2001 NISSAN X-TRAIL engine coolant

TERMINOLOGY
GI-45
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MB
GI
TERMINOLOGYPFP:00011
SAE J1930 Terminology List EAS000GH
All emission related terms used in this publication in accordance with SAE J1930 are listed. Accordingly, new
terms, new acronyms/abbreviations and old terms are listed in the following chart.
NEW TERMNEW ACRONYM /
ABBREVIATIONOLD TERM
Air cleaner ACL Air cleaner
Barometric pressure BARO ***
Barometric pressure sensor-BCDD BAROS-BCDD BCDD
Camshaft position CMP ***
Camshaft position sensor CMPS Crank angle sensor
Canister *** Canister
Carburetor CARB Carburetor
Charge air cooler CAC Intercooler
Closed loop CL Closed loop
Closed throttle position switch CTP switch Idle switch
Clutch pedal position switch CPP switch Clutch switch
Continuous fuel injection system CFI system ***
Continuous trap oxidizer system CTOX system ***
Crankshaft position CKP ***
Crankshaft position sensor CKPS ***
Data link connector DLC ***
Data link connector for CONSULT-II DLC for CONSULT-II Diagnostic connector for CONSULT-II
Diagnostic test mode DTM Diagnostic mode
Diagnostic test mode selector DTM selector Diagnostic mode selector
Diagnostic test mode I DTM I Mode I
Diagnostic test mode II DTM II Mode II
Diagnostic trouble code DTC Malfunction code
Direct fuel injection system DFI system ***
Distributor ignition system DI system Ignition timing control
Early fuel evaporation-mixture heater EFE-mixture heater Mixture heater
Early fuel evaporation system EFE system Mixture heater control
Electrically erasable programmable read
only memoryEEPROM ***
Electronic ignition system EI system Ignition timing control
Engine control EC ***
Engine control module ECM ECCS control unit
Engine coolant temperature ECT Engine temperature
Engine coolant temperature sensor ECTS Engine temperature sensor
Engine modification EM ***
Engine speed RPM Engine speed
Erasable programmable read only memory EPROM ***
Evaporative emission canister EVAP canister Canister
Evaporative emission system EVAP system Canister control solenoid valve
Exhaust gas recirculation valve EGR valve EGR valve

EM-1
ENGINE MECHANICAL
B ENGINE
CONTENTS
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
SECTION
A
EM
ENGINE MECHANICAL
QR
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 5
Precautions for Drain Engine Coolant ...................... 5
Precautions for Disconnecting Fuel Piping .............. 5
Precautions for Removal and Disassembly ............. 5
Precautions for Inspection, Repair and Replace-
ment ......................................................................... 5
Precautions for Assembly and Installation ............... 5
Parts Requiring Angular Tightening ......................... 5
Precautions For Liquid Gasket ................................. 6
REMOVAL OF LIQUID GASKET .......................... 6
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE ..... 6
PREPARATION ........................................................... 7
Special Service Tools ............................................... 7
Commercial Service Tools ........................................ 8
NOISE, VIBRATION, AND HARSHNESS (NVH)
TROUBLESHOOTING .............................................. 10
NVH Troubleshooting —Engine Noise ................... 10
Use the Chart Below to Help You Find the Cause
of the Symptom. ...................................................... 11
DRIVE BELTS ........................................................... 12
Checking Drive Belts .............................................. 12
Tension Adjustment ................................................ 12
Removal and Installation ........................................ 12
REMOVAL ........................................................... 12
INSTALLATION ................................................... 13
Removal and Installation of Drive Belt Auto-Ten-
sioner ..................................................................... 13
REMOVAL ........................................................... 13
INSTALLATION ................................................... 13
AIR CLEANER AND AIR DUCT ............................... 14
Removal and Installation ........................................ 14
REMOVAL ........................................................... 14
INSTALLATION ................................................... 14
CHANGING AIR CLEANER FILTER ................... 15INTAKE MANIFOLD ................................................. 16
Removal and Installation ........................................ 16
QR20DE .............................................................. 16
QR25DE .............................................................. 17
REMOVAL ........................................................... 17
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ....................... 20
INSTALLATION ................................................... 20
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 22
EXHAUST MANIFOLD AND THREE WAY CATA-
LYST .......................................................................... 24
Removal and Installation ........................................ 24
REMOVAL ........................................................... 24
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ....................
