2005 NISSAN X-TRAIL wheel

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS
CO-29
[YD22DDTi]
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Except cool-
ing system
parts mal-
function— Overload on engineAbusive drivingHigh engine rpm under no
load
Driving in low gear for
extended time
Driving at extremely high
speed
Powertrain system mal-
function
— Installed improper size
wheels and tires
Dragging brakes
Improper ignition timing
Blocked or restricted air
flowBlocked bumper —
— Blocked radiator grilleInstalled car brassiere
Mud contamination or
paper clogging
Blocked radiator —
Blocked condenser
Blocked air flow
Installed large fog lamp Symptom Check items

EC-34
[QR (WITH EURO-OBD)]
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM

System ChartEBS010L8
*1: This sensor is not used to control the engine system under normal conditions.
*2: This input signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*3: This output signal is sent from the ECM through CAN communication line.
*4: For models with ESP
*5: For models without ESP
*6: For QR25DE engine modelsInput (Sensor) ECM Function Output (Actuator)

Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)

Crankshaft position sensor (POS)

Mass air flow sensor

Engine coolant temperature sensor

Heated oxygen sensor 1

Throttle position sensor

Accelerator pedal position sensor

Park/neutral position (PNP) switch

Intake air temperature sensor

Power steering pressure sensor

Ignition switch

Battery voltage

Knock sensor

Refrigerant pressure sensor

Stop lamp switch

Heated oxygen sensor 2*1

TCM (Transmission control module)*2

ESP/TCS/ABS control unit*2 *4

ABS actuator and electric unit
(control unit)*2 *5

Air conditioner switch

Wheel sensor*2

Electrical load signal

ASCD steering switch*6

ASCD brake switch*6

ASCD clutch switch*6

Stop lamp switchFuel injection & mixture ratio control Fuel injector
Electronic ignition system Power transistor
Fuel pump control Fuel pump relay
On board diagnostic system
MI (On the instrument panel)*
3
Heated oxygen sensor 1 heater control Heated oxygen sensor 1 heater
Heated oxygen sensor 2 heater control Heated oxygen sensor 2 heater
EVAP canister purge flow controlEVAP canister purge volume control
solenoid valve
Air conditioning cut control Air conditioner relay
Power valve control*
6VIAS control solenoid valve
ASCD vehicle speed control*
6Electric throttle control actuator
Cooling fan control Cooling fan relay

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-35
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Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) SystemEBS010L9
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*1: This sensor is not used to control the engine system under normal conditions.
*2: This signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*3: ECM determines the start signal status by the signals of engine speed and battery voltage.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The amount of fuel injected from the fuel injector is determined by the ECM. The ECM controls the length of
time the valve remains open (injection pulse duration). The amount of fuel injected is a program value in the
ECM memory. The program value is preset by engine operating conditions. These conditions are determined
by input signals (for engine speed and intake air) from both the crankshaft position sensor and the mass air
flow sensor.
VARIOUS FUEL INJECTION INCREASE/DECREASE COMPENSATION
In addition, the amount of fuel injected is compensated to improve engine performance under various operat-
ing conditions as listed below.


During warm-up

When starting the engine

During acceleration

Hot-engine operation

When selector lever is changed from N to D (A/T models)

High-load, high-speed operation


During deceleration

During high engine speed operation
Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM
functionActuator
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)Engine speed*
3 and piston position
Fuel injec-
tion & mix-
ture ratio
controlFuel injector Mass air flow sensor Amount of intake air
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Heated oxygen sensor 1 Density of oxygen in exhaust gas
Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Park/neutral position (PNP) switch Gear position
Knock sensor Engine knocking condition
Battery
Battery voltage*
3
Power steering pressure sensor Power steering operation
Heated oxygen sensor 2*
1Density of oxygen in exhaust gas
Wheel sensor*
2Vehicle speed
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner operation

ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
EC-37
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FUEL INJECTION TIMING
Two types of systems are used.
Sequential Multiport Fuel Injection System
Fuel is injected into each cylinder during each engine cycle according to the firing order. This system is used
when the engine is running.
Simultaneous Multiport Fuel Injection System
Fuel is injected simultaneously into all four cylinders twice each engine cycle. In other words, pulse signals of
the same width are simultaneously transmitted from the ECM.
The four injectors will then receive the signals two times for each engine cycle.
This system is used when the engine is being started and/or if the fail-safe system (CPU) is operating.
FUEL SHUT-OFF
Fuel to each cylinder is cut off during deceleration or operation of the engine at excessively high speeds.
Electronic Ignition (EI) SystemEBS010LA
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*1: This signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*2: ECM determines the start signal status by the signals of engine speed and battery voltage.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The ignition timing is controlled by the ECM to maintain the best air-
fuel ratio for every running condition of the engine. The ignition tim-
ing data is stored in the ECM. This data forms the map shown.
The ECM receives information such as the injection pulse width and
camshaft position sensor signal. Computing this information, ignition
signals are transmitted to the power transistor.
e.g., N: 1,800 rpm, Tp: 1.50 msec
A °BTDC
During the following conditions, the ignition timing is revised by the
ECM according to the other data stored in the ECM.

At starting

During warm-up
SEF337W
Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM func-
tionActuator
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Engine speed*
2
piston position
Ignition
timing con-
trolPower transistor Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)
Mass air flow sensor Amount of intake air
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Throttle position sensor Throttle position
Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Knock sensor Engine knocking
Park/neutral position (PNP) switch Gear position
Battery
Battery voltage*
2
Wheel sensor*1Vehicle speed
SEF742M

EC-38
[QR (WITH EURO-OBD)]
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM


At idle

At low battery voltage

During acceleration
The knock sensor retard system is designed only for emergencies. The basic ignition timing is programmed
within the anti-knocking zone, if recommended fuel is used under dry conditions. The retard system does not
operate under normal driving conditions. If engine knocking occurs, the knock sensor monitors the condition.
The signal is transmitted to the ECM. The ECM retards the ignition timing to eliminate the knocking condition.
Air Conditioning Cut ControlEBS010LB
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*1: This signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*2: ECM determines the start signal status by the signals of engine speed and battery voltage.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
This system improves engine operation when the air conditioner is used.
Under the following conditions, the air conditioner is turned off.

