2006 TOYOTA RAV4 wheel torque

CHASSIS - 4WD SYSTEM CH-66
4WD SYSTEM
DESCRIPTION
The 4WD system of the ’06 RAV4 uses an active torque control 4WD system.
It is a compact, lightweight, and high performance 4WD system that optimally controls the torque
distribution to the front and rear wheels through the electric control coupling in the rear differential.
ACTIVE TORQUE CONTROL 4WD SYSTEM
1. General
Based on information provided by various sensors, the 4WD ECU controls the amperage that is applied
to the electric control coupling, in order to transmit drive torque to the rear wheels when needed, and in
the amount needed. The following describes the features of the active torque control 4WD system.
Traction performance
Realizes stable start-off and acceleration performance
Driving stability performanceRealizes stable cornering performance
Fuel economyRealizes better fuel economy by transmitting drive torque to the rear
wheels when needed, in the amount needed.
A four-wheel drive lock switch has been provided. This enables the driver to select between the AUTO
and LOCK modes by operating the switch. The system optimally controls the torque distribution to the
front and rear wheels in the respective modes.
Mode
Four-wheel Drive
Lock Switch and
Indicator Light
Outline
AUTOOFF
Optimally distributes drive torque to the front and rear wheels.
Ensures optimal start-off performance during a start-off, based on
information provided by various sensors.
Suppresses the tight corner braking phenomenon* during low-speed
cornering.
Reduces the amount of torque distribution to the rear wheels and
improves fuel economy when the system judges that the vehicle is
traveling steadily.
Disengages the 4WD during braking deceleration.
LOCKON
Distributes the maximum torque limit to the rear wheels.
Distributes the maximum torque limit to the rear wheels during
start-off.
Distributes optimal torque during low-speed cornering.
Disengages the 4WD during braking deceleration.
Disengages the LOCK mode and transfers to the AUTO mode when
the vehicle speed exceeds 40 km / h (25 mph).
*: Tight corner braking phenomenon: a condition in which the brakes are applied due to a rotational difference
between the front and rear wheels, such as during low-speed cornering in the 4WD mode.
The 4WD ECU effects cooperative control with the skid control ECU, in order to control the drive torque
distribution to the front and rear wheels in accordance with information received from the skid control
ECU. These controls ensure a smooth acceleration and driving stability.

CHASSIS - 4WD SYSTEMCH-69
4. Function of Main Components
ComponentFunction
Combination
4WD LOCK
Indicator LightIlluminates to inform the driver of the 4WD LOCK mode control.Combination
Meter4WD
Warning LightIlluminates to warn the driver of a malfunction in the 4WD system.
Speed Sensor (4)Detects the wheel speed of each 4 wheel.
Steering Angle SensorDetects the direction and angle of the steering wheel.
Yaw Rate & Deceleration SensorDetects the vehicle’s longitudinal and lateral acceleration.
Crankshaft Position SensorDetects the engine speed and outputs it to the ECM.
Accelerator Pedal Position SensorDetects the accelerator pedal position and outputs it to the ECM.
Throttle Position SensorDetects the throttle valve position and outputs it to the ECM.
Park / Neutral Position SwitchDetects the neutral position of the transaxle and outputs it to the
ECM.
Stop Light SwitchDetects the brake pedal depressing signal.
Parking Brake SwitchDetects when the parking brake lever is pulled up.
Four-wheel Drive Lock SwitchSwitches between the AUTO and LOCK modes.
4WD ECU
Controls the amperage that is applied to the electromagnetic
solenoid of the electric control coupling based on the signals
provided by the sensors in order to optimally distribute drive torque
in accordance with driving conditions.
ECMOutputs signals such as the shift position signal, throttle position
signal, and crankshaft position signal to the 4WD ECU.
Skid Control ECUOutputs signals such as the vehicle speed signal and deceleration
signal to the 4WD ECU.
Electric Control CouplingDistributes drive torque in accordance with the amperage applied
by the 4WD ECU.

CHASSIS - 4WD SYSTEM
01NCH38Y
Torque Distribution
to Rear WheelsTorque Distribution
to Rear Wheels
Straightline Driving Low-Speed Cornering
01NCH39Y
Torque Distribution
to Rear WheelsTorque Distribution
to Rear Wheels
Steady Driving Straightline Acceleration
NOTICE
In the LOCK mode after the four-wheel drive lock switch is pressed, the system starts control upon
judging that the vehicle is operating in a stable manner. During this judgment, the 4WD LOCK
indicator light blinks.
CH-70
5. System Operation
Auto Mode
1) Starting Off
The system ensures start-off performance by optimally distributing the entire drive torque, which is
transmitted by the engine, to the front and rear wheels.
To prevent the tight corner braking phenomenon from occurring during low-speed cornering, the
system reduces the amount of torque distribution to the rear wheels.
2) Normal Driving
During normal driving, when the system judges that the vehicle is traveling steadily, it reduces the
amount of torque distribution to the rear wheels. This allows the vehicle to operate in conditions
similar to front-wheel-drive, which improves fuel economy.
To ensure excellent acceleration performance during straightline acceleration and excellent driving
stability during cornering, the system controls the amount of torque distribution to the rear wheels.
Lock Mode
When the vehicle is in a situation that poses difficulty for it to pull itself out, such as sand, the driver can
switch to LOCK mode by operating the four-wheel drive lock switch. Thus, this mode effects optimal
control in accordance with the driving conditions and transmits as much drive torque as possible to the rear
wheels, in a mode that is similar to the locked 4WD mode.

SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS – U151E AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONSS–47
SS
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
Automatic Transaxle Assembly
Part Tightened N*m kgf*cm ft*lbf
Park/neutral position switch Nut 6.9 70 61 in.*lbf
Bolt 5.4 55 48 in.*lbf
Control shaft lever x Control shaft 13 133 10
Shift control cable x Control shaft lever 15 153 11
Transaxle housing x Engine block Upper side bolt 64 653 47
Lower side bolt
A37 377 27
Lower side bolt
B46 470 34
Torque converter clutch x Drive plate 41 418 30
Flywheel housing under cover x Automatic transaxle 7.8 80 69 in.*lbf
Front engine mounting bracket x Transaxle 64 653 47
Rear engine mounting bracket x Transaxle 45 459 33
Engine mounting bracket LH x Transaxle 64 653 47
Oil filler tube x Transaxle
Oil filler tube x Front engine mounting bracket5.5 56 49 in.*lbf
Control cable bracket No. 1 x Transaxle 12 122 9
Control cable bracket No. 2 x Transaxle 12 122 9
Oil cooler inlet elbow x Transaxle 27 276 20
Oil cooler outlet elbow x Transaxle 27 276 20
Starter x Transaxle37 377 27
Starter wire x Starter9.8 100 88 in.*lbf
Speed sensor (NC) x Transaxle 11 112 8
Speed sensor (NT) x Transaxle 11 112 8
Drain plug x Oil pan47 479 35
Transmission wire x Transaxle 5.4 55 48 in.*lbf
ATF temperature sensor x Valve body 6.6 67 58 in.*lbf
Oil pan x Transaxle7.8 80 69 in.*lbf
Solenoid valve x Valve body SL2, DSL, S4 11 110 8
SL1, SL3 6.6 67 58 in.*lbf
Valve body x Transaxle11 11 2 8
Oil strainer x Valve body11 11 2 8
Floor shift assembly x Body12 122 9
Control cable clamp x Engine mounting insulator 12 122 9
Differential gear lube apply tube x Transaxle housing 9.8 100 87 in.*lbf
Front planetary gear lock nut 280 3,355 207
Brake apply tube clamp x Transaxle case 5.4 55 48 in.*lbf
Transaxle case No. 1 plug x Transaxle rear cover 7.4 75 65 in.*lbf
Transaxle rear cover x Transaxle case Bolt A 19 194 14
Other bolt 25 255 18
Parking lock pawl shaft x Transaxle case 9.8 100 87 in.*lbf
Oil pump assembly x Transaxle case 22 226 16
Transaxle housing x Transaxle case Bolt A 22 254 16
Bolt B 29 295 21
Bolt C 29 295 21
Bolt D 22 254 16
Automatic transmission case plug x Transaxle housing 7.4 75 65 in.*lbf
Automatic transmission case plug x Transaxle case 7.4 75 65 in.*lbf

