1996 TOYOTA RAV4 Engine

131
5. CENTER DIFFERENTIAL CLUTCH CONTROL (4WD)
THE CENTER DIFFERENTIAL CLUTCH CONTROL USES A LINEAR SOLENOID TYPE VALVE (SOLENOID VALVE SLD) TO CONTROL THE
CENTER DIFFERENTIAL CLUTCH. BY CONTROLLING THE FLUID PRESSURE, THE LIMITED SLIP DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT OF THE
CENTER DIFFERENTIAL CAN ALWAYS BE MAINTAINED AT THE OPTIMUM FOR THE CURRENT DRIVING CONDITIONS TO INCREASE
ROAD-HOLDING ABILITY.
SOLENOID VALVE SLD OPENS AND CLOSES IN RESPONSE TO SIGNALS FROM THE ENGINE CONTROL MODULE. THUS THE
SOLENOID MODULATOR VALVE MAINTAINS A CONSTANT FLUID PRESSURE FOR OPERATION OF THE CENTER DIFFERENTIAL
CLUTCH CONTROL VALVE AND CENTER DIFFERENTIAL CLUTCH.
*NORMAL DRIVING
SOLENOID VALVE SLD OPENS AND CLOSES IN RESPONSE TO THE THROTTLE OPENING ANGLE TO CONTROL THE FLUID
PRESSURE OPERATING ON THE CENTER DIFFERENTIAL CLUTCH. WHEN THE VEHICLE TAKES OFF IN FIRST GEAR WITH A
LARGE THROTTLE OPENING ANGLE, THE FLUID PRESSURE IS KEPT HIGH. SO EVEN IF THE VEHICLE TAKES OFF SUDDENLY OR
THE ROAD SURFACE IS SLIPPERY, SMOOTH, RELIABLE ACCELERATION IS POSSIBLE.
*SLIPPING
WHEN A LARGE DIFFERENCE OCCURS BETWEEN THE FRONT WHEEL SPEED AND REAR WHEEL SPEED AT LOW SPEEDS,
SOLENOID VALVE SLD IS FULLY CLOSED TO APPLY HIGH FLUID PRESSURE TO THE CENTER DIFFERENTIAL CLUTCH AND
PROVIDE A LARGE LIMITED SLIP DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT.
*WIDE CORNERING
WHEN DIFFERENCES ARISE BETWEEN THE FRONT WHEEL SPEED AND REAR WHEEL SPEED DUE TO DIFFERENCES IN THE
TURNING RADIUS DURING CORNERING AT LOW SPEEDS, SOLENOID VALVE SLD IS FULLY OPEN TO APPLY A WEAK LIMITED SLIP
DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT AND PERMIT SMOOTH CORNERING.
6. ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED TRANSMISSION PATTERN SELECT SW
IF THE ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED TRANSMISSION PATTERN SELECT SW IS CHANGED FROM NORMAL TO POWER, THE
CURRENT THROUGH THE POWER INDICATOR FLOWS TO GROUND, CURRENT FLOWS TO TERMINAL P OF THE ENGINE CONTROL
MODULE, THE ENGINE CONTROL MODULE OPERATES, AND SHIFT UP AND SHIFT DOWN OCCURS AT HIGHER VEHICLE SPEEDS
THAN WHEN THE SW IS IN NORMAL POSITION.

132
ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED TRANSMISSION
EA1 7IG 1 11
21215A
EFI
2 PAGE 54)
25 1366
66IB 2 20
P
N
EA12
EAC 22 C1C4
C 11 C12 STA +B NSW BATT B/K
ENGINE CONTROL MODULEB E 4 , E 5AC, E 6 17 16
B-R B-R
B-R B-R B-R
R-W B-W
B-W
R-WR-WB-O
PARK/NEUTRAL
POSITION SW
EFI
MAIN
REL AY
R- W
G-W
FROM STOP LIGHT SW
BATTERYI 4 B 5(
4WD) A 2(
2WD)
A 3(
2W D)
B 6(
4W D) IG 1 10
B P 1 , A
TO ST RELAYE 1
AM 1ACC
IG 1
11
B-W B-W
IG NITION SW I1 0
B-O
A AA
B-W
B-W JU NC TIO N
CONNECTOR J 5
7
8 AM 2 IG2
ST2
IG 1 9 20A
AM 2
2 20
A
J 1
JU NC TIO N
CONNECTOR
A
B-R
B-R B-RW
B W-B
BLE
BLOCK
W-B
2I 5IG 1 12C C
JUNCTION
CONNECT J 5
B B
B
B
EA1 9
B
1H13
1D3
1E 1
1J 2
OR
80A M A IN
FUSI
LIN K F 7
FROM POW ER SOURCE SYSTEM (
SEE
7. 5A IGN
[FUSE BLO CK] 10
F 8

