CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTION
WHINE/NOISE
RELATED TO ENGINE
SPEED1. Fluid Level Low. 1. Add fluid and check for leaks.
2. Shift Cable Incorrect Routing. 2. Check shift cable for correct routing.
Should not touch engine or bell housing.
TORQUE CONVERTER
LOCKS UP IN
SECOND AND/OR
THIRD GEARLockup Solenoid, Relay or Wiring
Shorted/Open.Test solenoid, relay and wiring for
continuity, shorts or grounds. Replace
solenoid and relay if faulty. Repair wiring
and connectors as necessary.
HARSH 1-2 OR 2-3
SHIFTSLockup Solenoid Malfunction. Remove valve body and replace solenoid
assembly.
NO START IN PARK
OR NEUTRAL1. Gearshift Linkage/Cable Misadjusted. 1. Adjust linkage/cable.
2. Neutral Switch Wire Open/Cut. 2. Check continuity with test lamp. Repair
as required.
3. Neutral Switch Faulty. 3. Refer to service section for test and
replacement procedure.
4. Neutral Switch Connect Faulty. 4. Connectors spread open. Repair.
5. Valve Body Manual Lever Assembly
Bent/Worn/Broken.5. Inspect lever assembly and replace if
damaged.
NO REVERSE (OR
SLIPS IN REVERSE)1. Direct Clutch Pack (front clutch) Worn. 1. Disassemble unit and rebuild clutch
pack.
2. Rear Band Misadjusted. 2. Adjust band.
3. Front Clutch Malfunctioned/Burnt. 3. Air pressure test clutch operation.
Remove and rebuild if necessary.
OIL LEAKS (ITEMS
LISTED REPRESENT
POSSIBLE LEAK
POINTS AND SHOULD
ALL BE CHECKED.1. Fluid Lines and Fittings Loose/Leaks/
Damaged.1. Tighten fittings. If leaks persist, replace
fittings and lines if necessary.
2. Filler Tube (where tube enters case)
Leaks/Damaged.2. Replace tube seal. Inspect tube for
cracks in tube.
3. Pressure Port Plug Loose Loose/
Damaged.3. Tighten to correct torque. Replace plug
or reseal if leak persists.
4. Pan Gasket Leaks. 4. Tighten pan screws to 150 inch
pounds. If leaks persist, replace gasket.
Do no over tighten screws.
5. Valve Body Manual Lever Shaft Seal
Leaks/Worn.5. Replace shaft seal.
6. Rear Bearing Access Plate Leaks. 6. Replace gasket. Tighten screws.
7. Gasket Damaged or Bolts are Loose. 7. Replace bolts or gasket or tighten both.
8. Adapter/Extension Gasket Damaged
Leaks/Damaged.8. Replace gasket.
9. Neutral Switch Leaks/Damaged. 9. Replace switch and gasket.
10. Converter Housing Area Leaks. 10. Check for leaks at seal caused by
worn seal or burr on converter hub
(cutting seal), worn bushing, missing oil
return, oil in front pump housing or hole
plugged. Check for leaks past O-ring seal
on pump or past pump-to-case bolts;
pump housing porous, oil coming out vent
due to overfill or leak past front band shaft
access plug.
21 - 30 AUTOMATIC - 31THRS
AUTOMATIC - 31TH (Continued)
CONDITION POSSIBLE CAUSES CORRECTION
11. Pump Seal Leaks/Worn/Damaged. 11. Replace seal.
12. Torque Converter Weld Leak/Cracked
Hub.12. Replace converter.
13. Case Porosity Leaks. 13. Replace case.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - ROAD TEST
Prior to performing a road test, check the fluid
level and throttle valve cable adjustments.
During the road test, the transaxle should be oper-
ated in each position to check for slipping and any
variation in shifting.
If vehicle operates at high speeds, but has poor
acceleration, the converter's overrunning clutch may
be slipping. If acceleration is normal, but high throt-
tle opening is needed for high speeds, the stator
clutch may have seized.Observe closely for slipping or engine speed flare-
up. Slipping or flare-up in any gear usually indicates
clutch, band, or overrunning clutch problems. If the
condition is far advanced, an overhaul will probably
be necessary to restore normal operation.
In most cases, the clutch or band that is slipping
can be determined by noting the transaxle operation
in all selector positions and then comparing which
internal units are applied in those positions. The Ele-
ments±in±Use Chart provides a basis for road test
analysis.
