1995 NISSAN ALMERA N15 brake light

Fluidleakage TROUBLE
DIAGNOSES
Preliminary Check(PriortoRoad Testing)
AIT FLUID CHECK
Fluid leakage check

1. Clean areasuspected ofleaking, -for example, mating
surface ofconverter housingandtransmission case.
2. Start engine, applyfootbrake, placeselector leverin"0"
position andwait afew minutes.
3. Stop engine.
4. Check forfresh leakage.

SAT288G
Fluidcondition check
Fluid levelcheck -Refer toMA section (CHASSIS AND
BODY MAINTENANCE).
Fluid
color
Oark orblack withburned odor
Milky pink
Varnished fluid,lighttodark brown
and tacky Suspected
problem
Wear offrictional material
Water contamination
- Road water entering through
filler tubeorbreather
Oxidation
- Over orunder filling
- Overheating

•

Road Testing

Perform roadtests using "Symptom" chart.Refertopage

AT-20.

"P"
POSITION

1. Place selector leverin"P" position andstart engine. Stop
engine andrepeat theprocedure inall positions, including
neutral position.
2. Stop vehicle onaslight upgrade andplace selector leverin
"P" position. Releaseparkingbraketomake surevehicle
remains locked.

"R"
POSITION

1. Manually moveselector leverfrom"P"to"R", andnote
shift quality.
2. Drive vehicle inreverse longenough todetect slippage or
other abnormalities.

"N"
POSITION

1. Manually moveselector leverfrom"R"and"0"to"N" and
note shift quality.
2. Release parkingbrakewithselector leverin"N" position.
Lightly depress accelerator pedaltomake surevehicle
does notmove. (When vehicle isnew orsoon afterclutches
have been replaced, vehiclemaymove slightly. Thisisnot
a problem.)

AT-17

SAT497GTROUBLE
DIAGNOSES
Road Testing (Cont'd)

"0"
POSITION

1. Manually moveselector leverfrom"N"to"D" position, and
note shiftquality.
2. Using theshift schedule asareference, drivevehicle in"D"
position. Record,onsymptom chart,respective vehicle
speeds atwhich up-shifting anddown-shifting occur.These
speeds aretobe read atthree different throttlepositions
(light, halfandfull), respectively. Alsodetermine thetiming
at which shocks areencountered duringshifting andwhich
clutches areengaged.

SAT612GA
3.Determine whetherlock-upproperly occurswhiledriving
vehicle inproper gearposition andatproper vehicle speed.
4. Check todetermine ifshifting tooverdrive gearcannot be
made whileODcontrol switchis"OFF".
5. Drive vehicle in"D
3"
position athalf tolight throttle posi-
tion. Keep driving at60 to70 km/h (34to43 MPH). FUlly
depress accelerator pedaltomake suretransaxle down-
shifts from3rdto2nd gear.
6. Drive vehicle in"D
2"
position athalf tolight throttle posi-
tion. Keep driving at25 to35 km/h (16to22 MPH). Fully
depress accelerator pedaltomake suretransaxle down-
shifts from2ndto1st gear.

"2"
POSITION

1. Shift to"2" position andmake surevehicle startsin1st
gear.
2. Increase vehiclespeedtomake suretransaxle upshiftsfrom
1st to2nd gear.
3. Further increase vehiclespeed.Makesuretransaxle does
not upshift to3rd gear.
4. Drive vehicle in"2
2"
position athalf tolight throttle position.
Keep driving at25 to35 km/h (16to22 MPH). Fullydepress
accelerator pedaltomake suretransaxle downshifts from
2nd to1st gear.
5. Allow vehicle torun idle while in"2" position tomake sure
that transaxle downshifts to1st gear.
6. Move selector leverto"D" position andallow vehicle to
operate at30 to40 km/h (19to25 MPH). Then,shiftto"2"
position tomake suretransaxle downshifts to2nd gear.

"1"
POSITION

1. Place selector leverin"1" position andaccelerate vehicle.
Make suretransaxle doesnotshift from 1stto2nd gear
although vehiclespeedincreases.
2. Drive vehicle in"1" position. Releaseaccelerator pedalto
make surethatengine compression actsasabrake.
3. Place selector leverin"D" or"2" position andallow vehi-
cle torun at15 to25 km/h (9to 16 MPH). Thenmove selec-
tor lever to"1" position tomake suretransaxle downshifts
to 1st gear.

AT-18

Boltlength
'T'

mm (in)

55 (2.17)
50 (1.97)
65 (2.56)
25 (0.98)
40 (1.57)

Tightening
torque
N'm (kg-m, ft-Ib)

70 -79 (7.1 -8.1,51 -59)
70 -79 (7.1 -8.1, 51-59)
70 -79 (7.1 -8.1,51 -59)
30 -40 (3.1 -4.1, 22-30)
30 -40 (3.1 -4.1, 22-30)

CD

@

@
@

@

Bolt
No.
• Reinstall anypart removed.
• Adjust throttle wireandcontrol cable.Referto"ON-VEHI-
CLE SERVICE", AT-33,35.
•. Check inhibitor switch.Referto"Electrical Components
Inspection", AT-3D.
• Refill transaxle withATFandcheck fluidlevel, AT-17.
• Move selector leverthrough allpositions tobe sure that
transaxle operatescorrectly. Withparking brakeapplied,
idle engine. Moreselector leverthrough "N"to"D", to"2",
to "1" and "R". Aslight shock should befelt through the
hand gripping theselector eachtimethetransaxle is
shifted. •
• Perform roadtest-Refer to"ROAD TESTING", AT-17.
i

REMOVAL
ANDINSTAllATION

Installation (Cont'd)
SR engine models
SAT638A
SAT558DA


AIT
toengine

@
Engine to

AIT
AT-41

SBR435BMASTER
CYLINDER
Assembly (Cont'd)

2. Install stopper cap.
Before installing stoppercap,ensure thatclaws arebent
inward.
3. Push reservoir tankseals intocylinder body.
4. Push reservoir tankintocylinder body.
5. Install valvestopper whilepiston ispushed intocylinder
(Models withABS only).

Installation

CAUTION:
• Refill withnewbrake fluid"DOT 3"or"DOT 4".
• Never reusedrained brakefluid.
• Donot mix different typesofbrake fluids(DOT3,DOT 4).
1. Place master cylinder ontobrake booster andsecure
mounting nutslightly.
2. Torque mounting nuts.
~: 11.7 -14.7 N'm(1.2-1.5 kg-m, 8.7-10.8 ft-Ib)
3. Fillupreservoir tankwith newbrake fluid.
4. Plug allports onmaster cylinder withfingers toprevent air
suction whilereleasing brakepedal.
5. Have driver depress brakepedalslowly several timesuntil
no air comes outofmaster cylinder.
6. Fitbrake linestomaster cylinder.
7. Tighten flarenuts.
~: 15-18 N'm (1.5-1.8 kg-m, 11-13 ft-Ib)
8. Bleed airfrom brake system. Referto"Bleeding
Procedure", BR-6."

BR-14

OKNGBRAKE
BOOSTER
On-vehicle Service
OPERATING CHECK

• Depress brakepedalseveral timeswithengine off.After
exhausting vacuum,makesurethere isno change inpedal
stroke.
• Depress brakepedal, thenstart engine. Ifpedal goesdown
slightly, operation isnormal.

AIRTIGHT CHECK

• Start engine, andstop itafter oneortwo minutes. Depress

SBR002A
brakepedalseveral timesslowly. Booster isairtight ifpedal
stroke isless each time.
• Depress brakepedalwhileengine isrunning, andstop
engine withpedal depressed. Thepedal stroke should not
change afterholding pedaldownfor
30seconds.
SBR365AA Removal
CAUTION:
• Becareful nottosplash brakefluidonpainted areas;itmay
cause paintdamage. Ifbrake fluidissplashed onpainted
areas, washitaway withwater immediately.
• Be careful nottodeform orbend brake pipes, during
removal ofbooster.

SEC.
465.470

BR-15Gasket

~ :N.m (kg-m. ft-Ib)

SBR223BB
•

Approx.125mm (4.92 In) BRAKE
BOOSTER

Inspection

OUTPUT RODLENGTH CHECK

1. Supply brakebooster withvacuum of-66.7 kPa(-667 mbar,
-500 mmHg, -19.69inHg)usingahand vacuum pump.
2. Check output rodlength.
Specified length:
M195, S205orC205
10.275 -10.525 mm(0.4045 -0.4144 in)
Installation
CAUTION: • Becareful nottodeform orbend brake pipesduring instal-
lation ofbooster.
• Replace clevispinifdamaged.
• Refill withnewbrake fluid"DOT 3"or"DOT 4".
• Never reusedrained brakefluid.
• Donol mix different typesofbrake fluids(DOT3,DOT 4).
• Due tothe angle ofinstallation, threadcanbedamaged by
the dash panel.
1. Before fittingbooster, temporarily adjustclevistodimen-
sion shown. (Doesnotapply tovehicles fittedwithABS.)
2. Fitbooster, thensecure mounting nuts(brake pedalbracket
to booster) lightly.
3. Connect brakepedalandbooster inputrodwith clevis pin.
4. Secure mounting nuts.
Specification:
~: 13-16 N'm (1.3-1.6 kg-m, 9-12 ft-Ib)
5. Install master cylinder. RefertoBR-12.
6. Bleed air.Refer to"Bleeding Procedure", BR-6.

BR-16

ANTI-LOCKBRAKESYSTEM
Purpose

The Anti-Lock BrakeSystem (ABS)consists ofelectronic andhydraulic components. Itallows forcon-
trol ofbraking forcesothat locking ofthe wheels canbeavoided.
The ABS:
1) Improves propertracking performance throughsteering wheeloperation.
2) Eases obstacles tobe avoided throughsteering wheeloperation.
3) Improves vehiclestability bypreventing flatspins.

Operation

• When thevehicle speedisless than 10km/h (6MPH) thissystem doesnotwork.
• The Anti-Lock BrakeSystem (ABS)hasself-test capabilities. Thesystem turnsonthe ABS warning
light for1second afterturning theignition switchON.The system performs anothertestthefirst time
the vehicle reaches 6km/h (4MPH). Amechanical noisemaybeheard asthe ABS performs aself-
test. This isanormal partofthe self-test feature.Ifa malfunction isfound during thischeck, theABS
warning lightwillcome on.
• During ABSoperation, amechanical noisemaybeheard. Thisisanormal condition.

ABS Hydraulic Circuit

G)
Inletsolenoid valve

@
Outlet solenoid valve

@
Reservoir

@)
Pump
)(

@

@
Motor

@
Inletvalve

(J)
Outlet valve
@ Bypass checkvalve

BR-38 @

Check valve

@)
Damper

@
Gradient switch
SBR918C

ANTI-LOCKBRAKESYSTEM
System Components

Dual proportioning
valve
Rearwheel sensors
For LHD models, controlunit
is located onthe opposite side.

SBR048DB

Control unit

s::';o~'~W.
r Magnetic flux~ _~-Coil

I .I

Tooth~ Sensorrotor
/ ~m~f onetooth

v:~-- System
Description
SENSOR

The sensor unitconsists ofagear-shaped sensorrotoranda
sensor element. Theelement contains abar magnet around
which acoil iswound. Thesensor isinstalled onthe back side
of the brake rotor.Sine-wave currentisgenerated bythe sen-
sor asthe wheel rotates. Thefrequency andvoltage increase(s) •
as the rotating speedincreases. :•

V: Induced electromotive force

SBR124B
SBR049DA CONTROL
UNIT

The control unitcomputes thewheel rotating speedbythe sig-
nal current sentfrom thesensor. Thenitsupplies aDC current
to the actuator solenoid valve.Italso controls ON-OFFopera-
tion ofthe valve relayandmotor relay.Ifany electrical malfunc-
tion should bedetected inthe system, thecontrol unitcauses
the warning lamptolight up.Inthis condition, theASS willbe
deactivated bythe control unit,andthevehicle's brakesystem
reverts tonormal operation.

BR-39