When the accelerator pedal is fully depressed.

When cranking the engine.

At high engine speeds.

When the engine coolant temperature becomes excessively high.

When operating power steering during low engine speed or low vehicle speed.

When engine speed is excessively low.

When refrigerant pressure is excessively low or high.
Fuel Cut Control (at No Load and High Engine Speed)EBS010LC
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*: This signal is sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
If the engine speed is above 1,800 rpm under no load (for example, the shift position is neutral and engine
speed is over 1,800 rpm) fuel will be cut off after some time. The exact time when the fuel is cut off varies
based on engine speed.
Fuel cut will be operated until the engine speed reaches 1,500 rpm, then fuel cut will be cancelled.
NOTE:
This function is different from deceleration control listed under EC-35, "
Multiport Fuel Injection (MFI) System" .
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM function Actuator
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner ON signal
Air conditioner
cut controlAir conditioner relay Throttle position sensor Throttle valve opening angle
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)Engine speed*
2
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Battery
Battery voltage*
2
Refrigerant pressure sensor Refrigerant pressure
Power steering pressure sensor Power steering operation
Wheel sensor*
1Vehicle speed
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM function Actuator
Park/neutral position (PNP) switch Neutral position
Fuel cut control Fuel injector Accelerator pedal position sensor Accelerator pedal position
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)Engine speed
Wheel sensor* Vehicle speed

BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE
EC-47
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3. Turn ignition switch OFF and wait at least 10 seconds.
4. Turn ignition switch ON and wait at least 2 seconds.
5. Turn ignition switch OFF and wait at least 10 seconds.
Throttle Valve Closed Position LearningEBS010LG
DESCRIPTION
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning is an operation to learn the fully closed position of the throttle valve by
monitoring the throttle position sensor output signal. It must be performed each time harness connector of
electric throttle control actuator or ECM is disconnected.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
1. Make sure that accelerator pedal is fully released.
2. Turn ignition switch ON.
3. Turn ignition switch OFF and wait at least 10 seconds.
Make sure that throttle valve moves during above 10 seconds by confirming the operating sound.
Idle Air Volume LearningEBS010LH
DESCRIPTION
Idle Air Volume Learning is an operation to learn the idle air volume that keeps each engine within the specific
range. It must be performed under any of the following conditions:

Each time electric throttle control actuator or ECM is replaced.

Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PREPARATION
Before performing Idle Air Volume Learning, make sure that all of the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are missed for even a moment.

Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)

Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 95°C (158 - 203°F)

PNP switch: ON

Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting switch to the 1st position to light
only small lamps.

Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)

Vehicle speed: Stopped

Transmission: Warmed-up
For A/T models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until “FLUID TEMP SE” in “DATA MONITOR” mode of “A/
T” system indicates less than 0.9V.
For A/T models without CONSULT-II and M/T models, drive vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
With CONSULT-II
1. Perform EC-46, "Accelerator Pedal Released Position Learning" .
2. Perform EC-47, "
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning" .
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic PREPARATION (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Select “IDLE AIR VOL LEARN” in “WORK SUPPORT” mode.
SEF217Z

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-79
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Basic InspectionEBS010LS
1. INSPECTION START
1. Check service records for any recent repairs that may indicate a related malfunction, or a current need for
scheduled maintenance.
2. Open engine hood and check the following:
–Harness connectors for improper connections
–Wiring harness for improper connections, pinches and cut
–Vacuum hoses for splits, kinks and improper connections
–Hoses and ducts for leaks
–Air cleaner clogging
–Gasket
3. Confirm that electrical or mechanical loads are not applied.
–Headlamp switch is OFF.
–Air conditioner switch is OFF.
–Rear window defogger switch is OFF.
–Steering wheel is in the straight-ahead position, etc.
4. Start engine and warm it up until engine coolant temperature
indicator points the middle of gauge.
Ensure engine stays below 1,000 rpm.
5. Run engine at about 2,000 rpm for about 2 minutes under no
load.
6. Make sure that no DTC is displayed with CONSULT-II or GST.
OK or NG
OK >> GO TO 3.
NG >> GO TO 2.
2. REPAIR OR REPLACE
Repair or replace components as necessary according to corresponding Diagnostic Procedure.
>> GO TO 3
SEF983U
SEF976U
SEF977U

EC-86
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TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS

SYSTEM — ENGINE MECHANICAL & OTHER
SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA
Fuel Fuel tank
5
5FL-11
Fuel piping 5 5 5 5 5 5FL-3, EM-
34
Vapor lock—
Valve deposit
5 555 55 5—
Poor fuel (Heavy weight gaso-
line, Low octane)—
Air Air duct
55555 5EM-16
Air cleaner
Air leakage from air duct
(Mass air flow sensor —electric
throttle control actuator)
5555
Electric throttle control actuator
EM-18
Air leakage from intake manifold/
Collector/Gasket
Cranking Battery
111111 11SC-4
Alternator circuitSC-13
Starter circuit 3SC-23
Signal plate/Flywheel/Drive plate 6EM-89
PNP switch 4MT-15 or
AT- 1 0 0
Engine Cylinder head
55555 55 5EM-70
Cylinder head gasket 4 3
Cylinder block
66666 66 64
EM-89
Piston
Piston ring
Connecting rod
Bearing
Crankshaft