2AZ-FE ENGINE MECHANICAL – DRIVE BELTEM–7
EM
REMOVAL
1. REMOVE RADIATOR SUPPORT OPENING COVER
2. REMOVE FRONT WHEEL RH
3. REMOVE FRONT FENDER APRON RH
4. REMOVE FRONT SUSPENSION MEMBER
REINFORCEMENT RH
(a) Remove the 4 bolts and reinforcement RH.
5. REMOVE FAN AND GENERATOR V BELT
(a) Using SST and 19 mm socket wrench, loosen the V-
ribbed belt tensioner arm clockwise, then remove
the fan and generator V belt.
SST 09216-42010
NOTICE:
• Be sure to connect SST and the tools so that
they are in line during use.
• When retracting the tensioner, turn it
clockwise slowly for 3 seconds or more. Do
not apply force rapidly.
• After the tensioner is fully retracted, do not
apply force any more than necessary.
INSTALLATION
1. INSTALL FAN AND GENERATOR V BELT
(a) Using SST and 19 mm socket wrench, loosen the V-
ribbed belt tensioner arm clockwise, then install the
fan and generator V belt.
SST 09216-42010
NOTICE:
• Be sure to connect SST and the tools so that
they are in line during use.
• When retracting the tensioner, turn it
clockwise slowly for 3 seconds or more. Do
not apply force rapidly.
• After the tensioner is fully retracted, do not
apply force any more than necessary.
2. INSTALL FRONT SUSPENSION MEMBER
REINFORCEMENT RH
(a) Install the reinforcement RH with the 4 bolts.
Torque: 96 N*m (979 kgf*cm, 71 ft.*lbf)
3. INSTALL FRONT FENDER APRON RH
4. INSTALL FRONT WHEEL RH
5. INSTALL RADIATOR SUPPORT OPENING COVER
A114351E01
A114351E01

EM–242GR-FE ENGINE MECHANICAL – ENGINE ASSEMBLY
EM
(b) 4WD:
Disconnect the control cable (see page AX-154).
31. REMOVE FRONT EXHAUST PIPE ASSEMBLY (See
page EX-3)
32. REMOVE CENTER EXHAUST PIPE ASSEMBLY (See
page EX-2)
33. REMOVE PROPELLER WITH CENTER BEARING
SHAFT ASSEMBLY (See page PR-3)
34. REMOVE FRONT WHEELS
35. REMOVE FRONT AXLE HUB NUT LH
(a) Remove the hub nut (see page AH-8).
36. REMOVE FRONT AXLE HUB NUT RH
(a) Remove the hub nut (see page AH-8).
37. DISCONNECT FRONT STABILIZER LINK ASSEMBLY
LH (See page SP-30)
38. DISCONNECT FRONT STABILIZER LINK ASSEMBLY
RH (See page SP-30)
39. DISCONNECT STEERING INTERMEDIATE SHAFT
(See page PS-44)
40. DISCONNECT TIE ROD END SUB-ASSEMBLY RH
(See page PS-42)
41. DISCONNECT TIE ROD END SUB-ASSEMBLY LH
(See page PS-42)
42. REMOVE FRONT DRIVE SHAFT LH
(a) 2WD:
Remove the drive shaft (see page DS-10).
(b) 4WD:
Remove the drive shaft (see page DS-43).
43. REMOVE FRONT DRIVE SHAFT RH
(a) 2WD:
Remove the drive shaft (see page DS-10).
(b) 4WD:
Remove the drive shaft (see page DS-43).
44. REMOVE ENGINE WITH TRANSAXLE
(a) Install the No. 1 and No. 2 engine hangers with the
4 bolts as shown in the illustration.
Torque: 33 N*m (337 kgf*cm, 24 ft.*lbf)
HINT:
• Insert the claw of the hanger into hole of the
cylinder head.
• Fit the fork part of the hanger onto the rib of the
cylinder head.
A129635E02
Part Name Part No.
No. 1 engine hanger 12281-31120
No. 2 engine hanger 12282-31100
Bolt 91671-10825

