1999 NISSAN PRIMERA coolant level

Cooling Fan (Overheat)
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Vehicle speed sensorEVehicle speed
ECM
ECooling
fan
relay(s)Engine coolant temperature sensorEEngine coolant temperature
Air conditioner switch
EAir conditioner ªONº signal
The ECM controls the cooling fan corresponding to the vehicle speed, engine coolant temperature, air con-
ditioner system pressure and air conditioner ON signal. The control system has 3-step control [HIGH/LOW/
OFF]. This system indirectly relates to diagnostic trouble code 28 (Overheat).
Operation
ON-BOARD DIAGNOSIS LOGIC
This diagnosis continuously monitors the engine coolant temperature.
If the cooling fan or another component in the cooling system malfunctions, engine coolant temperature will
rise.
When the engine coolant temperature reaches an abnormally high temperature condition, a malfunction is
indicated.
Malfunction is detected when ...Check Items
(Possible Cause)
lAn excessive high engine coolant temperature sensor sig-
nal is detected by the ECM. (Overheat)lHarness or connectors
(The cooling fan circuit is open or shorted.)
lCooling fan
lRadiator hose
lRadiator
lRadiator cap
lWater pump
lThermostat
lFan belt
lEngine coolant temperature sensor
For more information, refer to ª12 MAIN CAUSES OF
OVERHEATINGº, EC-CD-95.
CAUTION:
When a malfunction is indicated, be sure to replace the coolant following the procedure in the MA
section (ªChanging Engine Coolantº, ªENGINE MAINTENANCEº). Also, replace the engine oil.
a. Fill radiator with coolant up to specified level with a filling speed of 2 liters per minute. Be sure
to use coolant with the proper mixture ratio. Refer to MA section (ªAnti-freeze Coolant Mixture
Ratioº, ªRECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTSº).
b. After refilling coolant, run engine to ensure that no water-flow noise is emitted.
NEF772
Engine coolant
temperature ÉC (ÉF)
Air conditioner is OFF
.102 (216)
.96 (205)
.20
(12).80
(50)
Vehicle speed km/h (mph)
Cooling fans do not operateCooling fans operate at high speed
Engine coolant
temperature ÉC (ÉF)
Vehicle speed km/h (mph)
.20
(12).80
(50)
.102 (216)
.96 (205)Air conditioner is ON
Cooling fans operate at low speed
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS 8CD20T
EC-87

OVERALL FUNCTION CHECK
Use this procedure to check the overall function of the cooling
fan. During this check, a DTC might not be confirmed.
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Seri-
ous burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping
from the radiator.
Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Carefully remove the cap
by turning it a quarter turn to allow built-up pressure to
escape. Then turn the cap all the way off.
1) Check the coolant level in the reservoir tank and radiator.
Allow engine to cool before checking coolant level.
If the coolant level in the reservoir tank and/or radiator is
below the proper range, skip the following steps and go to
ªDIAGNOSTIC PROCEDUREº, EC-CD-90.
2) Confirm whether customer filled the coolant or not. If cus-
tomer filled the coolant, skip the following steps and go to
ªDIAGNOSTIC PROCEDUREº, EC-CD-90.
3) Turn ignition switch to ªONº position.
4) Perform ªCOOLING FANº in ªACTIVE TESTº mode
with CONSULT-II (LOW speed and HI speed).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------OR--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3) Start engine.
Be careful not to overheat engine.
4) Set temperature control switch to full cold position.
5) Push Air Conditioner switch to ªONº position.
6) Turn blower fan switch to ªONº position.
7) Run engine at idle for a few minutes with Air Con-
ditioner operating.
Be careful not to overheat engine.
8) Make sure that both cooling fans operate at low
speed.
9) Turn ignition switch to ªLOCKº position.
10) Push Air Conditioner switch and blower fan switch
to ªOFFº position.
11) Disconnect engine coolant temperature sensor
harness connector.
12) Connect 150Wresistor to engine coolant tempera-
ture sensor harness connector.
13) Restart engine and make sure that both cooling
fans operate at higher speed than low speed.
Be careful not to overheat engine.
AEC640 MAX.
MIN.OK
SEF111X
SEC163BA
MEC475B Cooling fan
Engine coolant
temperature sensor
harness connector
150Wresistor
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS 8CD20T
Cooling Fan (Overheat) (Cont'd)
EC-88

12 MAIN CAUSES OF OVERHEATING
Engine Step Inspection item Equipment Standard Reference page
OFF 1
lBlocked radiatorlBlocked condenserlBlocked radiator grillelBlocked bumper
lVisual No blocking þ
2
lCoolant mixturelCoolant tester 50 - 50% coolant mix-
tureSee ªRECOMMENDED
FLUIDS AND LUBRI-
CANTSº in MA section.
3
lCoolant levellVisual Coolant up to MAX level
in reservoir tank and
radiator filler neckSee ªChanging Engine
Coolantº, ªENGINE
MAINTENANCEº in MA
section.
4
lRadiator caplPressure tester 78 - 98 kPa
(0.78 - 0.98 bar, 0.8 -
1.0 kg/cm
2, 11 - 14 psi)
59-98kPa
(0.59 - 0.98 bar, 0.6 -
1.0 kg/cm
2,9-14psi)
(Limit)See ªSystem Checkº
ªENGINE COOLING
SYSTEMº in LC section.
ON*2 5
lCoolant leakslVisual No leaks See ªSystem Checkº
ªENGINE COOLING
SYSTEMº in LC section.
ON*2 6
lThermostatlTouch the upper and
lower radiator hosesBoth hoses should be
hotSee ªThermostatº and
ªRadiatorº, ªENGINE
COOLING SYSTEMº in
LC section.
ON*1 7
lCooling fanlCONSULT Operating See ªTROUBLE DIAG-
NOSIS 8º.
OFF 8
lCombustion gas leaklColor checker
chemical tester
4 Gas analyzerNegative þ
ON*3 9
lCoolant temperature
gaugelVisual Gauge less than 3/4
when drivingþ
lCoolant overflow to
reservoir tanklVisual No overflow during driv-
ing and idlingSee ªChanging Engine
Coolantº, ªENGINE
MAINTENANCEº in MA
section.
OFF*4 10
lCoolant return from
reservoir tank to
radiatorlVisual Should be initial level in
reservoir tankSee ªENGINE MAINTE-
NANCEº in MA section.
OFF 11
lCylinder headlStraight gauge feeler
gauge0.1 mm (0.004 in) Maxi-
mum distortion (warping)See ªInspectionº, ªCYL-
INDER HEADº in EM
section.
12
lCylinder block and
pistonslVisual No scuffing on cylinder
walls or pistonSee ªInspectionº, ªCYL-
INDER BLOCKº in EM
section.
*1: Turn the ignition switch ON.
*2: Engine running at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes.
*3: Drive at 90 km/h (55 mph) for 30 minutes and then let idle for 10 minutes.
*4: After 60 minutes of cool down time.
For more information, refer to ªOVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSISº in LC section.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS 8CD20T
Cooling Fan (Overheat) (Cont'd)
EC-95

IThe time required for each diagnosis varies with road surface conditions, weather, altitude, individual driv-
ing habits, etc.
Zone A refers to the range where the time required, for the diagnosis under normal conditions*, is the
shortest. Zone B refers to the range where the diagnosis can still be performed if the diagnosis is not
completed within zone A.
*: Normal conditions refer to the following:
þ Sea level
þ Flat road
þ Ambient air temperature: 20 - 30ÉC (68 - 86ÉF)
þ Diagnosis is performed as quickly as possible under normal conditions.
Under different conditions [For example: ambient air temperature other than 20 - 30ÉC (68 - 86ÉF)], diagnosis may
also be performed.
Pattern 1:
IThe engine is started at the engine coolant temperature of þ10 to 35ÉC (14 to 95ÉF) (where the volt-
age between the ECM terminals 70 and 58 is 3.0 - 4.3V).
IThe engine must be operated at idle speed until the engine coolant temperature is greater than 70ÉC
(158ÉF) (where the voltage between the ECM terminals 70 and 58 is lower than 1.4V).
Pattern 2:
IWhen steady-state driving is performed again even after it is interrupted, each diagnosis can be conducted.
In this case, the time required for diagnosis may be extended.
*1: Depress the accelerator pedal until vehicle speed is 90 km/h (56 MPH), then release the accelerator pedal
and keep it released for more than 10 seconds. Depress the accelerator pedal until vehicle speed is 90
km/h (56 MPH) again.
*2: Checking the vehicle speed with CONSULT-II or GST is advised.
*3: The driving pattern may be omitted when all the followings are performed using the ªDTC WORK SUP-
PORTº mode with CONSULT-II.
IªEGR SYSTEM P0400º (If so equipped)
IªEGR SYSTEM P1402º (If so equipped)
Suggested upshift speeds
Shown below are suggested vehicle speeds for shifting into a higher gear. These suggestions relate to fuel
economy and vehicle performance. Actual upshift speeds will vary according to road conditions, the weather
and individual driving habits.
Gear changeACCEL shift point
km/h (MPH)
1st to 2nd 15 (9)
2nd to 3rd 35 (22)
3rd to 4th 50 (31)
4th to 5th 70 (43)
TEST VALUE AND TEST LIMIT (GST ONLY Ð NOT APPLICABLE TO CONSULT-II)NCEC0031S04The following is the information specified in Mode 6 of ISO15031-5.
The test value is a parameter used to determine whether a system/circuit diagnostic test is ªOKº or ªNGº while
being monitored by the ECM during self-diagnosis. The test limit is a reference value which is specified as the
maximum or minimum value and is compared with the test value being monitored.
Items for which these data (test value and test limit) are displayed are the same as SRT code items (6 test
items).
These data (test value and test limit) are specified by Test ID (TID) and Component ID (CID) and can be dis-
played on the GST screen.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
SRT item Self-diagnostic test itemTest value (GST display)
Test limit Application
TID CID
CATALYST Three way catalyst function01H 01H Max. X
02H 81H Min. X
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG16I18DE
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-41

SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA
Engine Cylinder head
55555 55 5
EM section Cylinder head gasket 4 3
Cylinder block
66666 66 64 Piston
Piston ring
Connecting rod
Bearing
Crankshaft
Valve
mecha-
nismTiming chain
55555 55 5 EMsection Camshaft
Intake valve
3
Exhaust valve
Exhaust Exhaust manifold/Tube/Muffler/
Gasket
55555 55 5 FEsection
Three way catalyst
Lubrica-
tionOil pan/Oil strainer/Oil pump/Oil
filter/Oil gallery
55555 55 5MA, EM and
LC sections
Oil level (Low)/Filthy oil
LC section Cooling Radiator/Hose/Radiator filler cap
55555 55 45 Thermostat 5
Water pump
Water gallery
Cooling fan 5 EC-QG-289
Coolant level (low)/
Contaminated coolantMA section
1 - 6: The numbers refer to the order of inspection.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Ð GENERAL DESCRIPTIONQG16I18DE
Symptom Matrix Chart (Cont'd)
EC-85

DescriptionNCEC0279SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONNCEC0279S01
Sensor Input Signal to ECMECM func-
tionActuator
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) Engine speed
Idle air con-
trolIACV-AAC valve Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Ignition switch Start signal
Throttle position sensor Throttle position
PNP switch Park/Neutral position
Air conditioner switch Air conditioner operation
Power steering oil pressure switch Power steering load signal
Battery Battery voltage
Vehicle speed sensor or ABS actuator and
electric unit (control unit)Vehicle speed
Cooling fan Cooling fan operation
Electrical load Electrical load signal
This system automatically controls engine idle speed to a specified
level. Idle speed is controlled through fine adjustment of the
amount of air which by-passes the throttle valve via IACV-AAC
valve. The IACV-AAC valve changes the opening of the air by-pass
passage to control the amount of auxiliary air. This valve is actu-
ated by a step motor built into the valve, which moves the valve in
the axial direction in steps corresponding to the ECM output sig-
nals. One step of IACV-AAC valve movement causes the respec-
tive opening of the air by-pass passage. (i.e. when the step
advances, the opening is enlarged.) The opening of the valve is
varied to allow for optimum control of the engine idling speed. The
crankshaft position sensor (POS) detects the actual engine speed
and sends a signal to the ECM. The ECM then controls the step
position of the IACV-AAC valve so that engine speed coincides with
the target value memorized in ECM. The target engine speed is the
lowest speed at which the engine can operate steadily. The opti-
mum value stored in the ECM is determined by taking into consid-
eration various engine conditions, such as during warm up,
deceleration, and engine load (air conditioner, power steering, cool-
ing fan operation and electrical load).
COMPONENT DESCRIPTIONNCEC0279S02The IACV-AAC valve is operated by a step motor for centralized
control of auxiliary air supply. This motor has four winding phases
and is actuated by the output signals of ECM which turns ON and
OFF two windings each in sequence. Each time the IACV-AAC
valve opens or closes to change the auxiliary air quantity, the ECM
sends a pulse signal to the step motor. When no change in the
auxiliary air quantity is needed, the ECM does not issue the pulse
signal. A certain voltage signal is issued so that the valve remains
at that particular opening.
SEF937W
DTC P0505 IDLE AIR CONTROL VALVE (IACV) Ð
AUXILIARY AIR CONTROL (AAC) VALVEQG16I18DE
Description
EC-274

ECM Terminals and Reference Value=NCEC0487Specification data are reference values and are measured between each terminal and ground.
CAUTION:
Do not use ECM ground terminals when measuring input/output voltage. Doing so may result in dam-
age to the ECM's transistor. Use a ground other than ECM terminals, such as the ground.
TER-
MINAL
NO.WIRE
COLORITEM CONDITION DATA (DC Voltage)
13 LG/R Cooling fan relay[Engine is running]
ICooling fan is not operatingBATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
[Engine is running]
ICooling fan is operatingApproximately 0V
23 L/W Air conditioner switch[Engine is running]
IBoth air conditioner switch and blower switch are
ªONº (Compressor operates)Approximately 0V
[Engine is running]
IAir conditioner switch is ªOFFºBATTERY VOLTAGE
(11 - 14V)
On Board Diagnosis LogicNCE0488If the cooling fan or another component in the cooling system malfunctions, engine coolant temperature will
rise.
When the engine coolant temperature reaches an abnormally high temperature condition, a malfunction is
indicated.
Diagnostic
Trouble Code
No.Malfunction is detected when ...Check Items
(Possible Cause)
P1217
1217ICooling fan does not operate properly (Overheat).
ICooling fan system does not operate properly (Overheat).
IEngine coolant was not added to the system using the
proper filling method.IHarness or connectors
(The cooling fan circuit is open or shorted).
ICooling fan
IRadiator hose
IRadiator
IRadiator cap
IWater pump
IThermostat
For more information, refer to ªMAIN 12 CAUSES
OF OVERHEATINGº, EC-QG-298.
CAUTION:
When a malfunction is indicated, be sure to replace the coolant following the procedure in the MA
section (ªChanging Engine Coolantº, ªENGINE MAINTENANCEº). Also, replace the engine oil.
1) Fill radiator with coolant up to specified level with a filling speed of 2 liters per minute. Be sure to use
coolant with the proper mixture ratio. Refer to MA section (ªAnti-freeze Coolant Mixture Ratioº, ªRECOM-
MENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTSº).
2) After refilling coolant, run engine to ensure that no water-flow noise is emitted.
DTC P1217 OVERHEAT (COOLING SYSTEM)QG16I18DE
ECM Terminals and Reference Value
EC-290

Overall Function CheckNCEC0489Use this procedure to check the overall function of the cooling fan.
During this check, a DTC might not be confirmed.
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious
burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping from
the radiator.
Wrap a thick cloth around cap. Carefully remove the cap by
turning it a quarter turn to allow built-up pressure to escape.
Then turn the cap all the way off.
With CONSULT-II
1) Check the coolant level in the reservoir tank and radiator.
Allow engine to cool before checking coolant level.
If the coolant level in the reservoir tank and/or radiator is below
the proper range, skip the following steps and go to ªDiagnos-
tic Procedureº, EC-QG-294.
2) Confirm whether customer filled the coolant or not. If customer
filled the coolant, skip the following steps and go to ªDiagnos-
tic Procedureº, EC-QG-294.
3) Turn ignition switch ªONº.
4) Perform ªCOOLING FANº in ªACTIVE TESTº mode with CON-
SULT-II.
5) If the results are NG, go to ªDiagnostic Procedureº, EC-QG-
294.
Without CONSULT-II
1) Check the coolant level in the reservoir tank and radiator.
Allow engine to cool before checking coolant level.
If the coolant level in the reservoir tank and/or radiator is below
the proper range, skip the following steps and go to ªDiagnos-
tic Procedureº, EC-QG-294.
2) Confirm whether customer filled the coolant or not. If customer
filled the coolant, skip the following steps and go to ªDiagnos-
tic Procedureº, EC-QG-294.
3) Start engine.
Be careful not to overheat engine.
4) Set temperature control lever to full cold position.
5) Turn air conditioner switch ªONº.
6) Turn blower fan switch ªONº.
7) Run engine at idle for a few minutes with air conditioner oper-
ating.
Be careful not to overheat engine.
8) Make sure that cooling fan operates.
If NG, go to ªDiagnostic Procedureº, EC-QG-294.
SEF621WA
SEF111X
SEC163BA
DTC P1217 OVERHEAT (COOLING SYSTEM)QG16I18DE
Overall Function Check
EC-291