1998 OPEL FRONTERA service indicator

6E–104
ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P0101 MAF System Performance
D06RW103
Circuit Description
The mass air flow (MAF) sensor measures the amount of
air which passes through it into the engine during a given
time. The powertrain control module (PCM) uses the
mass air flow information to monitor engine operating
conditions for fuel delivery calculations. A large quantity
of air entering the engine indicates an acceleration or high
load situation, while a small quantity or air indicates
deceleration or idle.
The MAF sensor produces a frequency signal which can
be monitored using a Tech 2. DTC P0101 will be set if the
signal from the MAF sensor does not match a predicted
value based on throttle position and engine RPM.
Conditions for Setting the DTC
The engine is running.
No TP sensor or MAP sensor DTCs are set.
The throttle is steady, TP angle doesn’t change by
more than 1%.
System voltage is between 11.5 volts and 16 volts.
Calculated air flow is between 25 g/second and 40
g/second.
Above conditions present for at least 1 second.
MAF signal frequency indicates an airflow significantly
higher or lower than a predicted value based on throttle
position and engine RPM for a total of 12.5 seconds
over a 25-second period of time.
Action Taken When the DTC Sets
The PCM will illuminate the malfunction indicator lamp
(MIL) after the second consecutive trip in which the
fault is detected.
The PCM calculates an airflow value based on idle air
control valve position, throttle position, RPM and
barometric pressure.
The PCM will store conditions which were present
when the DTC was set as Freeze Frame and in the
Failure Records data.
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC
DTC P0101 can be cleared by using the Tech 2 “Clear
Info” function or by disconnecting the PCM battery
feed.
Diagnostic Aids
An intermittent may be caused by the following:
Poor connections.
Mis-routed harness.
Rubbed through wire insulation.
Broken wire inside the insulation.
Refer to Intermittents under service category Symptoms.
Any un-metered air may cause this DTC to set. Check for
the following:
The duct work at the MAF sensor for leaks.
An engine vacuum leak.
The PCV system for vacuum leaks.
An incorrect PCV valve.

6E–262
ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
Symptom Diagnosis
Preliminary Checks
Before using this section, perform the “On-Board
Diagnostic (OBD) System Check” and verify all of the
following items:
The powertrain control module (PCM) and malfunction
indicator lamp (MIL) (Service Engine Soon lamp) are
operating correctly.
There are no DTC(s) stored.
Tech 2 data is within normal operating range. Refer to
Typical Scan Data Values.
Verify the customer complaint and locate the correct
symptom in the table of contents. Perform the
procedure included in the symptom chart.
Visual/Physical Check
Several of the symptom procedures call for a careful
visual/physical check. This can lead to correcting a
problem without further checks and can save valuable
time.
This check should include the following items:
PCM grounds for cleanliness, tightness and proper
location.
Vacuum hoses for splits, kinks, and proper
connections, as shown on the “Vehicle Emission
Control Information” label. Check thoroughly for any
type of leak or restriction.
Air intake ducts for collapsed or damaged areas.
Air leaks at throttle body mounting area, mass air flow
(MAF) sensor and intake manifold sealing surfaces.
Ignition wires for cracking, hardness, and carbon
tracking.
Wiring for proper connections, pinches and cuts.
Intermittents
IMPORTANT:An intermittent problem may or may not
turn on the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) or store a
DTC. DO NOT use the Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
charts for intermittent problems. The fault must be
present to locate the problem.
Most intermittent problems are caused by faulty electrical
connections or wiring. Perform a careful visual/physical
check for the following conditions:
Poor mating of the connector halves or a terminal not
fully seated in the connector (backed out).
Improperly formed or damaged terminal.
All connector terminals in the problem circuit should be
carefully checked for proper contact tension.
Poor terminal-to-wire connection. This requires
removing the terminal from the connector body to
check.
Road test the vehicle with a J 39200 Digital Multimeter
connected to a suspected circuit. An abnormal voltage
when the malfunction occurs is a good indication that
there is a fault in the circuit being monitored.
Use Tech 2 to help detect intermittent conditions. Tech 2s
have several features that can be used to locate anintermittent condition. Use the following feature to find
intermittent faults:
Using Tech 2’s “Freeze Frame” buffer or “Failure
Records” buffer can aid in locating an intermittent
condition. Review and record the information in the
freeze frame or failure record associated with the
intermittent DTC being diagnosed. The vehicle can be
driven within the conditions that were present when the
DTC originally set.
To check for loss of diagnostic code memory, disconnect
the MAP sensor and idle the engine until the MIL (Service
Engine Soon lamp) comes on. DTC P0107 should be
stored and kept in memory when the ignition is turned
“OFF.” If not, the PCM is faulty. When this test is
completed, make sure that you clear the DTC P0107 from
memory.
An intermittent MIL (Service Engine Soon lamp) with no
stored DTC may be caused by the following:
Ignition coil shorted to ground and arcing at ignition
wires or plugs.
MIL (Service Engine Soon lamp) wire to PCM shorted
to ground.
Poor PCM grounds. Refer to the PCM wiring
diagrams.
Check for improper installation of electrical options such
as lights, cellular phones, etc. Route ignition coil wiring
away from the ignition coils. Check all wires from the
PCM to the ignition coil for poor connections.
Check for an open diode across the A/C compressor
clutch and check for other open diodes (refer to wiring
diagrams in
Electrical Diagnosis).
If problem has not been found, refer to
PCM Connector
Symptom
tables.

6E–298
ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
4. Remove the MAP sensor from the mounting bracket.
055RW002
Installation Procedure
1. Install the MAP sensor in the mounting bracket.
055RW002
2. Install the mounting bracket retaining bolt on the
common chamber.
3. Connect the MAP electrical connector.
055RW005
4. Connect the negative battery cable.
Malfunction Indicator Lamp
(MIL)
Removal and Installation Procedure
Refer to Warning light bulb, indicator light valve,
illumination light bulb, A/T indicator light bulb in Meter and
Gauge.
Powertrain Control Module
(PCM)
Service Precaution
NOTE: To prevent possible electrostatic discharge
damage to the PCM, do not touch the connector pins or
soldered components on the circuit board.
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD)
Damage
Electronic components used in the control systems are
often designed to carry very low voltage. Electronic
components are susceptible to damage caused by
electrostatic discharge. Less than 100 volts of static
electricity can cause damage to some electronic
components. By comparison, it takes as much as 4,000
volts for a person to even feel the zap of a static
discharge.
There are several ways for a person to become statically
charged. The most common methods of charging are by
friction and by induction. An example of charging by
friction is a person sliding across a car seat.
Charging by induction occurs when a person with well
insulated shoes stands near a highly charged object and
momentarily touches ground. Charges of the same
polarity are drained off leaving the person highly charged
with the opposite polarity. Static charges can cause

6E–339 ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
0005
PCM Components
The PCM is designed to maintain exhaust emission levels
to government mandated standards while providing
excellent driveability and fuel efficiency. The PCM
monitors numerous engine and vehicle functions via
electronic sensors such as the throttle position (TP)
sensor, heated oxygen sensor (HO2S), and vehicle
speed sensor (VSS). The PCM also controls certain
engine operations through the following:
Fuel injector control
Ignition control module
Knock sensor
Automatic transmission shift functions
Cruise control
A/C clutch control
PCM Voltage Description
The PCM supplies a buffered voltage to various switches
and sensors. It can do this because resistance in the
PCM is so high in value that a test light may not illuminate
when connected to the circuit. An ordinary shop
voltmeter may not give an accurate reading because the
voltmeter input impedance is too low. Use a 10-megohm
input impedance digital voltmeter (such as J 39200) to
assure accurate voltage readings.