... 25
INSTALLATION ................................................... 25
OIL PAN AND OIL STRAINER ................................. 26
Removal and Installation ........................................ 26
REMOVAL ........................................................... 26
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ....................... 27
INSTALLATION ................................................... 27
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 28
IGNITION COIL ......................................................... 29
Removal and Installation ........................................ 29
REMOVAL ........................................................... 29
INSTALLATION ................................................... 29
SPARK PLUG ........................................................... 30
Removal and Installation ........................................ 30
REMOVAL ........................................................... 30
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ....................... 30
INSTALLATION ................................................... 31
FUEL INJECTOR AND FUEL TUBE ........................ 32
Removal and Installation ........................................ 32
QR20DE .............................................................. 32
QR25DE .............................................................. 32
REMOVAL ........................................................... 33
INSTALLATION ................................................... 33
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 34
ROCKER COVER ..................................................... 35
Removal and Installation ........................................ 35
REMOVAL ........................................................... 35
INSTALLATION ................................................... 36

EM-2
TIMING CHAIN .......................................................... 37
Removal and Installation ........................................ 37
REMOVAL ........................................................... 38
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ........................ 41
INSTALLATION .................................................... 41
CAMSHAFT ............................................................... 46
Removal and Installation ........................................ 46
REMOVAL ........................................................... 46
INSTALLATION .................................................... 48
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ........................ 51
Valve Clearance ...................................................... 53
INSPECTION ....................................................... 53
ADJUSTMENT .................................................... 54
OIL SEAL .................................................................. 56
Removal and Installation of Valve Oil Seal ............. 56
REMOVAL ........................................................... 56
INSTALLATION .................................................... 56
Removal and Installation of Front Oil Seal ............. 56
REMOVAL ........................................................... 56
INSTALLATION .................................................... 57
Removal and Installation of Rear Oil Seal .............. 57
REMOVAL ........................................................... 57
INSTALLATION .................................................... 57
CYLINDER HEAD .................................................. ... 59
On-Vehicle Service ................................................. 59
CHECKING COMPRESSION PRESSURE ......... 59
Removal and Installation ........................................ 60
REMOVAL ........................................................... 60
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ........................ 61
INSTALLATION .................................................... 61
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 62
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 63
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 63
Inspection After Disassembly ................................. 64
CYLINDER HEAD DISTORTION ........................ 64
VALVE DIMENSIONS .......................................... 64
VALVE GUIDE CLEARANCE .............................. 65
VALVE GUIDE REPLACEMENT ......................... 65
VALVE SEAT CONTACT ..................................... 66
VALVE SEAT REPLACEMENT ........................... 66
VALVE SPRING SQUARENESS ......................... 67
VALVE SPRING DIMENSIONS AND VALVE
SPRING PRESSURE LOAD ............................... 68
ENGINE ASSEMBLY ................................................ 69
Removal and Installation ........................................ 69
REMOVAL .......................................................
.... 69
INSTALLATION .................................................... 71
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 71
CYLINDER BLOCK ................................................... 73
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 73
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 74
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 78
How to Select Piston and Bearing .......................... 82
DESCRIPTION .................................................... 82
HOW TO SELECT PISTON ................................. 83
HOW TO SELECT CONNECTING ROD BEAR-
ING ...................................................................... 83HOW TO SELECT MAIN BEARING .................... 85
Inspection After Disassembly .................................. 88
CRANKSHAFT END PLAY .................................. 88
CONNECTING ROD SIDE CLEARANCE ........... 89
PISTON AND PISTON PIN CLEARANCE ........... 89
PISTON RING SIDE CLEARANCE ..................... 90
PISTON RING END GAP .................................... 90
CONNECTING ROD BEND AND TORSION ....... 91
CONNECTING ROD BEARING (BIG END) ........ 91
CONNECTING ROD BUSHING OIL CLEAR-
ANCE (SMALL END) ........................................... 91
CYLINDER BLOCK DISTORTION ...................... 92
INNER DIAMETER OF MAIN BEARING HOUS-
ING ....................................................................... 93
PISTON TO CYLINDER BORE CLEARANCE .... 93
OUTER DIAMETER OF CRANKSHAFT JOUR-
NAL ...................................................................... 94
OUTER DIAMETER OF CRANKSHAFT PIN ...... 94
OUT-OF-ROUND AND TAPER OF CRANK-
SHAFT ................................................................. 94
CRANKSHAFT RUNOUT .................................... 95
CONNECTING ROD BEARING OIL CLEAR-
ANCE ................................................................... 95
MAIN BEARING OIL CLEARANCE ..................... 95
MAIN BEARING CRUSH HEIGHT ...................... 96
OUTER DIAMETER OF LOWER CYLINDER
BLOCK MOUNTING BOLT .................................. 96
OUTER DIAMETER OF CONNECTING ROD
BOLT .................................................................... 96
MOVEMENT AMOUNT OF FLYWHEEL (M/T
MODELS) ............................................................. 97
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 98
Standard and Limit .................................................. 98
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS ............................. 98
DRIVE BELTS ...................................................... 98
INTAKE MANIFOLD AND EXHAUST MANI-
FOLD ................................................................... 98
SPARK PLUG ...................................................... 98
CYLINDER HEAD ................................................ 98
VALVE .................................................................. 99
CAMSHAFT AND CAMSHAFT BEARING .........102
CYLINDER BLOCK ............................................102
PISTON, PISTON RING AND PISTON PIN .....
.103
CONNECTING ROD ..........................................104
CRANKSHAFT ...................................................105
MAIN BEARING .................................................106
CONNECTING ROD BEARING .........................107
Tightening Torque .................................................108
YD22DDTi
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................110
Precautions for Drain Engine Coolant ...................110
Precautions for Disconnecting Fuel Piping ...........110
Precautions for Removal and Disassembly ..........110
Precautions for Inspection, Repair and Replace-
ment ......................................................................110
Precautions for Assembly and Installation ............110

PRECAUTIONS
EM-5
[QR]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
EM
[QR]PRECAUTIONSPFP:00001
Precautions for Drain Engine CoolantEBS00KN0
Drain engine coolant when engine is cooled.
Precautions for Disconnecting Fuel PipingEBS00KN1
●Before starting work, make sure no fire or spark producing items are in the work area.
●Release fuel pressure before disassembly.
●After disconnecting pipes, plug openings to stop fuel leakage.
Precautions for Removal and DisassemblyEBS00KN2
●When instructed to use special service tools, use the specified tools. Always be careful to work safely,
avoid forceful or uninstructed operations.
●Exercise maximum care to avoid damage to mating or sliding surfaces.
●Cover openings of engine system with tape or the equivalent, if necessary, to seal out foreign materials.
●Mark and arrange disassembly parts in an organized way for easy troubleshooting and re-assembly.
●When loosening nuts and bolts, as a basic rule, start with the one furthest outside, then the one diagonally
opposite, and so on. If the order of loosening is specified, do exactly as specified.
Precautions for Inspection, Repair and ReplacementEBS00KN3
Before repairing or replacing, thoroughly inspect parts. Inspect new replacement parts in the same way, and
replace if necessary.
Precautions for Assembly and InstallationEBS00MRZ
●Use torque wrench to tighten bolts or nuts to specification.
●When tightening nuts and bolts, as a basic rule, equally tighten in several different steps starting with the
ones in center, then ones on inside and outside diagonally in this order. If the order of tightening is speci-
fied, do exactly as specified.
●Replace with new gasket, packing, oil seal or O-ring.
●Thoroughly wash, clean, and air-blow each part. Carefully check oil or coolant passages for any restriction
and blockage.
●Avoid damaging sliding or mating surfaces. Completely remove foreign materials such as cloth lint or dust.
Before assembly, oil sliding surfaces well.
●Release air within route when refilling after draining coolant.
●Before starting engine, apply fuel pressure to fuel lines with turning ignition switch ON (with engine
stopped). Then mark sure that there are no leaks at fuel line connections.
●After repairing, start engine and increase engine speed to check coolant, fuel, oil, and exhaust systems
for leakage.
Parts Requiring Angular TighteningEBS00KN5
●Use an angle wrench for the final tightening of the following engine parts.
–Cylinder head bolts
–Lower cylinder block bolts
–Connecting rod cap bolts
–Crankshaft pulley bolt (No angle wrench is required as the bolt flange is provided with notches for angular
tightening)
●Do not use a torque value for final tightening.
●The torque value for these parts are for a preliminary step.
●Ensure thread and seat surfaces are clean and coated with engine oil.

EM-6
[QR]
PRECAUTIONS
Precautions For Liquid Gasket
EBS00MRW
REMOVAL OF LIQUID GASKET
●After removing the mounting bolts and nuts, separate the mating
surface using a seal cutter and remove the old liquid gasket
sealing.
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage the mating surfaces.
●In areas where the cutter is difficult to use, use a plastic hammer
to lightly tap the areas where the liquid gasket is applied.
CAUTION:
If for some unavoidable reason a tool such as a flat-blade
screwdriver is used, be careful not to damage the mating
surfaces.
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE
1. Using a scraper, remove the old liquid gasket adhering to the liq-
uid gasket application surface and the mating surface.
●Remove the liquid gasket completely from the groove of the
liquid gasket application surface, mounting bolts and bolt
holes.
2. Wipe the liquid gasket application surface and the mating sur-
face with white gasoline (lighting and heating use) to remove
adhering moisture, grease and foreign materials.
3. Attach the liquid gasket to the tube presser.
Use Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
4. Apply the liquid gasket without breaks to the specified location
with the specified dimensions.
●If there is a groove for the liquid gasket application, apply the
liquid gasket to the groove.
●As for the bolt holes, normally apply the liquid gasket inside
the holes. If specified, it should be applied outside the holes.
Make sure to read the instruction in this manual.
●Within five minutes of liquid gasket application, install the mat-
ing component.
●If the liquid gasket protrudes, wipe it off immediately.
●Do not retighten after the installation.
●After 30 minutes or more have passed from the installation, fill
the engine oil and engine coolant.
CAUTION:
If there are instructions in this manual, observe them.
PBIC0275E
PBIC0003E
EMA0622D
SEM159F

INTAKE MANIFOLD
EM-17
[QR]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
EM
QR25DE
REMOVAL
WARNING:
To avoid the danger of being scalded, never drain the coolant when the engine is hot.
1. Disconnect mass air flow sensor harness connector from mass air flow sensor and clamp.
2. Release fuel pressure. Refer to EC-775, "
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR20DE (WITH EURO-OBD)],
EC-1139, "
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR20DE (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)], EC-42, "FUEL PRES-
SURE RELEASE" [QR25DE (WITH EURO-OBD)] or EC-452, "FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR25DE
(WITHOUT EURO-OBD)].
3. Remove air cleaner case and air duct assembly. Refer to EM-14, "
AIR CLEANER AND AIR DUCT" .
4. Drain coolant when engine is cooled. Refer to CO-9, "
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
SBIA0229E
1. Bracket 2. PCV hose 3. Intake manifold collector
4. Gasket 5. Electric throttle control actuator 6. Intake manifold support
7.EVAP canister purge volume control
solenoid valve8. Vacuum hose 9. Intake manifold
10. Vacuum reservoir tank 11. VIAS control solenoid valve

EM-38
[QR]
TIMING CHAIN
REMOVAL
1. Remove the parts listed below.
●Engine hood
●Engine undercover
●PCV hose
●Ignition coil; Refer to EM-29, "IGNITION COIL" .
●Rocker cover; Refer to EM-35, "ROCKER COVER" .
