2003 NISSAN ALMERA N16 battery

EC-420
[QG (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
The ignition timing is controlled by the ECM to maintain the best air-
fuel ratio for every running condition of the engine. The ignition tim-
ing data is stored in the ECM. This data forms the map shown.
The ECM receives information such as the injection pulse width and
camshaft position sensor signal. Computing this information, ignition
signals are transmitted to the power transistor.
e.g., N: 1,800 rpm, Tp: 1.50 msec
A°BTDC
During the following conditions, the ignition timing is revised by the
ECM according to the other data stored in the ECM.
●At starting
●During warm-up
●At idle
●At low battery voltage
●During acceleration
The knock sensor retard system is designed only for emergencies. The basic ignition timing is programmed
within the anti-knocking zone, if recommended fuel is used under dry conditions. The retard system does not
operate under normal driving conditions. If engine knocking occurs, the knock sensor monitors the condition.
The signal is transmitted to the ECM. The ECM retards the ignition timing to eliminate the knocking condition.
Air Conditioning Cut ControlEBS00KEE
INPUT/OUTPUT SIGNAL CHART
*1: These signals are sent to the ECM through CAN communication line.
*2: The ECM determines the start signal status by the signals of engine speed and battery voltage.
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
This system improves engine operation when the air conditioner is used.
Under the following conditions, the air conditioner is turned off.
●When the accelerator pedal is fully depressed.
●When cranking the engine.
●At high engine speeds.
●When the engine coolant temperature becomes excessively high.
●When operating power steering during low engine speed or low vehicle speed.
●When engine speed is excessively low.
●When refrigerant pressure is excessively low or high.
SEF742M
Sensor Input Signal to ECM ECM function Actuator
Air conditioner switch
*1Air conditioner “ON” signal
Air conditioner
cut controlAir conditioner relay Throttle position sensor Throttle valve opening angle
Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)Engine speed
*2
Engine coolant temperature sensor Engine coolant temperature
Battery
Battery voltage
*2
Refrigerant pressure sensor Refrigerant pressure
Power steering pressure sensor Power steering operation
Vehicle speed signal
*1Vehicle speed

BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE
EC-425
[QG (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
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3. Check ignition timing.
Accelerator Pedal Released Position LearningEBS00KEI
DESCRIPTION
“Accelerator Pedal Released Position Learning” is an operation to learn the fully released position of the accel-
erator pedal by monitoring the accelerator pedal position sensor output signal. It must be performed each time
harness connector of accelerator pedal position sensor or ECM is disconnected.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
1. Make sure that accelerator pedal is fully released.
2. Turn ignition switch “ON” and wait at least 2 seconds.
3. Turn ignition switch “OFF” wait at least 10 seconds.
4. Turn ignition switch “ON” and wait at least 2 seconds.
5. Turn ignition switch “OFF” wait at least 10 seconds.
Throttle Valve Closed Position LearningEBS00KEJ
DESCRIPTION
“Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning” is an operation to learn the fully closed position of the throttle valve
by monitoring the throttle position sensor output signal. It must be performed each time harness connector of
electric throttle control actuator or ECM is disconnected.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
1. Make sure that accelerator pedal is fully released.
2. Turn ignition switch “ON”.
3. Turn ignition switch “OFF” wait at least 10 seconds.
Make sure that throttle valve moves during above 10 seconds by confirming the operating sound.
Idle Air Volume LearningEBS00KEK
DESCRIPTION
“Idle Air Volume Learning” is an operation to learn the idle air volume that keeps each engine within the spe-
cific range. It must be performed under any of the following conditions:
●Each time electric throttle control actuator or ECM is replaced.
●Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PREPARATION
Before performing “Idle Air Volume Learning”, make sure that all of the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are missed for even a moment.
●Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)
●Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 95°C (158 - 203°F)
●PNP switch: ON
●Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting switch to the 1st position to light
only small lamps.
●Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)
●Vehicle speed: Stopped
SEF166Y

ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC (OBD) SYSTEM
EC-431
[QG (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
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4. Touch “ERASE”. (The DTC in the ECM will be erased.)
How to Erase DTC ( Without CONSULT-II)
1. If the ignition switch stays “ON” after repair work, be sure to turn ignition switch “OFF” once.
2. Wait at least 10 seconds and then turn it “ON” (engine stopped) again.
3. Change the diagnostic test mode from Mode II to Mode I by depressing the accelerator pedal. Refer to
EC-433, "
HOW TO SWITCH DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE" .
●If the battery is disconnected, the emission-related diagnostic information will be lost after
approx. 24 hours.
●The following data are cleared when the ECM memory is erased.
–Diagnostic trouble codes
–1st trip diagnostic trouble codes
–Freeze frame data
–1st trip freeze frame data
–Others
Actual work procedures are explained using a DTC as an example. Be careful so that not only the DTC, but all
of the data listed above, are cleared from the ECM memory during work procedures.
NATS (Nissan Anti-theft System)EBS00KEP
●If the security indicator lights up with the ignition switch in
the “ON” position or “NATS MALFUNCTION” is displayed
on “SELF-DIAG RESULTS” screen, perform self-diagnostic
results mode with CONSULT-II using NATS program card.
Refer to EL-386.
●Confirm no self-diagnostic results of NATS is displayed
before touching “ERASE” in “SELF-DIAG RESULTS” mode
with CONSULT-II.
●When replacing ECM, initialization of NATS system and reg-
istration of all NATS ignition key IDs must be carried out
with CONSULT-II using NATS program card.
Therefore, be sure to receive all keys from vehicle owner.
Regarding the procedures of NATS initialization and NATS ignition key ID registration, refer to
CONSULT-II operation manual, NATS.
PBIB0671E
SEF515Y

EC-434
[QG (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC (OBD) SYSTEM
DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE I — MALFUNCTION WARNING
●These DTC numbers are clarified in Diagnostic Test Mode II (SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS)
DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE II — SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS
In this mode, the DTC and 1st trip DTC are indicated by the number of blinks of the MI as shown below.
The DTC and 1st trip DTC are displayed at the same time. If the MI does not illuminate in diagnostic test mode
I (Malfunction warning), all displayed items are 1st trip DTCs. If only one code is displayed when the MI illumi-
nates in diagnostic test mode II (SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS), it is a DTC; if two or more codes are dis-
played, they may be either DTCs or 1st trip DTCs. DTC No. is same as that of 1st trip DTC. These unidentified
codes can be identified by using the CONSULT-II. A DTC will be used as an example for how to read a code.
A particular trouble code can be identified by the number of four-digit numeral flashes. The “zero” is indicated
by the number of ten flashes. The length of time the 1,000th-digit numeral flashes on and off is 1.2 seconds
consisting of an ON (0.6-second) - OFF (0.6-second) cycle.
The 100th-digit numeral and lower digit numerals consist of a 0.3-second ON and 0.3-second OFF cycle.
A change from one digit numeral to another occurs at an interval of 1.0-second OFF. In other words, the later
numeral appears on the display 1.3 seconds after the former numeral has disappeared.
A change from one trouble code to another occurs at an interval of 1.8-second OFF.
In this way, all the detected malfunctions are classified by their DTC numbers. The DTC “0000” refers to no
malfunction. (See EC-406, "
INDEX FOR DTC" )
How to Erase Diagnostic Test Mode II (Self-diagnostic Results)
The DTC can be erased from the back up memory in the ECM by depressing accelerator pedal. Refer to EC-
433, "HOW TO SWITCH DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE" .
●If the battery is disconnected, the DTC will be lost from the backup memory after approx 24 hours.
●Be careful not to erase the stored memory before starting trouble diagnoses.
DIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE II — HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR 1 MONITOR
In this mode, the MI displays the condition of the fuel mixture (lean or rich) which is monitored by the heated
oxygen sensor 1.
*: Maintains conditions just before switching to open loop.MI Condition
ON When the malfunction is detected.
OFF No malfunction.
SEF952W
MI Fuel mixture condition in the exhaust gas Air fuel ratio feedback control condition
ON Lean
Closed loop system
OFF Rich
*Remains ON or OFF Any condition Open loop system