CLUTCHES BANDS
LEVER START PARK
FRONT REAR LOCKUPOVER-
RUNNING(KICKDOWN) LOW/REV
POSITION SAFETY SPRAG FRONT REAR
PÐ
PARKXX
RÐ
REVERSEXX
NÐ
NEUTRALX
DÐ
DRIVE
First X X
Second X X
Third X X X
2Ð
SECOND
First X X
Second X X
1 Ð Low X X
The rear clutch is applied in both the D first gear
and 1 first gear positions. Also, the overrunning
clutch is applied in D first gear and the low/reverse
band is applied in 1 first gear position. If the trans-
axle slips in D range first gear, but does not slip in 1
first gear, the overrunning clutch is slipping. Simi-
larly, if the transaxle slips in any two forward gears,
the rear clutch is slipping.Using the same procedure, the rear clutch and
front clutch are applied in D third gear. If the trans-
axle slips in third gear, either the front clutch or the
rear clutch is slipping. By selecting another gear that
does not use one of those units, the unit that is slip-
ping can be determined. If the transaxle also slips in
reverse, the front clutch is slipping. If the transaxle
does not slip in reverse, the rear clutch is slipping.
RSAUTOMATIC - 31TH21-31
AUTOMATIC - 31TH (Continued)
(5) Low line pressure in all positions indicates a
defective pump, a clogged filter, or a stuck pressure
regulator valve.
GOVERNOR PRESSURE
Test only if transaxle shifts at wrong vehicle
speeds when throttle cable is correctly adjusted.
(1) Connect a 100 psi gauge to governor pressure
port. It is located at lower right side of case, below
differential cover (Fig. 2).
(2) Operate transaxle in third gear to read pres-
sures. The governor pressure should respond
smoothly to changes in mph and should return to 0
to 3 psi when vehicle is stopped. High pressure
(above 3 psi) at standstill will prevent the transaxle
from downshifting.
THROTTLE PRESSURE
No gauge port is provided for throttle pressure.
Incorrect throttle pressure should be suspected if
part throttle upshift speeds are either delayed or
occur too early in relation to vehicle speed. Engine
runaway on shifts can also be an indicator of low
throttle pressure setting, or misadjusted throttle
cable.
In no case should throttle pressure be adjusted
until the transaxle throttle cable adjustment has
been verified to be correct.
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - TORQUE
CONVERTER HOUSING FLUID LEAKAGE
When diagnosing converter housing fluid leaks,
three actions must be taken before repair:
(1) Verify proper transmission fluid level.
(2) Verify that the leak originates from the con-
verter housing area and is transmission fluid.
(3) Determine the true source of the leak.
Fluid leakage at or around the torque converter
area may originate from an engine oil leak (Fig. 3).
The area should be examined closely. Factory fill
fluid is red and, therefore, can be distinguished from
engine oil.
Some suspected converter housing fluid leaks may
not be leaks at all. They may only be the result of
residual fluid in the converter housing, or excess
fluid spilled during factory fill, or fill after repair.
Converter housing leaks have several potential
sources. Through careful observation, a leak source
can be identified before removing the transmission
for repair.
Pump seal leaks tend to move along the drive hub
and onto the rear of the converter (Fig. 3). Pump
o-ring or pump body leaks follow the same path as a
seal leak. Pump attaching bolt leaks are generally
deposited on the inside of the converter housing and
not on the converter itself. Pump seal or gasket leaksusually travel down the inside of the converter hous-
ing (Fig. 3).
TORQUE CONVERTER LEAKAGE
Possible sources of torque converter leakage are:
²Torque converter weld leaks at the outside diam-
eter weld (Fig. 4).
²Torque converter hub weld (Fig. 4).
Fig. 3 Converter Housing Leak Paths
1 - PUMP SEAL
2 - PUMP VENT
3 - PUMP BOLT
4 - PUMP GASKET
5 - CONVERTER HOUSING
6 - CONVERTER
7 - REAR MAIN SEAL LEAK
Fig. 4 Converter Leak PointsÐTypical
1 - OUTSIDE DIAMETER WELD
2 - TORQUE CONVERTER HUB WELD
3 - STARTER RING GEAR
4 - LUG
21 - 34 AUTOMATIC - 31THRS
AUTOMATIC - 31TH (Continued)
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING - CLUTCH AND
SERVO AIR PRESSURE TESTS
A no drive condition might exist even with correct
fluid pressure, because of inoperative clutches or
bands. The inoperative units, clutches, bands, and
servos can be located through a series of tests. This
is done by substituting air pressure for fluid pressure
(Fig. 5).
The front and rear clutches, kickdown servo, and
low-reverse servo may be tested by applying air pres-
sure to their respective passages. To make air pres-
sure tests, proceed as follows:
NOTE: Compressed air supply must be free of all
dirt or moisture. Use a pressure of 30 psi.Remove oil pan and valve body. Refer to Valve
Body for removal procedure.FRONT CLUTCH
Apply air pressure to front clutch apply passage
and listen for a dull thud which indicates that front
clutch is operating. Hold air pressure on for a few
seconds and inspect system for excessive oil leaks.
REAR CLUTCH
Apply air pressure to rear clutch apply passage
and listen for a dull thud which indicates that rear
clutch is operating. Also inspect for excessive oil
leaks. If a dull thud cannot be heard in the clutches,
place finger tips on clutch housing and again apply
air pressure. Movement of piston can be felt as the
clutch is applied.
Fig. 5 Air Pressure Tests
1 - PUMP SUCTION
2 - PUMP PRESSURE
3 - FRONT CLUTCH APPLY
4 - REAR CLUTCH APPLY
5 - TO TORQUE CONVERTER
6 - FROM TORQUE CONVERTER
7 - TO OIL COOLER
8 - KICKDOWN SERVO OFF
9 - KICKDOWN SERVO ON10 - ACCUMULATOR OFF
11 - ACCUMULATOR ON
12 - LOW-REVERSE SERVO APPLY
13 - GOVERNOR PRESSURE
14 - LINE PRESSURE TO GOVERNOR
15 - GOVERNOR PRESSURE PLUG
16 - GOVERNOR PRESSURE
17 - BYPASS VALVE BORE
RSAUTOMATIC - 31TH21-35
AUTOMATIC - 31TH (Continued)
KICKDOWN SERVO (FRONT)
Direct air pressure into KICKDOWN SERVO ON
passage. Operation of servo is indicated by a tighten-
ing of front band. Spring tension on servo piston
should release the band.
LOW AND REVERSE SERVO (REAR)
Direct air pressure into LOW-REVERSE SERVO
APPLY passage. Operation of servo is indicated by a
tightening of rear band. Spring tension on servo pis-
ton should release the band.
If clutches and servos operate properly, no upshift
indicates that a malfunction exists in the valve body.
STANDARD PROCEDURE - ALUMINUM
THREAD REPAIR
Damaged or worn threads in the aluminum trans-
axle case and valve body can be repaired by the use
of Heli-Coils, or equivalent. This repair consists of
drilling out the worn-out damaged threads. Then tap-
ping the hole with a Heli-Coil tap, or equivalent, and
installing a Heli-Coil insert, or equivalent, into the
hole. This brings the hole back to its original thread
size.
Heli-Coil, or equivalent, tools and inserts are
readily available from most automotive parts suppli-
ers.
REMOVAL
(1) Disconnect battery negative cable.
(2) Remove fluid level indicator tube bolt and tube/
indicator assembly (Fig. 6). Plug opening to prevent
debris intrusion.
(3) Disconnect torque converter clutch solenoid
(TCC) connector.
(4) Disconnect kickdown cable from lever and
bracket (Fig. 7). Position out of way.
(5) Disconnect gearshift cable from manual valve
lever and upper mount bracket (Fig. 8). Position out
of way.
(6) Disconnect back-up lamp switch connector.
(7) Remove upper two (2) transaxle-to-engine bolts.
(8) Remove three (3) rear mount bracket-to-trans-
axle case bolts (Fig. 9).
(9) Raise vehicle on hoist.
(10) Remove halfshafts. (Refer to 3 - DIFFEREN-
TIAL & DRIVELINE/HALF SHAFT - REMOVAL)
(11) Remove starter motor assembly (Fig. 10).
Fig. 6 Fluid Level Indicator Assembly
1 - INDICATOR ASSEMBLY
2 - BOLT
3 - KICKDOWN CABLE BRACKET
4 - SEAL
Fig. 7 Throttle Valve Cable at Transaxle
1 - LEVER
2 - BRACKET
3 - THROTTLE VALVE CABLE
21 - 36 AUTOMATIC - 31THRS
AUTOMATIC - 31TH (Continued)
(12) Remove front mount and bracket (Fig. 11).