●Engine coolant reservoir tank
●Drive belt; Refer to EM-12, "REMOVAL" .
●Alternator
●Drive belt auto-tensioner; Refer to EM-13, "REMOVAL" .
●Exhaust front tube; Refer to EX-2, "Removal and Installation" .
2. Remove A/C compressor from engine. Temporarily secure A/C compressor to vehicle side with a rope to
avoid putting a load on them.
3. Remove bracket mounting bolts for fixing A/C piping on right strut housing and exhaust manifold cover.
Doing so simplifies moving.
4. Move power steering pump with piping connected, and secure it to vehicle side temporarily.
5. Pull power steering reservoir tank out of brackets to move power steering piping.
CAUTION:
To avoid power steering fluid leakage, temporarily fix reservoir tank vertically.
6. Suspend engine with a hoist, and support the engine posture.
For installation of engine slingers, refer to EM-69, "
ENGINE ASSEMBLY" .
7. Remove RH engine mount insulator.
8. Remove center member and rear engine mounting bracket.
9. Drain engine oil.
10. Remove oil pan upper and lower, and oil strainer. Refer to EM-26, "
OIL PAN AND OIL STRAINER" .
11. Remove intake valve timing control cover.
a. Loosen bolts in reverse order shown in the figure.
b. Remove the cover using Tool (Seal cutter).
CAUTION:
Be careful not to damage mounting surface.
12. Pull chain guide between camshaft sprockets out through front
cover.
13. Set No. 1 cylinder at TDC on its compression stroke with the fol-
lowing procedure.
a. Rotate crankshaft pulley clockwise and align mating marks to
timid indicator on front cover.
KBIA0085E
KBIA0190E

EM-60
[QR]
CYLINDER HEAD
●If the engine speed is out of specified range, check battery liquid for proper gravity. Check engine
speed again with normal battery gravity.
●If compression pressure is below minimum value, check valve clearances and parts associated with
combustion chamber (Valve, valve seat, piston, piston ring, cylinder bore, cylinder head, cylinder head
gasket). After the checking, measure compression pressure again.
●If some cylinders have low compression pressure, pour small amount of engine oil into the spark plug
hole of the cylinder to re-check it for compression.
–If the added engine oil improves the compression, the piston rings may be worn out or damaged. Check
the piston rings and replace if necessary.
–If the compression pressure remains at low level despite the addition of engine oil, the valves may be
malfunctioning. Check the valves for damage. Replace the valve or valve seat accordingly.
●If two adjacent cylinders have respectively low compression pressure and their compression remains
low even after the addition of engine oil, the gaskets are leaking. In such a case, replace the cylinder
head gaskets.
8. Install spark plug, ignition coil and harness connectors.
Removal and InstallationEBS00KNQ
REMOVAL
1. Release fuel pressure. Refer to EC-775, "FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR20DE (WITH EURO-OBD)],
EC-1139, "
FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR20DE (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)], EC-42, "FUEL PRES-
SURE RELEASE" [QR25DE (WITH EURO-OBD)] or EC-452, "FUEL PRESSURE RELEASE" [QR25DE
(WITHOUT EURO-OBD)].
2. Drain engine coolant and engine oil.
3. Remove the following components and related parts.
●Engine hood and engine undercover.
●Air cleaner case and air duct assembly; Refer to EM-14, "AIR CLEANER AND AIR DUCT" .
●Ignition coils; Refer to EM-29, "IGNITION COIL" .
●Rocker cover; Refer to EM-35, "ROCKER COVER" .
●Engine coolant reservoir tank
●Drive belt; Refer to EM-12, "REMOVAL" .
●Alternator
●Drive belt auto-tensioner; Refer to EM-13, "REMOVAL" .
●Exhaust front tube; Refer to EX-2, "Removal and Installation" .
●Exhaust manifold; Refer to EM-24, "EXHAUST MANIFOLD AND THREE WAY CATALYST" .
KBIA0250E
1. Cylinder head assembly 2. Cylinder head gasket 3. Cylinder head bolt