1997 SSANGYONG KORANDO 4WD

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Page 3 of 2053

SSANGYONG KORANDO 1997 Service Repair Manual GENERAL INFORMATION 0B -- 3
D AEW OO M Y_2000
Clutch - Manual Type
Application661LA662NA662LA2.0L
DOHC2.3L
DOCH3.2L
DOCH
Ty p eSingle Dry Diaphram
Outside Diameter (mm)225225240225225240
Inside Diamet

Page 1095 of 2053

SSANGYONG KORANDO 1997 Service Repair Manual SECTION 5A
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
CAUTION: Disconnect the negative battery cable before removing or installing any electrical unit or when a
tool or equipment could easily come in contact with exposed

SECTION 5A
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
CAUTION: Disconnect the negative battery cable before removing or installing any electrical unit or when a
tool or equipment could easily come in contact with exposed electrical terminals. Disconnecting this cable
will help prevent personal injury and damage to the vehicle. The ignition must also be in LOCK unless
otherwise noted.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Description and Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-2
BTRA M74 4WD Automatic Transmission . . . . . . 5A-2
Operators Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-2
Control Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-3
Electronic Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-3
Hydraulic Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-9
Hydraulic Control Circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-10
Power Train System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-14
Power Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-18
Park and Neutral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-20
Reverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-22
Manual 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-24
Drive 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-26
Drive 2 and Manual 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-28
Drive 3 and Manual 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-30
Drive 3 Lock Up and Manual 3 Lock Up . . . . . . 5A-32
Drive 4 (Overdrive) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-34
Drive 4 Lock Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-36
Diagnostic Information and Procedures . . . . . 5A-38
Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-38
Basic Knowledge Required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-38
Functional Check Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-38
Transmission Fluid Level Service Procedure . . . 5A-38
Fluid Leak Diagnosis and Repair . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-39
Electrical / Garage Shift Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-40
Road Test Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-40
Electronic Adjustments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-40
Symptom Diagnosis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-41
Drive Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-41
Faulty Shift Pattern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-42Shift Quality Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-44
After Teardown Faults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-46
Trouble Code Diagnosis - Gasoline Vehicle . . 5A-48
TCM Diagnostic System Overview . . . . . . . . . . 5A-48
Clearing Trouble Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-48
Diagnostic Trouble Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-48
Trouble Code Diagnosis - Diesel Vehicle . . . . . 5A-50
TCM Diagnostic System Overview . . . . . . . . . . 5A-50
Clearing Trouble Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-50
Diagnostic Trouble Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-50
Repair Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-157
On-Vehicle Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-157
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-157
Unit Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-160
Rebuild Warnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-160
Disassembly Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-161
Assembly Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-171
Front and Rear Band Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-199
Gear Shift Control Lever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-202
Kickdown Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-202
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-203
General Specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-203
Fastener Tightening Specifications . . . . . . . . . . 5A-205
Schematic and Routing Diagrams . . . . . . . . . . 5A-206
TCM Wiring Diagrams (Gasoline Engine) . . . . . 5A-206
TCM Wiring Diagrams (Diesel Engine) . . . . . . . 5A-208
Connector End View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-210
Special Tools and Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-211
Special Tools Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5A-211

Page 1096 of 2053

SSANGYONG KORANDO 1997 Service Repair Manual 5A-2 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
SSANGYONG MY2002
OPERATORS INTERFACES
There are three operator interfaces as the following;
•Gear Shift Control Lever
Driving Mode Selector
Indicator Light
Gear Shift

5A-2 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
SSANGYONG MY2002
OPERATORS INTERFACES
There are three operator interfaces as the following;
•Gear Shift Control Lever
Driving Mode Selector
Indicator Light
Gear Shift Control lever
The transmission uses a conventional shift control lever.
The gear shift control lever can be moved from one
position to another within the staggered configuration
of the shift control lever gate to positively indicate the
gear selection.
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
BTRA M74 4WD AUTOMATIC
TRANSMISSION
The BTR Automotive Model 74 Four Speed Automatic
Transmission is an electronically controlled overdrive
four speed unit with a lock-up torque converter. The
lock-up torque converter results in lower engine speeds
at cruise and eliminates unnecessary slippage. These
features benefit the customer through improved fuel
economy and noise reduction.Of primary significance is the Transmission Control Mo-
dule (TCM) which is a microprocessor based control
system.
The TCM utilizes throttle position, rate of throttle open-
ing, engine speed, vehicle speed, transmission fluid
temperature, gear selector position and mode selector
inputs, and in some applications a Kickdown Switch
to control all shift feel and shift schedule aspects.
The TCM drives a single proportional solenoid multi-
plexed to three regulator valves to control all shift feel
aspects. The output pressure of this solenoid is con-
trolled as a function of transmission fluid temperature
to maintain consistent shift feel throughout the
operating range.
Shift scheduling is highly flexible, and several indepen-
dent schedules are programmed depending on the ve-
hicle.
Typically the NORMAL schedule is used to maximize
fuel economy and driveability, and a POWER schedule
is used to maximize performance. WINTER schedule
is used to facilitate starting in second gear. Configuration Max.
Power
(kW)
320 160260 mm Torque
Converter-Wide
Ratio Gear Set
Splined Output for Transfer
Case
P - Park position prevents the vehicle from rolling
either forward or backward by locking the
transmission output shaft. The inhibitor switch
allows the engine to be started. For safety reasons,
the parking should be used in addition to the park
position. Do not select the Park position until the
vehicle comes to a complete stop because it
mechanically locks the output shaft.
R - Reverse allows the vehicle to be operated in a
rearward direction. The inhibitor switch enables re-
verse lamp operation.
KAA5A010

Page 1097 of 2053

SSANGYONG KORANDO 1997 Service Repair Manual AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 5A-3
SSANGYONG MY2002
N - Neutral allows the engine to be started and oper-
ated while driving the vehicle. The inhibitor switch
allows the engine to be started. There is no

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 5A-3
SSANGYONG MY2002
N - Neutral allows the engine to be started and oper-
ated while driving the vehicle. The inhibitor switch
allows the engine to be started. There is no power
transferred through the transmission in Neutral. But
the final drive is not locked by the parking pawl, so
thewheels are free to rotate.
D - Overdrive range is used for all normal driving
conditions. 4th gear (overdrive gear) reduces the
fuel consumption and the engine noise. Engine
braking is applied with reduced throttle.
First to second (1 → 2), first to third (1 → 3), second
to third (2 → 3), second to fourth (2 → 4), third to
fourth (3 → 4), fourth to third (4 → 3), fourth to
second (4 → 2), third to second (3 → 2), third to
first (3 → 1) and second to first (2 → 1) shifts are
all available as a function of vehicle speed, throttle
position and the time change rate of the throttle
position.
Downshifts are available for safe passing by
depress-ing the accelerator. Lockup clutch may be
enabled in 3rd and 4th gears depending on vehicle
type.
3 - Manual 3 provides three gear ratios (first through
third) and prevents the transmission from operating
in 4th gear. 3rd gear is used when driving on long
hill roads or in heavy city traffic. Downshifts are
available by depressing the accelerator.
2 - Manual 2 provides two gear ratios (first and
second). It is used to provide more power when
climbing hills or engine braking when driving down
a steep hill or starting off on slippery roads.
1 - Manual 1 is used to provide the maximum engine
braking when driving down the severe gradients.When NORMAL mode is selected upshifts will occur
to maximize fuel economy. When POWER mode is se-
lected, upshifts will occur to give maximum
performance and the POWER mode indicator light is
switched ON.
When WINTER mode is selected, starting in second
gear is facilitated, the WINTER mode indicator light is
switched ON and the POWER mode indicator light is
switched OFF.
Indicator Light
The indicator light is located on the instrument panel.
Auto shift indicator light comes ON when the ignition
switch ON and shows the gear shift control lever
position.
POWER mode indicator light comes ON when the
POWER mode is selected and when the kickdown
switch is depressed.
WINTER mode indicator light comes ON when the
WINTER mode is selected.
CONTROL SYSTEMS
BTRA M74 4WD automatic transmission consists of
two control systems. One is the electronic control
system that monitors vehicle parameters and adjusts
the transmission performance. Another is the hydraulic
control system that implements the commands of the
electronic control system commands.
ELECTRONIC CONTROL SYSTEM
The electronic control system comprises of sensors, a
TCM and seven solenoids. The TCM reads the inputs
and activates the outputs according to values stored
in Read Only Memory (ROM).
The TCM controls the hydraulic control system. This
control is via the hydraulic valve body, which contains
seven electromagnetic solenoids. Six of the seven
solenoids are used to control the line pressure, operate
the shift valves and the torque converter lock-up clutch,
and to turn ON and OFF the two regulator valves that
control the shift feel.
The seventh solenoid is the proportional or Variable
Pressure Solenoid (VPS) which works with the two regu-
lator valves to control shift feel.
Transmission Control Module (TCM)
The TCM is an in-vehicle micro-processor based trans-
mission management system. It is mounted under the
driver’s side front seat in the vehicle cabin.
The TCM contains:
Processing logic circuits which include a central mi-
croprocessor controller and a back-up memory
system.
Input circuits.
Driving Mode Selector
The driving mode selector consists of a driving mode
selector switch and indicator light. The driving mode
selector is located on the center console and allows
the driver to select the driving mode.
The driving modes available to be selected vary with
vehicle types. Typically the driver should have the
option to select among NORMAL, POWER and
WINTER modes.
KAA5A020

Page 1115 of 2053

SSANGYONG KORANDO 1997 Service Repair Manual AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION 5A-21
SSANGYONG MY2002
Power Flow - Park and Neutral
In Park and Neutral, there is no drive to the planetary
gear set. The rear band is applied to eliminate ‘clunk’
on eng

Page 1134 of 2053

SSANGYONG KORANDO 1997 Service Repair Manual 5A-40 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
SSANGYONG MY2002
Dye and Black Light Method
1. Add dye to the transmission through the transmission
fluid filler plug. Follow the manufacturer’s recommen-
dation for t

5A-40 AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
SSANGYONG MY2002
Dye and Black Light Method
1. Add dye to the transmission through the transmission
fluid filler plug. Follow the manufacturer’s recommen-
dation for the amount of dye to be used.
2. Use the black light to find the fluid leak.
3. Make the necessary repairs.
Repairing the Fluid Leak
Once the leak point is found the source of the leak
must be determined. The following list describes the
potential causes for the leak:
Fasteners are not torqued to specification.
Fastener threads and fastener holes are dirty or
corroded.
Gaskets, seals or sleeves are misaligned, damaged
or worn.
Damaged, warped or scratched seal bore or gasket
surface.
Loose or worn bearing causing excess seal or sleeve
wear.
Case or component porosity.
Fluid level is too high.
Plugged vent or damaged vent tube.
Water or coolant in fluid.
Fluid drain back holes plugged.
ELECTRICAL / GARAGE SHIFT
TEST
This preliminary test should be performed before a hoist
or road test to make sure electronic control inputs are
connected and operating. If the inputs are not checked
before operating the transmission, a simple electrical
condition could be misdiagnosed as a major
transmission condition.
A scan tool provides valuable information and must
be used on the automatic transmission for accurate
diagnosis.
1. Move gear shift control lever to P (Park) and set
the parking brake.
2. Connect scan tool to Data Link Connector (DLC)
terminal.
3. Start engine.
4. Turn the scan tool ON.
5. Verify that the appropriate signals are present.
These signals may include:
ENGINE SPEED
VEHICLE SPEED
THROTTLE POSITION
ACCEL. PEDAL POSITION
TRANSMISSION GEAR STATE
GEAR SHIFT LEVER POSITION
TRANSMISSION FLUID TEMPERATURE
CLOSED THROTTLE POSITION LEARN
OPEN THROTTLE POSITION LEARNT
CLOSED ACCEL. PEDAL POSITION LEARNT
OPEN ACCEL. PEDAL POSITION LEARNT
A/C COMPRESSOR STATUS
KICKDOWN SWITCH STATUS
4WD STATUS
MODE SWITCH
THROTTLE POSITION VOLTAGE
GEAR SHIFT LEVER POSITION VOLTAGE
TRANS. FLUID TEMPERATURE VOLTAGE
A/C SWITCH
KICKDOWN SWITCH VOLTAGE
4WD LAMP LOW VOLTAGE
4WD LAMP HIGH VOLTAGE
MODE SWITCH VOLTAGE
BATTERY VOLTAGE
6. Monitor the A/C COMPRESSOR STATUS signal
while pushing the A/C switch.
The A/C COMPRESSOR STATUS should come
ON when the A/C switch is pressed, and turn
OFF when the A/C switch is repushed.
7. Monitor the GEAR SHIFT LEVER POSITION signal
and move the gear shift control lever through all
the ranges.
Verify that the GEAR SHIFT LEVER POSITION
value matches the gear range indicated on the
instrument panel or console.
Gear selections should be immediate and not
harsh.
8. Move gear shift control lever to neutral and monitor
the THROTTLE POSITION signal while increasing
and decreasing engine speed with the accelerator
pedal.
THROTTLE POSITION should increase with en-
gine speed.
ROAD TEST PROCEDURE
Perform the road test using a scan tool.
This test should be performed when traffic and road
conditions permit.
Observe all traffic regulations.
ELECTRONIC ADJUSTMENTS
Idle Speed Adjustments
Carry out the adjustments to the idle speed as detailed
in the workshop manual.
Vehicle Coding
The vehicle coding is integrated as part of the
diagnostic software. A scan tool has the function to
code the ve-hicle through the K-line.

Page 1135 of 2053

Page 1331 of 2053

SSANGYONG KORANDO 1997 Service Repair Manual MANUAL TRANSMISSION 5B-23
SSANGYONG MY2002
4. Install the front and rear propeller shafts to the
transmission.
Installation Notice
5. Connect the cable, the harness and the bleeder.
6. Install the b

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