(13) Cut transaxle oil cooler lines flush with fit-
tings. a service kit will be installed upon reintalla-
tion. Plug lines and fittings to prevent debris
intrusion.
(14) Remove structural collar (Fig. 12).
(15) Disconnect vehicle speed sensor connector.
(16) Remove rear mount shield (Fig. 13).
(17) Remove rear mount thru-bolt.
(18) Support engine with screw jack and wood
block.
(19) Remove cradle plate.
(20) Remove torque converter-to-drive plate bolts.
(21) Remove left wheel splash shield.
(22) Remove left upper mount thru-bolt (Fig. 14).
(23) Lower engine/transaxle assembly.
(24) Obtain transmission jack and helper.
(25) Remove remaining transaxle-to-engine bolts
and remove transaxle assembly from vehicle.
Fig. 11 Front Mount and Bracket
1 - BRACKET - FRONT MOUNT
2 - NUT
3 - BOLT
4 - MOUNT - FRONT INSULATOR
5 - BOLT
6 - BOLT
7 - FRONT CROSSMEMBER
Fig. 12 Structural Collar
1 - BOLT - COLLAR TO OIL PAN
2 - BOLT - COLLAR TO TRANSAXLE
3 - STRUCTURAL COLLAR
4 - OIL PAN
Fig. 13 Rear Mount Heat Shield
1 - BOLT - HEAT SHIELD
2 - HEAT SHIELD
3 - CLIP
4 - REAR MOUNT
21 - 38 AUTOMATIC - 31THRS
AUTOMATIC - 31TH (Continued)
(18) Inspect #1 thrust washer (on reaction support)
and replace as necessary.
(19) Install oil pump to transaxle (Fig. 73). Torque
bolts to 31 N´m (275 in. lbs.).
(20) Set up tools as shown in (Fig. 74) to measure
input shaft end play.Input shaft end play should
be within 0.19-1.50mm (0.008-0.060 in.).(21) Install park pawl, spring, and pivot shaft (Fig.
75)
(22) Install rod support and bolts (Fig. 76). Torque
bolts to 28 N´m (250 in. lbs.). (Fig. 77).
Fig. 73 Oil Pump Attaching Bolts
1 - SEAL
2 - PUMP ATTACHING BOLTS (7)
3 - PUMP HOUSING
Fig. 74 Measure Input Shaft End Play using End
Play Set 8266
1 - TOOL 8266±8
2 - TOOL 8266±2
3 - TOOL C-3339
Fig. 75 Parking Pawl, Return Spring, and Pivot Shaft
1 - PARK PAWL
2 - RETURN SPRING
3 - NOTE: SMALL DIAMETER TO REAR
4 - PIVOT SHAFT
Fig. 76 Support and Bolts
1 - BOLT (2)
2 - PARKING SPRAG ROD SUPPORT
21 - 54 AUTOMATIC - 31THRS
AUTOMATIC - 31TH (Continued)
(26) Install snap ring (Fig. 81).
(27) Install kickdown band strut.
(28) Torque kickdown band adjusting screw (Fig.
82) to 8 N´m (72 in. lbs.) torque. Back off adjusting
screw 2ò turns. Torque lock nut to 47 N´m (35 ft.
lbs.).(29) Install accumulator piston and spring (Fig.
83).
(30) Install accumulator plate (Fig. 84) and place
snap ring into position for installation.
Fig. 81 Kickdown Servo Snap Ring
1 - SNAP RING
2 - SNAP RING PLIERS
3 - ACCUMULATOR PLATE
4 - KICKDOWN LEVER
5 - KICKDOWN PISTON ROD GUIDE
Fig. 82 Adjust Kickdown Band
1 - KICKDOWN BAND ADJUSTING SCREW
Fig. 83 Accumulator Spring and Piston
1 - ACCUMULATOR SPRING
2 - ACCUMULATOR PISTON
3 - SEAL RINGS
Fig. 84 Accumulator Plate and Snap Ring
1 - SNAP RING
2 - ACCUMULATOR PLATE
3-88O'' RING
21 - 56 AUTOMATIC - 31THRS
AUTOMATIC - 31TH (Continued)