133
I 4 I 4 B 2PIM
B 1VC
B 11VTA
B 3TH A
B 4THW
B 7PTN K
B 9E2
Y
BR BR BR
LG-R
YY
L-R
Y-B
W
BR BR
BR
BR
BR SENSOR
OR
ENGINE CONTROL M ODULEB E 4 , E 5AC, E 6
B 15
L-W
A 2
A 15 A1C13 C3C2A8A7B14 B13
TE1S1
S2 SL ST SLD+ SLD- FR+ FR- RR+ RR-
P-B
P
Y-B
LG
L- B
BR-B
Y-R
W-R
L- Y
R-L
I 5 I 5 I 5 TO CRUISE
CONTROL ECUIG 2 14 IG 2 13
IG 2 12 A 3
B 3A 1A2(
2W D)
B 1(
4W D)
B 5 B 6
(
4W D)
(
4W D)(
4WD)
(
4WD)
(
4W D)
(
4W D)
(
4W D)
(
4W D)L-B
BR - B LG
B E 1 , A
ELECTRO NICALLY
CONTROLLED
TRANSM ISSION SOLENOID
(
4W D)(
4W D)
I 5 P
PFROM CRUISE CONTROL ECU
1 31212 SOLENOID VALVE
SLD S 1
VEHICLE SPEED
SENSOR (
FRO N T) V 3
VEHICLE SPEED
SENSOR (
REAR) V 4
1 2
1 2
11 1 3 2432
32
E2
L Y
BR
BR
Y
L- Y
VCC PTNK
L-R
L Y M 1
MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE
PRESSURE SENSOR
THRO TTLE
POSITION T 1
INTAKE AIR TEMP. SENS I 9
ENGINE COOLANT
TEM P
. SE
NSOR E 2
VAPOR PRESSURE
SENSOR V 1 8
B-RDATA LINK
CONNECTOR 1 D 1
12I 5
IG 1 5
E2 VC PIM
+B TE1

134
ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED TRANSMISSION
GAUGE
SE BLOCK] FROM POW ER SOURCE SYSTEM (
SEE PAGE 54)
IG 1 2 IG 2 9 IG 2 10
EC IGA 8
A 5A4A2 A 10 A11 B2
ECT PW RO/D OFF
4
R-G
LG
R-L
R- B LG-LG BR BR BR
R-L R-LR-L
R-LR-L-L
-L
LG
R-G LG
R-G
-W
V-WR- Y
L- B R- Y
L-B
W-B LG W-B
CO MBINATION M ETERB C 9 , C10A
EL ECTRONICALLY
CONTROLLED TRANSM ISSION
PATTERN SELECT SW E 3
(
COM BINATION METER) SPEED
JUNC
CONN J 32
CTION
NECTORB , J1 1 A
W-B JUNCTION CONNECTORB J10 , J11A
B BBBA C A C
I 5
1E 81B8
R
R
10A
[FU 3
F 8
POW ER NORMAL
3
BB B
B
TION
ECTORB
B JUN CTIO N
CONNECTOR J 5
C 7
OD2C 15
PC 9
SPD
C 8R
C 182
C 19L
A 14E1
A 26E02
A 13E01321
R
V
W-B
ENGINE CONTRO L M ODULEB E 4 , E 5AC, E 6
VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR V 2
IG 2 15 IG 216 IG17
4 2
A A
R-B LG - RLG BR BR BR
R-L
W-B
JUN CTION
CONNECTOR J 2O/D MAIN SW O 4
B A B 8(
4WD) A 5(
2WD)
B 3A 9
B 4A 4
A AAA A 6(
2WD)
B 2(
4WD)JU N
CON J10W-B
B P 1 , A
PARK/NEUTRAL
POSITION
SW

135
E 4 (A), E 5 (B), E 6 (C) ENGINE CONTROL MODULE
BATT -E1 :9.0-14.0 VOLTS (ALWAYS)
+B -E1 :9.0-14.0 VOLTS (IGNITION SW ON)
VTA -E2 :3.2-4.9 VOLTS (IGNITION SW ON AND THROTTLE VALVE OPEN)
PIM -E2 :3.3-3.9 VOLTS (IGNITION SW AT ON POSITION)
VC -E2 :4.5-5.5 VOLTS (IGNITION SW ON)
SPD -E2 :4.5-5.5 VOLTS (IGNITION SW AT ON POSITION)
THW -E2 :0.2-1.0 VOLTS (IGNITION SW ON AND COOLANT TEMP. 80
C (176
F))
B/K -E1 :9.0-14.0 VOLTS (BRAKE PEDAL DEPRESS)
S1, S2 -E1 :9.0-14.0 VOLTS WITH THE IGNITION SW ON (ENGINE RUNNING)
OD2 -E1 :0-3.0 VOLTS WITH THE O/D MAIN SW TURNED ON
:9.0-14.0 VOLTS WITH THE O/D MAIN SW TURNED OFF
2-E1 :7.5-14.0 VOLTS WITH THE SHIFT LEVER AT 2 POSITION
:0-1.5 VOLTS WITH THE SHIFT LEVER AT EXCEPT 2 POSITION
L-E1 :7.5-14.0 VOLTS WITH THE SHIFT LEVER AT L POSITION
:0.1.5 VOLTS WITH THE SHIFT LEVER AT EXCEPT L POSITION
: PARTS LOCATION
CODESEE PAGECODESEE PAGECODESEE PAGE
C 9A30F 728M 129
C10B30F 831O 431
D 128I 929P1A29
E1A28I1031P 1B29E 1B28J 131S 129
E 228J 231T 129
E 331J 331V 129
E 4A31J 531V 229
E 5B31J10A31V 329
E 6C31J11B31V 429
: RELAY BLOCKS
CODESEE PAGERELAY BLOCKS (RELAY BLOCK LOCATION)
223R/B NO. 2 (ENGINE COMPARTMENT LEFT)
625R/B NO. 6 (ENGINE COMPARTMENT LEFT)
: JUNCTION BLOCK AND WIRE HARNESS CONNECTOR
CODESEE PAGEJUNCTION BLOCK AND WIRE HARNESS (CONNECTOR LOCATION)
1B20INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE AND J/B NO 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)1D20INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE AND J/B NO. 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)
1E20FUSE BLOCK ASSY WIRE AND J/B NO. 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)
1H20INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE AND J/B NO 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)1J20INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE AND J/B NO. 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)
: CONNECTOR JOINING WIRE HARNESS AND WIRE HARNESS
CODESEE PAGEJOINING WIRE HARNESS AND WIRE HARNESS (CONNECTOR LOCATION)
EA134ENGINE WIRE AND ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIRE (INSIDE OF R/B NO. 2)
IB236ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIRE AND INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE (RIGHT KICK PANEL)
IG138ENGINE WIRE AND INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE (UNDER THE INSTRUMENT PANEL CENTER)IG238ENGINE WIRE AND INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE (UNDER THE INSTRUMENT PANEL CENTER)
: GROUND POINTS
CODESEE PAGEGROUND POINTS LOCATION
EA34RADIATOR RIGHT
EC34INTAKE MANIFOLD
IG36RIGHT KICK PANEL
: SPLICE POINTS
CODESEE PAGEWIRE HARNESS WITH SPLICE POINTSCODESEE PAGEWIRE HARNESS WITH SPLICE POINTS
E 134ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIREI 538ENGINE WIRE
I 438ENGINE WIRE
SERVICE HINTS

143
: PARTS LOCATION
CODESEE PAGECODESEE PAGECODESEE PAGE
A 6B28A17B30F 831
A 7A28A17D30J 131
A 8A28A2132 (2-DOOR), 33 (4-DOOR)J 531
A 9B28A2232 (2-DOOR), 33 (4-DOOR)J10A31
A1028B 228J11B31
A1128C 9A30P 231
A1530C10B30S 531
A16A30D 128A16C30F 728
: RELAY BLOCKS
CODESEE PAGERELAY BLOCKS (RELAY BLOCK LOCATION)
223R/B NO. 2 (ENGINE COMPARTMENT LEFT)
: JUNCTION BLOCK AND WIRE HARNESS CONNECTOR
CODESEE PAGEJUNCTION BLOCK AND WIRE HARNESS (CONNECTOR LOCATION)
1A20INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE AND J/B NO 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)1B20INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE AND J/B NO. 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)
1E20FUSE BLOCK ASSY WIRE AND J/B NO 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)1F20FUSE BLOCK ASSY WIRE AND J/B NO. 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)
1I20INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE AND J/B NO 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)1J20INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE AND J/B NO. 1 (LOWER FINISH PANEL)
: CONNECTOR JOINING WIRE HARNESS AND WIRE HARNESS
CODESEE PAGEJOINING WIRE HARNESS AND WIRE HARNESS (CONNECTOR LOCATION)
EA134ENGINE WIRE AND ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIRE (INSIDE OF R/B NO. 2)
IB136ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIRE AND INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE (LEFT KICK PANEL)
IB236ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIRE AND INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE (RIGHT KICK PANEL)
IC136FRONT DOOR LH WIRE AND INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE (LEFT KICK PANEL)
IF138ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIRE AND FLOOR WIRE (LEFT KICK PANEL)
IG238ENGINE WIRE AND INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE (UNDER THE INSTRUMENT PANEL CENTER)
: GROUND POINTS
CODESEE PAGEGROUND POINTS LOCATION
EA34RADIATOR RIGHT
EB34RADIATOR LEFT
: SPLICE POINTS
CODESEE PAGEWIRE HARNESS WITH SPLICE POINTSCODESEE PAGEWIRE HARNESS WITH SPLICE POINTS
E 134ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIREI 638INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE
E 234ENGINE WIREB340 (2-DOOR)FLOOR WIREI 338ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIREB 342 (4-DOOR)FLOOR WIRE

145
HORN
FROM POW ER SOURCE SYSTEM (
SEE PAGE 54)
15A
HAZ-HORN
SW
. SW ] 15 14
2
6
W
6 66
G-R
G-R
HO RN
REL AY
G-W
HORN H 3
HORN
[C O M B C12 31 2
IB1 12
1
HORN RELAY
(6) 2 - (6) 3 : CLOSED WITH HORN SW ON
: PARTS LOCATION
CODESEE PAGECODESEE PAGECODESEE PAGE
C1230H 328
: RELAY BLOCKS
CODESEE PAGERELAY BLOCKS (RELAY BLOCK LOCATION)
223R/B NO. 2 (ENGINE COMPARTMENT LEFT)
625R/B NO. 6 (ENGINE COMPARTMENT LEFT)
: CONNECTOR JOINING WIRE HARNESS AND WIRE HARNESS
CODESEE PAGEJOINING WIRE HARNESS AND WIRE HARNESS (CONNECTOR LOCATION)
IB136ENGINE ROOM MAIN WIRE AND INSTRUMENT PANEL WIRE (LEFT KICK PANEL)
XX 61 C12
BLACKH 3
BLACK
SERVICE HINTS

146
CRUISE CONTROL
I 7
I 5
I1 1
I 8 A C
B BBBIG 1 2
IG 2 9IG210IG 1 5
IG 1 12
IGIG R-L
R- R-L
(
M/T)
R-L
R-L
R-L
R-L R-L
(
M/T)
(
A/T) R- L
(
A/T) B-W
(
A/T) BR
G-R
L-B
R-Y
V-W
R-L
(
M/T)
R-L
(
A/T)
R-YL-B BR
VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR
(
COMBINATIO N METER)J1 0
P
(
A/T) V-W
V-W
Y-B
(
A/T)
G- R
W-BV-W
W-BB- W
(
A/T)
B-W
(
M/T)
LL
B-W
(
A/T)CRUISE CONTROL
CLUTCH SW C15
FR O M THR O TTLE P O SITIO N
SENSOR
FROM POW ER SOURCE SYSTEM (
SEE PAGE 54)
E
CK]
JUNCTION
CONNECTORB J10 , J11A
B P 1 , A
PARK/NEUTRAL POSITION SW
IG 1 6
I 5
B 6B9B20 A15
SPD DOD1S2
ENGINE CONTROL MODULEB E 4 , E 6A
P
(
A/T) P
(
A/T) P
(
A/T)
TO ELECTRONICALLY
CONTROLLED TRANSMISSION
SOLENOID
B 2(
4W D) A 6(
2W D)
A 8(
2W D)
B 10(
4W D)
B-W
(
A/T)
43
R
-L
10A GAUG
[FUS E B LO F 8
1
CO M BINA TIO N M ETER C 9
CRUISE
SPEED
12 6 11 10 28
21 2
13 7 9 20CRUISE CONTROL ECU C16
22 DIDL
SPDODECT PI GND
213
V 2
A
A
JU NC TIO N
CONNECTORL
1E 8
1B 8