The input/output devices in the PCM include
analog-to-digital converters, signal buffers, counters,
and special drivers. The PCM controls most components
with electronic switches which complete a ground circuit
when turned “ON.” These switches are arranged in
groups of 4 and 7, called either a surface-mounted quad
driver module (QDM), which can independently control up
to 4 output terminals, or QDMs which can independently
control up to 7 outputs. Not all outputs are always used.
PCM Input/Outputs
Inputs – Operating Conditions Read
Air Conditioning “ON” or “OFF”
Engine Coolant Temperature
Crankshaft Position
Exhaust Oxygen Content
Electronic Ignition
Manifold Absolute Pressure
Battery Voltage
Throttle Position
Vehicle Speed
Fuel Pump Voltage
Power Steering Pressure
Intake Air Temperature
Mass Air Flow
Engine Knock
Camshaft Position
Outputs – Systems Controlled
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR)
Ignition Control
Fuel Control
Idle Air Control
Electric Fuel Pump
Air Conditioning
Diagnostics
– Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Service Engine Soon
lamp)
– Data Link Connector (DLC)
– Data Output
Transmission Control Module
Alternator Gain Control
PCM Service Precautions
The PCM is designed to withstand normal current draws
associated with vehicle operation. Avoid overloading any
circuit. When testing for opens and shorts, do not ground
or apply voltage to any of the PCM’s circuits unless
instructed to do so. These circuits should only be tested
Tech-2. The PCM should remain connected to the PCM
or to a recommended breakout box.
Reprogramming The PCM
The Trooper allow reprogramming of the PCM without
removing it from the vehicle . This provides a flexible and
cost-effective method of making changes in software
calibrations.
The service programming system (SPS) will not allow
incorrect software programming or incorrect calibration
changes.
Refer to the UBS 98model year Immobilizer Workshop
Manual.
Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
The throttle position (TP) sensor is a potentiometer
connected to the throttle shaft on the throttle body. The
PCM monitors the voltage on the signal line and
calculates throttle position. As the throttle valve angle is
changed (accelerator pedal moved), the TP sensor signal
also changes. At a closed throttle position, the output of

ENGINE ELECTRICAL 6D – 1
ENGINE ELECTRICAL
CONTENTS
Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–1
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–1
Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–1
On Vehicle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–3
Main Data and Specification . . . . . . . . . . 6D–4
Starting System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–5
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–5
On Vehicle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–7
Starter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–7
Unit Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–8Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–15
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–15
Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–16
Unit Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–17
Main Data and Specification . . . . . . . . . . 6D–22
QOS4 Preheating System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–23
General Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–23
System Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6D–23
Inspection of QOS4 System Operation . . 6D–24
BATTERY
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
DIAGNOSIS
There are six battery fluid caps at the top of the battery.
These are covered by a paper label.
The battery is completely sealed except for the six
small vent holes at the side. These vent holes permit
the escape of small amounts of gas generated by the
battery.
This type of battery has the following advantages over
conventional batteries:1. There is no need to add water during the entire
service life of the battery.
2. The battery protects itself against overcharging.
The battery will refuse to accept an excessive
charge.
(A conventional battery will accept an excessive
charge, resulting in gassing and loss of battery
fluid.)
3. The battery is much less vulnerable to self-
discharge than a conventional type battery.
1. VISUAL INSPECTION (Step 1)
Inspect the battery for obvious physical damage, such
as a cracked or broken case, which would permit
electrolyte loss.
Replace the battery if obvious physical damage is
discovered during inspection.
Check for any other physical damage and correct it as
necessary. If not, proceed to Step 2.
2. HYDROMETER CHECK (Step 2)
There is a built-in hydrometer (Charge test indicator) at
the top of the battery. It is designed to be used during
diagnostic procedures.
Before trying to read the hydrometer, carefully clean the
upper battery surface.
