2005 NISSAN X-TRAIL Power Steering System

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
BRC-83
[ESP/TCS/ABS]
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BRC

(note) “ACTUATOR RLY” on the CONSULT-II self-diagnosis results indicates the malfunction of the actuator motor relay and circuit.
DATA MONITOR
For details of the data monitor function, refer to CONSULT-II Instruction Manual.
USV LINE [FL-RR]ESP switch-over solenoid valve 1 on the primary side is open cir-
cuit or shorted, or the control line is open or shorted to the power
supply or the ground.
ESP switch-over sole-
noid valve and circuit.
Refer to BRC-98
. USV LINE [FR-RL]ESP switch-over solenoid valve 1 on the secondary side is open
circuit or shorted, or the control line is open or shorted to the
power supply or the ground.
HSV LINE [FL-RR]ESP switch-over solenoid valve 2 on the primary side is open cir-
cuit or shorted, or the control line is open or shorted to the power
supply or the ground.
HSV LINE [FR-RL]ESP switch-over solenoid valve 2 on the secondary side is open
circuit or shorted, or the control line is open or shorted to the
power supply or the ground.
PUMP MOTOR
ACTUATOR RLY (note) During the actuator motor operating with ON, when the actuator
motor turns OFF, or when the control line for actuator motor relay
is open.Actuator motor, motor
relay, and circuit. Refer
to BRC-101
During the actuator motor operating with OFF, when the actuator
motor turns ON, or when the control line for relay is shorted to
ground.
ABS SENSOR
[ABNORMAL SIGNAL]Wheel sensor input is malfunction.Wheel sensor and cir-
cuit. Refer to BRC-91
BATTERY VOLTAGE
[ABNORMAL]ESP/TCS/ABS control unit battery voltage is too low.ESP/TCS/ABS control
unit battery voltage cir-
cuit and ground circuit.
Refer to BRC-105
ST ANGLE SEN SIGNALNeutral position correction of steering angle sensor is not fin-
ished.Neutral position adjust-
ment of steering angle
sensor. Refer to BRC-
107
ST ANG SEN COM CIRCAN communication system or steering angle sensor is malfunc-
tion.Steering angle sensor
and CAN communication
circuit. Refer to BRC-109
SIDE G-SEN CIRCUITSide G sensor is malfunction, or circuit of side G sensor is open
or shorted.Yaw rate/ Side G sensor
and circuit. Refer to
BRC-97
EMERGENCY BRAKEESP/TCS/ABS control unit malfunction (pressure increase is too
much or too little.)ESP/TCS/ABS control
unit. Refer to BRC-107
CONTROLLER FAILURE ESP/TCS/ABS internal malfunction of control unitESP/TCS/ABS control
unit. Refer to BRC-93
CAN COMM CIRCUIT

CAN communication line is open or shorted.

ESP/TCS/ABS control unit internal malfunction.

Battery voltage for ECM is interrupted instantaneously for
Approx. 0.5 seconds or more.Communication circuit
between ESP/TCS/ABS
control unit and units.
Refer to BRC-109
BR FLUID LEVEL LOWBrake fluid level drops or communication line between the ESP/
TCS/ABS control unit and brake fluid level warning switch is open
or shorted. Communication circuit
between the ESP/TCS/
ABS control unit and the
brake fluid level warning
switch.
Reservoir tank fluid.
Refer to BRC-108

ENGINE SIGNAL 1-4, 6 Major engine components are malfunction Engine system. Refer to
BRC-93
Self-Diagnostic item Malfunction detecting condition Check route

AV-4
AUDIO

AUDIOPFP:28111
System DescriptionEKS00INI
WITH CASSETTE DECK
Refer to Owner's Manual for audio system operating instructions.
Power is supplied at all times

through 15A fuse [No. 32, located in the fuse and fusible link box]

to audio unit terminal 6.
With the ignition switch in the ACC or ON position, power is supplied

through 10A fuse [No. 4, located in the fuse block (J/B)]

to audio unit terminal 10.
When audio switch is pushed, audio signals are supplied

through audio unit terminals 1, 2, 3, 4, 13, 14, 15, and 16

to terminals 1 and 2 of front door speaker LH and RH

to terminals 1 and 2 of rear speaker LH and RH

to terminals 1 and 2 of tweeter LH and RH.
When one of audio steering wheel switches is pushed to volume up, seek up, or source, resistance in steering
switch circuit changes depending on which button is pushed. This will change voltage. Power is supplied

from audio unit terminal 26

through combination switch (spiral cable) terminal 4 and 15

to audio steering wheel switch terminal 1.
Ground is supplied

from audio steering wheel switch terminal 2

through combination switch (spiral cable) terminal 17 and 7

to audio unit terminal 29.
When one of audio steering wheel switches is pushed to volume down, seek down, or special, resistance in
steering switch circuit changes depending on which button is pushed. This will change voltage. Power is sup-
plied

from audio unit terminal 27

through combination switch (spiral cable) terminal 5 and 16

to audio steering wheel switch terminal 3.
Ground is supplied

from audio steering wheel switch terminal 2

through combination switch (spiral cable) terminal 17 and 7

to audio unit terminal 29.
Speed Sensitive Volume System
Volume level of this system gone up and down automatically in proportion to the vehicle speed. And the con-
trol level can be selected by the customer.

