2001 NISSAN X-TRAIL engine coolant

WATER PUMP
CO-19
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3. Remove water pipe.
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL
●Visually check that there is no significant dirt or rusting on the
water pump body and vane.
●Check that there is no looseness in the vane shaft, and that it
turns smoothly when rotated by hand.
●If there are any unusualness, replace the water pump assembly.
INSTALLATION
●Install in the reverse order of removal
●When inserting water pipe end to cylinder block, apply a neutral detergent to o-ring. Then insert it immedi-
ately.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
Check for engine coolant leaks using radiator cap tester. Refer to CO-9, "CHECKING RADIATOR SYSTEM
FOR LEAKS" .
KBIA0155E

CO-20
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THERMOSTAT AND WATER CONTROL VALVE
THERMOSTAT AND WATER CONTROL VALVE
PFP:21200
Removal and InstallationEBS00KOO
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure
engine coolant escaping from the radiator.
REMOVAL
Thermostat Removal
1. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-9, "DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
CAUTION:
Perform when the engine cold.
2. Disconnect radiator lower hose at water inlet side.
3. Remove water inlet and thermostat.
Water Control Valve Removal
1. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-9, "DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
2. Disconnect upper radiator hose, heater pipe and heater hose at water outlet side.
3. Remove water outlet.
4. Remove water control valve.
PBIC0239E
1. Thermostat 2. Water inlet 3. Water control valve
4. Water outlet 5. Heater hose 6. Engine coolant temperature sensor
7. Heater pipe

THERMOSTAT AND WATER CONTROL VALVE
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INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL
●Place a string so that it is caught in the valves of the thermostat
and water control valve. Immerse fully in a container filled with
water. Heat while stirring. (The example in the figure shows the
thermostat.)
●The valve opening temperature is the temperature at which the
valve opens and the falls from the thread.
●Continue heating. Check the full-open lift amount.
NOTE:
The full-open lift amount standard temperature for the water
control valve is the reference value.
● After checking the full-open lift amount, lower the water temper-
ature and check the valve closing temperature.
Standard values
INSTALLATION
Install in the reverse order of removal paying attention to the following.
●Install the engine coolant temperature sensor.
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
Installation of Thermostat and Water Control Valve
●Install the thermostat and water control valve with the whole cir-
cumference of each flange part fit securely inside the rubber
ring. (The example in the figure shows the thermostat.)
●Install the thermostat with the jiggle valve facing upwards. (The
position deviation may be within the range of ±10°)
●Install the water control valve with the up-mark facing up and the
frame center part facing upwards. (The position deviation may
be within the range of ±10°)
Heater Pipe Installation
First apply a neutral detergent to the O-ring, then quickly insert the insertion parts of the heater pipe into the
installation holes.
SLC252B
Thermostat Water control valve
Valve opening temperature 80.5 - 83.5°C (177 - 182° F) 93.5 - 96.5°C (200 - 206°F)
Full-open lift amountMore than 8 mm/ 95°C
(0.315 in/ 203 °F)More than 8 mm/ 108°C
(0.315 in/ 226 ° F)
Valve closing temperature 77°C (171°F) 90°C (194° F)
PBIC0157E
PBIC0158E

CO-22
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SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)
PFP:00030
Standard and LimitEBS00KOP
CAPACITY
Unit: (lmp qt)
THERMOSTAT
WATER CONTROL VALVE
RADIATOR
Unit: kPa (bar, kg/cm2 , psi)
Tightening TorqueEBS00KOQ
Unit: N·m (kg-m, ft-lb)
Unit: N·m (kg-m, in-lb)*
Engine coolant capacity [With reservoir tank (MAX level)] Approximately 7.1 (6-1/4)
Reservoir tank0.6 (1/2)
Valve opening temperature 80.5 - 83.5°C (177 - 182°F)
Valve liftMore than 8 mm/ 95°C (0.315 in/203°F)
Valve closing temperature 77°C (171°F)
Valve opening temperature 93.5 - 96.5°C (200 - 206°F)
Valve liftMore than 8 mm/108°C (0.315 in/226°F)
Valve closing temperature 90°C (194° F)
Cap relief pressureStandard 78 - 98 (0.78 - 0.98, 0.8 - 1.0, 11- 14)
Limit 59 (0.59, 0.6, 9)
Leakage test pressure 157 (1.57, 1.6, 23)
Cylinder block drain plug 7.8 - 11.8 (0.8 - 1.2, 69 - 104)*
Radiator mounting bracket 3.8 - 4.5 (0.39 - 0.46, 34 - 39)*
Radiator fan assembly 3.8 - 4.5 (0.39 - 0.46, 34 - 39)*
Radiator fan2.9 - 3.9 (0.30 - 0.40, 26 - 34)*
Radiator fan motor 3.9 - 4.9 (0.40 - 0.50, 35 - 43)*
Water pump20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Water pump housing 20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Water inlet20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Water outlet20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Water pipe20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Hater pipe20.8 - 28.2 (2.1 - 2.9, 16 - 20)
Engine coolant temperature sensor 19.6 - 29.4 (2.0 - 3.0, 15 - 21)

