up,idle •
Harness andconnector
the engine. •
Compression
POWER •
A/C switch "OFF"
Enginerunsrough ordies . •
Injectors
BALANCE •
Shift lever "N" •
Power transistor
• Cut offeach injector signalone •
Spark plugs
at atime using CONSULT. •
Ignition coils
• Ignition switch:ON
COOLING FAN*3•
Turn thecooling fan"ON" and
Cooling fanmoves andstops. •
Harness andconnector
"OFF", or"LOW" and"HI" •
Cooling fanmotor
and "OFF" usingCONSULT .
• Ignition switch:ON(Engine
FUEL PUMP stopped)
Fuelpump relaymakes theoper- •Harness andconnector
• Turn thefuel pump relay"ON"
RELAY and"OFF" usingCONSULT ating
sound. •
Fuel pump relay
and listen tooperating sound.
EGRC SOLENOID
VALVE (EVAP canister
•Ignition switch:ON
purge control
•Turn solenoid valve"ON" and Solenoid
valvemakes anoperat- •
Harness andconnector
solenoid valveor
EGR valve
&
"OFF"
withtheCONSULT andingsound. •
Solenoid valve
EVAP canister listen
tooperating sound.
purge control
solenoid valve)
•Ignition switch:ON
VALVE TIMING •
Turn solenoid valve"ON" and Solenoid
valvemakes anoperat- •
Harness andconnector
SOL*2 "OFF"
usingCONSULT anding
sound. •
Solenoid valve
listen tooperating sound.
SELF-LEARNING •
Inthis test, thecoefficient ofself-learning controlmixture ratioreturns tothe original coefficient by
CONT touching
"CLEAR" onthe screen.
*1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia A/Tmodels)
*2: GA16DE except forEurope andIsrael
*3: GA16DE engine A/Tmodels forEurope without heavydutykithave a2- step control [ON/OFF] system."LOW"and"HI"
are shown onCONSULT screentorepresent "ON"condition.

EC-53
•

ON-BOARDDIAGNOSTIC SYSTEMDESCRIPTION
CONSULT (Conl'd)

FUNCTION TEST
CONDITION JUDGEMENT
ITEM CHECK
ITEM(REMEDY)
• Ignition switch:ON
COOLING FAN (Engine
stopped)
Thecooling fanrotates andstops every •
Harness andconnector
CIRCUIT •
Cooling fancircuit is
3seconds. •
Cooling fanmotor
tested whencooling fanis
•Cooling fanrelay
rotated .
• Ignition switch:ON-.
START
• Start signal circuit is
tested whenengine is
started byoperating the
starter. Beforecranking,
START SIGNAL batteryvoltage andengine
Startsignal: OFF-.ON •
Harness andconnector
CIRCUIT coolanttemperature are •
Ignition switch
displayed. During
cranking, averagebattery
voltage, massairflow
sensor outputvoltage and
cranking speedaredis-
played .
• Ignition switch:ON
(Engine running)
Lockedposition ON
•Harness andconnector
PW/ST SIGNAL •
Power steering circuitis
•Power steering oilpres-
tested whensteering
CIRCUIT wheelisrotated fullyand sure
switch
then settoastraight lineNeutral
position OFF•
Power steering pump
running position.
• Vehicle speedsensor cir-
•Harness andconnector
VEHICLE SPEED cuit
istested whenvehicle Vehicle
speedsensor inputsignal is
•Vehicle speedsensor
SEN CKT is
running ataspeed of10 greater
than4km/h (2MPH)
•Electric speedometer
km/h (6MPH) orhigher .
• After warming up,idle the
engine. •Adjust ignition timing(by
• Ignition timingadjustment
movingcamshaft position
IGN TIMING ADJ is
checked byreading The
timing lightindicates thesame
sensorordistributor)
ignition timingwithatim- value
onthe screen.
•Camshaft positionsensor
ing light andchecking
drivemechanism
whether itagrees with
specifications.
•INJECTION SYS(Injector,
fuel pressure regulator,
harness orconnector)
• Air-fuel ratiofeedback cir- •
IGNITION SYS(Spark
cuit (injection system,igni- plug,
power transistor,
tion system, vacuum ignition
coil,harness or
MIXTURE RATIO system,
etc.)istested byOxygen
sensor'1 COUNT:Morethan5 connector)
TEST examining
theoxygen times
during 10seconds •
VACUUM SYS(Intake air
sensor'1 outputat2,000 leaks)
rpm under non-loaded •
Oxygen sensor'1 circuit
state. •
Oxygen sensor'1 opera-
tion
• Fuel pressure highorlow
• Mass airflow sensor
'1: Heated oxygen sensor(ForEurope andIsrael, andAustralia AITmodels)
Oxygen sensor(Except forEurope andIsrael, andAustralia
A/T
models)

EC-55
•

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description
Fail-Safe Chart

The ECM enters fail-safe mode,ifany ofthe following DTCsisrecorded duetothe open orshort circuit.