AV-6
AUDIO

Personal Audio Setting
Description

The radio is designed to store several settings (volume, bass, treble, preset stations) with every NATS
ignition key used. Up to a maximum of 4 NATS keys can be registered. During the communication men-
tioned under “Anti-Theft System”, the radio will recognize the used ignition key and select the accompany-
ing settings.
WITHOUT CASSETTE DECK
Refer to Owner's Manual for audio system operating instructions.
Power is supplied at all times

through 15A fuse [No. 32, located in the fuse and fusible link box]

to audio unit terminal 9.
With the ignition switch in the ACC or ON position, power is supplied

through 10A fuse [No. 4, located in the fuse block (J/B)]

to audio unit terminal 3.
When audio switch is pushed, audio signals are supplied

through audio unit terminals 7, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16

to terminals 1 and 2 of front door speaker LH and RH

to terminals 1 and 2 of rear speaker LH and RH

to terminals 1 and 2 of tweeter LH and RH.
When one of audio steering wheel switches is pushed to volume up, seek up, or source, resistance in steering
switch circuit changes depending on which button is pushed. This will change voltage. Power is supplied

from audio unit terminal 20

through combination switch (spiral cable) terminal 4 and 15

to audio steering wheel switch terminal 1.
Ground is supplied

from audio steering wheel switch terminal 2

through combination switch (spiral cable) terminal 17 and 7

to audio unit terminal 22.
When one of audio steering wheel switches is pushed to volume down, seek down, or special, resistance in
steering switch circuit changes depending on which button is pushed. This will change voltage. Power is sup-
plied

from audio unit terminal 21

through combination switch (spiral cable) terminal 5 and 16

to audio steering wheel switch terminal 3.
Ground is supplied

from audio steering wheel switch terminal 2

through combination switch (spiral cable) terminal 17 and 7

to audio unit terminal 22.

AV-28
AUDIO

Terminals and Reference Value for Audio Unit Without Cassette Deck EKS00EHT
26
(L/B)GroundRemote con-
trol AInput ONPress SOURCE
switchApprox. 0V
Steering wheel audio
controls do not func-
tion. Press SEEK UP
switchApprox. 1.7V
Press VOL UP
switchApprox. 3.3V
Except for above Approx. 5V
27
(L/R)GroundRemote con-
trol BInput ONPress SPECIAL
switchApprox. 0V
Steering wheel audio
controls do not func-
tion. Press SEEK
DOWN switchApprox. 1.7V
Press VOL
DOWN switchApprox. 3.3V
Except for above Approx. 5V
29
(B)GroundRemote con-
trol ground– ON – Approx. 0V – Terminal
(Wire color)
ItemSignal
input/
outputCondition
Reference value Example of symptom
(+) (–)Ignition
switchOperation
Te r m i n a l
(Wire color)
ItemSignal
input/
outputCondition
Reference valueExample of
symptom
(+) (–)Ignition
switchOperation
1
(R/L)GroundLighting
switch signalInput ONLighting switch
ON (1st position)Approx. 12VAudio unit illumi-
nation does not
function when
lighting switch is
ON (position 1). Lighting switch
OFFApprox. 0V
3
(GY/L)Ground ACC power Input ACC – Battery voltageSystem does not
work properly.
5
(PU)– immobilizer – – – – –
6
(Y/R)GroundAntenna
signalOutput ON – More than approx. 10VReceiving status
of radio broadcast
becomes bad.
9
(Y/G)Ground Battery power Input OFF – Battery voltage System does not
work properly.
11
(SB)
*1
(L)*2
10
(GY)*1
(B/W)*2
Audio sound
signal front
LH Output ONReceive audio
signalNo sound from
front door speaker
or tweeter LH.
12
(LG)13
(B/Y)Audio sound
signal rear
LH Output ONReceive audio
signalNo sound from
rear door speaker
LH.
SKIA0177E
SKIA0177E

PS-1
POWER STEERING SYSTEM
G STEERING
CONTENTS
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SECTION PS
A
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PS

POWER STEERING SYSTEM
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 3
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN-
SIONER” .................................................................. 3
Precautions for Steering System .............................. 3
PREPARATION ........................................................... 4
Special Service Tools [SST] ..................................... 4
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH)
TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................ 5
NVH Trouble shooting Chart .................................... 5
POWER STEERING FLUID ........................................ 6
Checking Fluid Level ................................................ 6
Checking Fluid Leakage ........................................... 6
Air Bleeding Hydraulic System ................................. 6
STEERING WHEEL .................................................... 8
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service .......................... 8
CHECKING CONDITION OF INSTALLATION ...... 8
CHECKING STEERING WHEEL PLAY ................ 8
CHECKING NEUTRAL POSITION STEERING
WHEEL ................................................................. 8
CHECKING STEERING WHEEL TURNING
FORCE .................................................................. 8
CHECKING FRONT WHEEL TURNING ANGLE ..... 9
Removal and Installation ........................................ 10
REMOVAL ........................................................... 10
INSTALLATION ................................................... 10
STEERING COLUMN ................................................11
Removal and Installation ......................................... 11
COMPONENT ...................................................... 11
REMOVAL OF LOWER SHAFT, HOLE COVER,
CLAMP AND HOLE COVER SEAL ..................... 11
INSTALLATION OF LOWER SHAFT, HOLE
COVER, CLAMP AND HOLE COVER SEAL ...... 12
REMOVAL OF STEERING COLUMN ASSEM-
BLY ...................................................................... 12
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ....................... 13
INSTALLATION OF STEERING COLUMN
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 13INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 13
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 14
COMPONENT ..................................................... 14
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 14
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 14
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 14
INSPECTION AFTER ASSEMBLY ...................... 15
POWER STEERING GEAR AND LINKAGE ............ 16
Removal and Installation ........................................ 16
COMPONENT ..................................................... 16
REMOVAL ........................................................... 16
INSTALLATION ................................................... 17
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 18
COMPONENT ..................................................... 18
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 19
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 20
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 22
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP ............................... 27
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service ......................... 27
OIL PUMP PULLEY HYDRAULIC PRESSURE
INSPECTION ...................................................... 27
Removal and Installation (QR20DE and QR25DE
Engine Models) ....................................................... 27
REMOVAL ........................................................... 27
INSTALLATION ................................................... 27
Disassembly and Assembly(QR20DE and
QR25DE Engine Models) ....................................... 28
INSPECTION BEFORE DISASSEMBLY ............. 28
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 28
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 29
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 29
Removal and Installation (YD22DDTi Engine
Model) ..................................................................... 32
Disassembly and Assembly (YD22DDTi Engine
Model) ..................................................................... 33
INSPECTION BEFORE DISASSEMBLY ............. 33
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 34
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 35
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 35

PS-6
POWER STEERING FLUID

POWER STEERING FLUIDPFP:KLF20
Checking Fluid LevelEGS001BV

Check fluid level with engine stopped.

Make sure that fluid level is between MIN and MAX.

Fluid levels at HOT and COLD are different. Do not confuse
them.
CAUTION:

The fluid level should not exceed the MAX line. Excessive
fluid will cause fluid leakage from the cap.

Do not reuse drained power steering fluid.

Recommended fluid is Type DEXRONTM III or equivalent.
Checking Fluid LeakageEGS001BW
Check hydraulic connections for fluid leakage, cracks, damage,
looseness, or wear.
1. Run engine until the fluid temperature reaches 50 to 80° C (122
to 176°F) in reservoir tank, and keep engine speed idle.
2. Turn steering wheel several times from full left stop to full right
stop.
3. Hold steering wheel at each lock position for five seconds and
carefully, check for fluid leakage.
CAUTION:
Do not hold the steering wheel in a locked position for more
than 10 seconds. (There is the possibility that oil pump may
be damaged.)
4. If fluid leakage at connections is noticed, then loosen flare nut and then retighten. Do not overtighten con-
nector as this can damage O-ring, washer and connector.
5. If fluid leakage from oil pump is noticed, check oil pump. Refer to PS-27, "
POWER STEERING OIL
PUMP" .
6. Check steering gear boots for accumulation of fluid indicating from steering gear.
Air Bleeding Hydraulic SystemEGS001BX
If air bleeding is not complete, the following symptoms can be observed.

Bubbles are created in reservoir tank.

Clicking noise can be heard from oil pump.