PREPARATION – SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEMPP–85
PP
EQUIPMENT
Bolt
Length: 35.0 mm (1.378 in.)
Pitch: 1.0 mm (0.039 in.)
Diameter: 6.0 mm (0.236 in.)Airbag disposal
Plastic bag Airbag disposal
Tire
Width: 185 mm (7.28 in.)
Inner diameter: 360 mm (14.17 in.)Airbag disposal
Tire with disc wheel
Width: 185 mm (7.28 in.)
Inner diameter: 360 mm (14.17 in.)Airbag disposal
Torque wrench -

SERVICE SPECIFICATIONS – U151F AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSIONSS–53
SS
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
Automatic Transaxle Assembly
Part Tightened N*m kgf*cm ft*lbf
Park/neutral position switch Nut 6.9 70 61 in.*lbf
Bolt 5.4 55 48 in.*lbf
Control shaft lever x Control shaft 13 133 10
Shift control cable x Control shaft lever 15 153 11
Transaxle housing x Engine block Upper side
bolt64 653 47
Lower side
bolt A37 377 27
Lower side
bolt B46 470 34
Torque converter clutch x Drive plate 41 418 30
Flywheel housing under cover x Automatic transaxle 7.8 80 69 in.*lbf
Front engine mounting bracket x Transaxle 64 653 47
Rear engine mounting bracket x Transaxle 45 459 33
Engine mounting bracket LH x Transaxle 64 653 47
Oil filler tube x Transaxle
Oil filler tube x Front engine mounting bracket5.5 56 49 in.*lbf
Control cable bracket No. 1 x Transaxle 12 122 9
Control cable bracket No. 2 x Transaxle 12 122 9
Oil cooler inlet elbow x Transaxle 27 276 20
Oil cooler outlet elbow x Transaxle 27 276 20
Starter x Transaxle37 377 27
Starter wire x Starter9.8 100 88 in.*lbf
Speed sensor (NC) x Transaxle11 11 2 8
Speed sensor (NT) x Transaxle11 11 2 8
Drain plug x Oil pan47 479 35
Transmission wire x Transaxle5.4 55 48 in.*lbf
ATF temperature sensor x Valve body 6.6 67 58 in.*lbf
Oil pan x Transaxle7.8 80 69 in.*lbf
Solenoid valve x Valve body SL2, DSL,
S411 11 0 8
SL1, SL3 6.6 67 58 in.*lbf
Valve body x Transaxle11 11 2 8
Oil strainer x Valve body11 11 2 8
Floor shift assembly x Body12 122 9
Control cable clamp x Engine mounting insulator 12 122 9
Differential gear lube apply tube x Transaxle housing 9.8 100 87 in.*lbf
Front planetary gear lock nut280 3,355 207
Brake apply tube clamp x Transaxle case 5.4 55 48 in.*lbf
Transaxle case No. 1 plug x Transaxle rear cover 7.4 75 65 in.*lbf
Transaxle rear cover x Transaxle case Bolt A 19 194 14
Other bolt 25 255 18
Parking lock pawl shaft x Transaxle case 9.8 100 87 in.*lbf
Oil pump assembly x Transaxle case 22 226 16
Transaxle housing x Transaxle case Bolt A 22 254 16
Bolt B 29 295 21
Bolt C 29 295 21
Bolt D 22 254 16
Automatic transmission case plug x Transaxle housing 7.4 75 65 in.*lbf