DTC No. Detected
items
Engineoperating conditioninfail-safe mode
12 Massairflow sensor
Enginespeedwillnotrise more than3,000 rpm*1 duetothe fuel cut.
circuit
13 Engine
coolant tem-
Engine coolant temperature willbedetermined basedonthe time after turning ignition
perature sensorcir-switch "ON"or"START".
cuit ExceptforEurope andIsrael
Condition Enginecoolant temperature decided
Just asignition switchisturned ONorStart 30'C(B6'F)
More than5minutes afterignition ONorStart BO'G
(176'F)
Except asshown above 30
-BO'C (B6-176'F)
(Depends onthe time)
For Europe andIsrael
Condition Enginecoolant temperature decided
Just asignition switchisturned ONorStart 35'C
(95'F)
More than4.5minutes afterignition ONor
BO'G(176'F)
Start
Except asshown above 35
-BO'C (95-176'F)
(Depends onthe time)
When thefail-safe systemforengine coolant temperature sensorisactivated, thecooling
fan operates whileengine isrunning.
43 Throttle position Throttle
position willbedetermined basedonthe injected fuelamount andtheengine
sensor circuit speed.
Therefore, acceleration willbepoor.
Condition Driving
condition
When engine isidling Normal
When accelerating Poor
acceleration

-
ECM
Fail-safe
systemactivating conditionwhenECMismalfunctioning

The computing functionofthe ECM wasjudged tobe malfunctioning.
When thefail-safe systemactivates (i.e.,ifthe ECM detects amalfunction conditionin
the CPU ofECM), theMALFUNCTION INDICATORLAMPonthe instrument panellightsto
warn thedriver.

Engine control, withfail-safe system,operates whenECMismalfunctioning

When thefail-safe systemisoperating, fuelinjection, ignitiontiming,fuelpump
operation, IACV-AACvalveoperation andcooling fanoperation arecontrolled undercer-
tain limitations.
Operation

Engine speed Engine
speed
will
notrise more than3,000 rpm

Fuel injection Simultaneous
multipartfuelinjection system
Ignition timing Ignition
timingisfixed atthe preset valve
Fuel pump Fuel
pump' relayis"ON" when engine isrunning and"OFF" whenengine
stalls
IACV-AAG valve Full
open
Cooling fans Cooling
fanrelay "ON" whenengine isrunning, and"OFF" whenengine
stalls
EC-64

TROUBLEDIAGNOSIS -General Description

Goto
(J.

Adjust ignition timingby
turning distributor.

No
NG

(Go to
@
onnext page.)

OK
CONNECT
CONSULTTOTHE VEHICLE.

Connect "CONSULT" tothe data link
connector forCONSULT andselect
"ENGINE" fromthemenu. Referto

EC-36
DOES ENGINE START?
BEFORE
STARTING

1. Check service records forany recent
repairs thatmay indicate arelated •
problem, orthe current needfor
scheduled maintenance.
2. 9pen engine hoodandcheck thefol.
lowing:
• Harness connectors forimproper con-
nections
• Vacuum hosesforsplits, kinks,or
improper connections
• Wiring forimproper connections,
pinches, orcuts

CHECK IGNITION TIMING.

1. Warm upengine sufficiently.
2. Stop engine anddisconnect throttle
position sensorharness connector.
3. Start engine.
4. Check ignition timingatidle using
timing light.

Ignition liming:

Refer toEC-36.
Basic
Inspection
Precaution:
Perform BasicInspection withoutelectrical or
mechanical loads

applied;
• Headlamp switchisOFF,
• Air conditioner switchisOFF,
• Rear defogger switchisOFF,
• Steering wheelisin the straight-ahead position,etc.

m

\\

~
~ SEF1421

~use box

~-~

vll-JI-
Datalinkconnector~'

EC-65