Excessive buzzing in the oil pump.
NOTE:
Fluid noise may occur in the steering gear or oil pump. This does not affect performance or durability of
the system.
1. Turn steering wheel several times from full left stop to full right stop with engine off.
CAUTION:
Turn steering wheel while filling reservoir tank with fluid so as not to lower fluid level below the
MIN line.
2. Start engine and hold steering wheel at each lock position for 3 seconds at idle to check for fluid leakage.
3. Repeat step 2 above several times at approximately 3 second intervals.
CAUTION:
Do not hold the steering wheel in a locked position for more than 10 seconds. (There is the possi-
bility that oil pump may be damaged.)
4. Check fluid for bubbles and while contamination.HOT : Fluid temperature 50 - 80 °C (122 - 176°F)
COLD : Fluid temperature 0 - 30°C (32 - 86°F)
SGIA0232J
SGIA0506E

POWER STEERING GEAR AND LINKAGE
PS-17
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PS

6. Remove steering outer socket from steering knuckle so as not to
damage ball joint boot using the ball joint remover (suitable tool).
CAUTION:
Temporarily tighten the nut to prevent damage to threads
and to prevent the ball joint remover (suitable tool) from
suddenly coming off.
7. Remove high-pressure piping and low-pressure hose of hydrau-
lic piping, and then drain power steering fluid. Refer to PS-37,
"HYDRAULIC LINE" .
8. Remove the power steering tube bracket mounting bolts and
nuts, and then remove power steering tube bracket from steer-
ing gear assembly.
9. Tilt steering gear assembly to prevent any contact with other
parts and then remove it from right side of vehicle.
INSTALLATION
Installation in the reverse order of the removal. For tightening torque, refer to PS-16, "COMPONENT" .

When installing lower shaft to steering gear, follow the procedure listed below.
–Set rack of steering gear in the neutral position.
NOTE:
To get the neutral position of rack, turn gear sub assembly and measure the distance of inner socket, and
then measure the intermediate position of the distance.
–Align rear cover cap projection with the projection of gear sub assembly.
–Align slit part of lower shaft with the projection of rear cover cap.
And then install it onto rear cover cap of steering gear assembly.
Make sure that the slit part of lower shaft is aligned with both the
projection of rear cover cap and the marking position of gear sub
assembly.
–After installation, bleed air from the steering hydraulic system.
Refer to PS-6, "
Air Bleeding Hydraulic System" .
–Perform final tightening of nuts and bolts on each part under
unladen conditions with tyres on level ground when removing
steering gear assembly. Check wheel alignment. Refer to FSU-
6, "Wheel Alignment" .
–Adjust neutral position of steering angle sensor after checking
wheel alignment. Refer to BRC-52, "
Adjustment of Steering Angle Sensor Neutral Position" .
SGIA1164E
SGIA0912E
SGIA0910E

POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
PS-27
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POWER STEERING OIL PUMPPFP:49110
On-Vehicle Inspection and ServiceEGS000AF
OIL PUMP PULLEY HYDRAULIC PRESSURE INSPECTION
Before starting following procedure, check tension of belt.
1. Raise vehicle. Connect oil pressure gauge between oil pump
discharge connector and high pressure hose. Then bleed the
hydraulic circuit.
2. Start engine. Run engine until oil temperature reaches 50°C -
80°C (122 - 176°F).
CAUTION:

Leave valve of hydraulic pressure gauge fully open while
starting and running engine. If engine is started with
valve closed, hydraulic pressure in oil pump goes up.
This will relief pressure along with abnormal increase of
oil temperature.

Care must be taken to keep hose clear of belt and other parts when engine is started.
3. Fully close hydraulic pressure gauge valve with engine at idle. Measure relief pressure.
4. After measurement, open valve slowly.
CAUTION:
Never keep valve closed for 10 seconds or longer.

If relief pressure is outside specification, disassemble and service oil pump. Refer to PS-28, "Disas-
sembly and Assembly(QR20DE and QR25DE Engine Models)" , PS-33, "Disassembly and Assembly
(YD22DDTi Engine Model)" .
5. After inspection, remove oil pressure gauge from hydraulic circuit. Add fluid. Be sure to bleed the system
completely. Refer to PS-6, "
Air Bleeding Hydraulic System" .
Removal and Installation (QR20DE and QR25DE Engine Models)EGS000AG
REMOVAL
1. Loosen adjusting screw and oil pump mounting bolt. Then, remove belt.
2. Remove union bolt and hose for oil pump.
3. Remove oil pump bracket attaching bolt.
4. Remove oil pump from vehicle.
INSTALLATION
Paying attention to following items, install in the reverse order of removal.

After installation, adjust belt tension. Refer to EM-13, "DRIVE BELTS" .

After installation, be sure to bleed system. Refer to PS-6, "Air Bleeding Hydraulic System" . Relief oil pressure
Except YD22DDTi models
: 8,000 - 8,800 kPa (81.60 - 89.76 kg/cm
2 , 1,160 - 1,276 psi)
YD22DDTi models
: 8,500 - 9,300 kpa (98 - 104 kg/cm
2 , 1,390 - 1,480 psi)
SST834-H