PRECAUTIONS
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[YD22DDTi]PRECAUTIONSPFP:00001
Precautions For Liquid GasketEBS00MRY
REMOVAL OF LIQUID GASKET
●After removing the mounting bolts and nuts, separate the mating
surface using a seal cutter and remove the old liquid gasket
sealing.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage the mating surfaces.
●In areas where the cutter is difficult to use, use a plastic hammer
to lightly tap the areas where the liquid gasket is applied.
CAUTION:
If for some unavoidable reason a tool such as a flat-blade
screwdriver is used, be careful not to damage the mating
surfaces.
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE
1. Using a scraper, remove the old liquid gasket adhering to the liq-
uid gasket application surface and the mating surface.
●Remove the liquid gasket completely from the groove of the
liquid gasket application surface, mounting bolts and bolt
holes.
2. Wipe the liquid gasket application surface and the mating sur-
face with white gasoline (lighting and heating use) to remove
adhering moisture, grease and foreign materials.
3. Attach the liquid gasket to the tube presser.
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
4. Apply the liquid gasket without breaks to the specified location
with the specified dimensions.
●If there is a groove for the liquid gasket application, apply the
liquid gasket to the groove.
●As for the bolt holes, normally apply the liquid gasket inside
the holes. If specified, it should be applied outside the holes.
Make sure to read the instruction in this manual.
●Within five minutes of liquid gasket application, install the mat-
ing component.
●If the liquid gasket protrudes, wipe it off immediately.
●Do not retighten after the installation.
●After 30 minutes or more have passed from the installation, fill
the engine oil and engine coolant.
CAUTION:
If there are instructions in this manual, observe them.
PBIC0275E
PBIC0003E
EMA0622D
SEM159F

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS
CO-25
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OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSISPFP:00012
Troubleshooting ChartEBS00BAW
Symptom Check items
Cooling sys-
tem parts
malfunctionPoor heat transferWater pump malfunction Worn or loose drive belt
— Thermostat stuck closed —
Damaged finsDust contamination or
paper clogging
Physical damage
Clogged radiator cooling
tubeExcess foreign material
(rust, dirt, sand, etc.)
Reduced air flowCooling fan does not oper-
ate
Fan assembly — High resistance to fan rota-
tion
Damaged fan blades
Damaged radiator shroud — — —
Improper engine coolant
mixture ratio—— —
Poor engine coolant quality — Engine coolant viscosity —
Insufficient engine coolantEngine coolant leaksCooling hoseLoose clamp
Cracked hose
Water pump Poor sealing
Radiator capLoose
Poor sealing
RadiatorO-ring for damage, deterio-
ration or improper fitting
Cracked radiator tank
Cracked radiator core
Reservoir tank Cracked reservoir tank
Overflowing reservoir tankExhaust gas leaks into
cooling systemCylinder head deterioration
Cylinder head gasket dete-
rioration

ENGINE COOLANT
CO-29
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ENGINE COOLANTPFP:KQ100
InspectionEBS00BAY
LEVEL CHECK
●Check if the reservoir tank engine coolant level within MIN to
MAX when engine is cool.
●Adjust engine coolant if too much or too little.
CHECKING RADIATOR SYSTEM FOR LEAKS
To check for leakage, apply pressure to the cooling system with a
tester.
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious
burns could occur from high pressure engine coolant escaping
from the radiator.
CAUTION:
Higher pressure than specified may cause radiator damage.
Changing Engine CoolantEBS00BAZ
WARNING:
●To avoid being scalded, never change the engine coolant when the engine is hot.
●Wrap a thick cloth around cap and carefully remove the cap. First, turn the cap a quarter of a turn
to release built-up pressure. Then turn the cap all the way.
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Open radiator drain plug at the bottom of radiator, and remove
radiator cap.
●Be careful not to allow engine coolant to contact drive
belts.
●Cover the exhaust tube heat shield to prevent from splashing
engine coolant.
2. Open drain plugs on cylinder block and air relief plug.
3. Remove reservoir tank, drain engine coolant, then clean reser-
voir tank.
4. Check drained engine coolant for contaminants such as rust,
corrosion or discoloration.
If contaminated, flush engine cooling system. Refer to CO-31,
"FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM" .
SMA412B
Testing pressure:
157 kPa (1.57 bar, 1.6 kg/cm
2 , 23 psi)
SLC134B
PBIC0236E
SBIA0129E

CO-30
[YD22DDTi]
ENGINE COOLANT
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Install reservoir tank, radiator drain plug and cylinder block drain plug.
●Apply sealant to the thread of cylinder block drain plug.
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
2. Fill radiator slowly with engine coolant until engine coolant spills
from the air relief plugs, then install air relief plugs.
CAUTION:
If the filling rate is too fast, this could lead to air being
mixed in the engine coolant. Be sure to fill the engine cool-
ant slowly according to the rate indicated above.
●Replace the copper washer of the air bleeding plug.
●Use genuine Nissan anti-freeze engine coolant or equiva-
lent mixed with water (distilled or demineralized).
Refer to MA-16, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS".
●Pour engine coolant through engine coolant filler neck slowly of less than 2 (1-3/4 lmp qt) a
minute to allow air in system to escape.
3. Fill reservoir tank to specified level.
4. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature without radia-
tor cap installed.
●If engine coolant overflows radiator filler hole, install
radiator cap.
5. Run engine at 3,000 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle speed
with radiator cap installed.
●Repeat two or three times.
Watch engine coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat
the engine.
6. Stop engine and cool down to less than approximately
50°C(122°F).
●Cool down using a fan to reduce the time.
●If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with engine coolant.
7. Refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with engine coolant.
SBIA0130E
Cylinder block drain plug:
: 7.8 - 11.8 N·m (0.8 -1.2 kg-m , 69 - 104 in-lb)
Air relief plug:
: 6.7 - 7.9 N·m (0.68 - 0.81 kg-m, 59 - 70 in-lb)
Engine coolant capacity (With reservoir tank):

9.5 (8-3/8 Imp qt)
SMA182B
Reservoir tank
: 0.6 (1/2 lmp qt)
SMA412B