If your work area is poorly lit, additional light may be
necessary to read the hydrometer.
a. BLUE RING OR DOT VISIBLE – Go to Step 4.
b. BLUE RING OR DOT NOT VISIBLE – Go to
Step 3.3. FLUID LEVEL CHECK (Step 3)
The fluid level should be between the upper level line
and lower level line on side of the battery.
a. CORRECT FLUID LEVEL – Charge the battery.
b. BELOW LOWER LEVEL – Replace battery.
4. VOLTAGE CHECK (Step 4)
(1) Put voltmeter test leads to battery terminals.
a. VOLTAGE IS 12.4V OR ABOVE – Go to Step 5.
b. VOLTAGE IS UNDER 12.4V – Go to procedure
(2) below.
(2) Determine fast charge amperage from
specification. (See Main Data and Specifications in
this section.)
Fast charge battery for 30 minutes at amperage
rate no higher than specified value.
Take voltage and amperage readings after charge.
a. VOLTAGE IS ABOVE 16V AT BELOW 1/3 OF
AMPERAGE RATE – Replace battery.

6E–1 4JX1–TC ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
4JX1–TC 3.0L ENGINE
DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
CONTENTS
Specification 6E–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tightening Specifications 6E–7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagrams and Schematics 6E–8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Wiring Diagram (1 of 6) 6E–8. . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Wiring Diagram (2 of 6) 6E–9. . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Wiring Diagram (3 of 6) 6E–10. . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Wiring Diagram (4 of 6) 6E–11. . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Wiring Diagram (5 of 6) 6E–12. . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Wiring Diagram (6 of 6) 6E–13. . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Pinouts 6E–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Pinout Table, 32-Way Connector – J1
RED – Upper 6E–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Pinout Table, 32-Way Connector – J1
RED – Lower 6E–15. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Pinout Table, 32-Way Connector – J2
BLUE – Upper 6E–16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Pinout Table, 32-Way Connector – J2
BLUE – Lower 6E–17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Pinout Table, 5-Way Connector – J3 6E–18
Component Locator 6E–19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sensors and Miscellaneous Component
Locators 6E–21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Abbreviations Charts 6E–23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnosis 6E–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Strategy-Based Diagnostics 6E–24. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Strategy-Based Diagnostics 6E–24. . . . . . . . . . . . .
DTC Stored 6E–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
No DTC 6E–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
No Matching Symptom 6E–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intermittents 6E–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
No Trouble Found 6E–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Verifying Vehicle Repair 6E–24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Service Information 6E–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Serviceability Issues 6E–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Visual/Physical Engine Compartment
Inspection 6E–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Basic Knowledge of Tools Required 6E–25. . . . . .
Serial Data Communications 6E–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Class II Serial Data Communications 6E–25. . . . .
On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) 6E–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Board Diagnostic Tests 6E–25. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Comprehensive Component Monitor
Diagnostic Operation 6E–25. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common OBD Terms 6E–26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Diagnostic Executive 6E–26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DTC Types 6E–26. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Verifying Vehicle Repair 6E–27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Reading Flash Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6E–27.
Reading Diagnostic Trouble Codes Using
a TECH 2 6E–28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tech 2 Scan Tool 6E–29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Getting Started 6E–30. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DTC Modes 6E–32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
DTC Information Mode 6E–32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Injector Test 6E–32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EGR Valve Test 6E–32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rail Pressure Control Valve Test 6E–32. . . . . . . . .
Injector Balance Test 6E–32. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Programming in Case of ECM Change 6E–32
Rail Pressure Sensor Programming 6E–33. . . . . .
Injector Group Sign Programming
(Injector Change) 6E–33. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) System Check 6E–35.
Circuit Description 6E–37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–37. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine Control Module ECM Diagnosis 6E–39. . . .
Multiple ECM Information Sensor DTCS Set 6E–39
Circuit Description 6E–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) Diagnosis 6E–41
Tech 2 Data Definitions and Ranges 6E–41. . . . . . .
Typical Scan Data Values 6E–41. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Test Conditions 6E–41. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4JX1-TC Engine (Automatic and Manual
Transmission) 6E–42. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
No Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) 6E–44. . . . . . .
Circuit Description 6E–44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–44. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) “ON”
Steady 6E–47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit description 6E–47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–47. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine Cranks But Will Not Run 6E–49. . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Description 6E–49. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–49. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System
Check 6E–52. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Description 6E–52. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6E–54. . . . . . . . . . .
ECM Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6E–54. . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P0107
(Flash DTC 34)
MAP Sensor Circuit Low Voltage 6E–56. . . . . . . . . .

6E–5 4JX1–TC ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–159. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–159. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P1562
(Flash DTC 35) System Voltage Too Low
at Cranking 6E–160. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Description 6E–160. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets 6E–160. . . . . . .
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–160. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–160. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P1587
(Flash DTC 25) Brake SW Malfunction 6E–161. . . .
Circuit Description 6E–161. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets 6E–161. . . . . . .
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–161. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–161. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P1588
(Flash DTC 25) Brake SW Malfunction 6E–163. . . .
Circuit Description 6E–163. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets 6E–163. . . . . . .
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–163. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–163. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P0601
(Flash DTC 55) ECM Checksum Error 6E–165. . . . .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets 6E–165. . . . . . .
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–165. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–165. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P0650
(Flash DTC 77) Check Engine Lam Circuit
Open/Short 6E–166. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Description 6E–166. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets 6E–166. . . . . . .
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–166. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–166. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P0654
(Flash DTC 27) Tachometer Circuit
Open/Short 6E–168. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Description 6E–168. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets 6E–168. . . . . . .
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–168. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–168. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P1655
(Flash DTC 17) Thermo Relay Circuit
Open/Short 6E–170. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Description 6E–170. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets 6E–170. . . . . . .
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–170. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–170. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P1657
(Flash DTC 76) ECM Main Relay Circuit
Open/Short 6E–172. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Description 6E–172. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets 6E–172. . . . . . .
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–172. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–172. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) P1589
(Flash DTC 47) Transmission SW Circuit
Open/Short 6E–174. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Circuit Description 6E–174. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Action Taken When the DTC Sets 6E–174. . . . . . .
Conditions for Clearing the MIL/DTC 6E–174. . . . .
Diagnostic Aids 6E–174. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Symptom Diagnosis 6E–176. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Default Matrix Table 6E–199. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
On–Vehicle Service Camshaft Position
(CMP) Sensor 6E–201. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–201. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspection Procedure 6E–201. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–201. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor 6E–202. . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–202. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–202. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor 6E–203.
Removal Procedure 6E–203. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–203. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor 6E–203. . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–203. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–204. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor 6E–204.
Removal Procedure 6E–204. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–205. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil Temperature (OT) Sensor 6E–205. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–205. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–206. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) 6E–206. . . . . . . . . .
Removal and Installation Procedure 6E–206. . . . . .
Engine Control Module (ECM) 6E–206. . . . . . . . . . . .
Service Precaution 6E–206. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Damage 6E–206. . .
Removal Procedure 6E–207. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–208. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EEPROM 6E–208. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General Description 6E–208. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Functional Check 6E–208. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Intake Throttle Position (ITP) Sensor 6E–208. . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–208. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Function Check 6E–209. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–209. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) 6E–210. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–210. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Inspection Procedure 6E–210. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–210. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Air Cleaner/Air Filter 6E–211. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–211. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–211. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accel Position (AP) Sensor 6E–211. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Removal Procedure 6E–211. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation Procedure 6E–212. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Accelerator Pedal Replacement 6E–212. . . . . . . . . . .

6E–41 4JX1–TC ENGINE DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS
EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation)
Diagnosis
A diagnosis of the EGR system is covered by DTC
P1403.
EGR VSV circuit diagnosis is covered by DTC P1404.
EGR pressure sensor diagnosis is covered by DTC
P405 and/or P406.
EGR EVRV circuit diagnosis is covered by DTC
P1405. Refer to the DTC charts.
Tech 2 Data Definitions and Ranges
A/C CLUTCH–Tech 2 Displays ON or OFF–
Indicates whether the A/C has commanded the A/C
clutch ON.
MAP kPa — Tech 2 Range 10-105 kPa/0.00-5.00
Vo l t s —
The manifold absolute pressure reading is determined
from the MAP sensor signal monitored during key up and
wide open throttle (WOT) conditions. The manifold
absolute pressure is used to compensate for altitude
differences and is normally displayed around “61-104”
depending on altitude and manifold absolute pressure.
CMP ACT. COUNTER –Cam Position
DESIRED IDLE — Tech 2 Range 0-3187 RPM —
The idle speed that the ECM is commanding. The ECM
will compensate for various engine loads based on engine
coolant temperature, to keep the engine at the desired
speed.
ECT — (Engine Coolant Temperature) Tech 2
Range –40
C to 151C (–40F to 304F) —
The engine coolant temperature (ECT) is mounted in the
coolant stream and sends engine temperature
information to the ECM. The ECM applies 5 volts to the
ECT sensor circuit. The sensor is a thermistor which
changes internal resistance as temperature changes.
When the sensor is cold (high resistance), the ECM
monitors a high signal voltage and interprets that as a cold
engine. As the sensor warms (decreasing resistance),
the voltage signal will decrease and the ECM will interpret
the lower voltage as a warm engine.
ENGINE RUN TIME — Tech 2 Range
00:00:00-99:99:99 Hrs:Min:Sec —
Indicates the time elapsed since the engine was started.
If the engine is stopped, engine run time will be reset to
00:00:00.
ENGINE SPEED — Range 0-9999 RPM —
Engine speed is computed by the ECM from the 57X
reference input. It should remain close to desired idle
under various engine loads with engine idling.Air Intake Valve meter POSITION — Tech 2 Range
0-100 % —
IAT (INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE)— Tech 2 Range
–40
C to 151C (–40F to 304F) —
The ECM converts the resistance of the intake air
temperature sensor to degrees. Intake air temperature
(IAT) is used by the ECM to adjust fuel delivery and spark
timing according to incoming air density.
MAP — Tech 2 Range 10-105 kPa (0.00-4.97 Volts)—
The manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor measures
the change in the boost pressure.
MIL — Tech 2 Displays ON or OFF —
Indicates the ECM commanded state of the malfunction
indicator lamp.
AP — Tech 2 Range 0%-100% —
AP (Accelerator position) angle is computed by the ECM
from the AP sensor voltage. AP angle should display
“0%” at idle and “100%” at wide open throttle.
AP SENSOR — Tech 2 Range 0.00-5.00 Volts —
The voltage being monitored by the ECM on the AP
sensor signal circuit.
VEHICLE SPEED—Tech 2 Range 0-255 km/h (0-155
mph)–
The vehicle speed sensor signal is converted into km/h
and mph for display.
Typical Scan Data Values
Use the Typical Scan Data Values Table only after the
On-Board Diagnostic System Check has been
completed, no DTC(s) were noted, and you have
determined that the on-board diagnostics are functioning
properly. Tech 2 values from a properly-running engine
may be used for comparison with the engine you are
diagnosing. The typical scan data values represent
values that would be seen on a normally-running engine.
NOTE: A Tech 2 that displays faulty data should not be
used, and the problem should be reported to the Tech 2
manufacturer. Use of a faulty Tech 2 can result in
misdiagnosis and unnecessary replacement of parts.
Only the parameters listed below are referred to in this
service manual for use in diagnosis. For further
information on using the Tech 2 to diagnose the ECM and
related sensors, refer to the applicable reference section
listed below. If all values are within the typical range
described below, refer to the
Symptoms section for
diagnosis.
Test Conditions
Engine running, lower radiator hose hot, transmission in
park or neutral, accessaries off, brake not applied and air
conditioning off.