EC-448
[QG (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
Symptom Matrix Chart
EBS00KEV
SYSTEM — BASIC ENGINE CONTROL SYSTEM
SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA
Fuel Fuel pump circuit 11232 22 3 2EC-699
Fuel pressure regulator system334444444 4EC-427
Injector circuit 11232 22 2EC-693
Evaporative emission system 334444444 4EC-717
Air Positive crankcase ventilation sys-
tem334444444 41EC-720
Incorrect idle speed adjustment 33 1111 1EC-443
Electric throttle control actuator 112332222 2 2EC-575
,
EC-578
,
EC-585
,
EC-591
IgnitionIncorrect ignition timing adjustment33111 11 1EC-443
Ignition circuit 11222 22 2EC-660
Main power supply and ground circuit 22333 33 23EC-486
Mass air flow sensor circuit 11222 22 2EC-495
Engine coolant temperature sensor circuit 11222322312EC-501
Throttle position sensor circuit 12 22222 2EC-524
,
EC-530
,
EC-607
,
EC-613
,
EC-615
,
EC-624
Accelerator pedal position sensor circuit3212 2EC-536
,
EC-543
,
EC-617
Heated oxygen sensor 1 circuit 1232 22 2EC-506
,
EC-512
,
EC-647
Knock sensor circuit 2 2 3EC-550
Crankshaft position sensor (POS) circuit 2 2EC-554
Camshaft position sensor (PHASE) circuit 2 2EC-561
Vehicle speed signal circuit 2 3 3 3EC-677
Power steering pressure sensor circuit 2 3333EC-678

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-449
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1 - 6: The numbers refer to the order of inspection.
(continued on next page)
SYSTEM — ENGINE MECHANICAL & OTHER
ECM 22333333333EC-568,
EC-571
Intake valve timing control solenoid valve cir-
cuit332 13223 3EC-683
PNP switch circuit 3 33333 3EC-689
Refrigerant pressure sensor circuit 2 3 3 3 3 4EC-705
Electrical load signal circuit 3 3 3 3EC-710
Air conditioner circuit223333333 3 2AT C - 2 9
SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA
SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA
Fuel Fuel tank
5
5FE-4
Fuel piping 5 5 5 5 5 5 FE-4
Vapor lock—
Valve deposit
555555 5—
Poor fuel (Heavy weight gaso-
line, Low octane)—

EC-450
[QG (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
Air Air duct
55555 5EM-14
Air cleanerEM-14
Air leakage from air duct
(Mass air flow sensor —electric
throttle control actuator)
5555EM-14
Electric throttle control actuatorEM-16
Air leakage from intake manifold/
Collector/GasketEM-16
Cranking Battery
111111 11SC-3
Alternator circuitSC-27
Starter circuit 3 SC-13
Signal plate/Flywheel/Drive plate 6EM-70
PNP switch
4AT- 11 6,
MT-21
Engine Cylinder head
55555 55 5EM-57
Cylinder head gasket 4 3
Cylinder block
66666 66 64
EM-70
Piston
Piston ring
Connecting rod
Bearing
Crankshaft
Va l v e
mecha-
nismTimin g c hain
55555 55 5EM-47
CamshaftEM-32
Intake valve timing controlEM-47
Intake valve
3EM-57
Exhaust valve
Exhaust Exhaust manifold/Tube/Muffler/
Gasket
55555 55 5EM-19
, FE-
26
Three way catalyst
Lubrica-
tionOil pan/Oil strainer/Oil pump/Oil
filter/Oil gallery
55555 55 52EM-22
, LC-
5, LC-9,
LC-4
Oil level (Low)/Filthy oilLC-8 SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
EC-451
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1 - 6: The numbers refer to the order of inspection.Cooling Radiator/Hose/Radiator filler cap
55555 55 25LC-12
Thermostat 5 LC-15
Water pumpLC-14
Water galleryLC-12
Cooling fan 5 LC-17
Coolant level (low)/Contaminated
coolantLC-17
NATS (Nissan Anti-Theft System) 1 1EC-431
or
EL-386 SYMPTOM
Reference
page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
Warranty symptom code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA