2001 NISSAN ALMERA cooling

parts. Apply petroleum jelly to protect O-rings and seals, or
hold bearings and washers in place during assembly. Do not
use grease.
+Extreme care should be taken to avoid damage to O-rings,
seals and gaskets when assembling.
+After overhaul, refill the transaxle with new ATF.
+When the A/T drain plug is removed, only some of the fluid is
drained. Old A/T fluid will remain in torque converter and ATF
cooling system.
Always follow the procedures under ªChanging A/T Fluidº in the
AT section when changing A/T fluid. Refer to ªChanging A/T
Fluidº, AT-15.
Service Notice or PrecautionsNJAT0247FAIL-SAFENJAT0247S01The TCM has an electronic Fail-Safe (limp home mode). This allows the vehicle to be driven even if a major
electrical input/output device circuit is damaged.
Under Fail-Safe, the vehicle always runs in third gear, even with a shift lever position of ª1º, ª2º or ªDº. The
customer may complain of sluggish or poor acceleration.
When the ignition key is turned ªONº following Fail-Safe operation, O/D OFF indicator lamp blinks for about
8 seconds. (For GENERAL AND EXCEPT FOR EURO-OBD; ªSELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE (WITHOUT
CONSULT-II)º, refer to AT-44 and for EURO-OBD; ªTCM SELF-DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE (No Tools)º, refer
to AT-63.)
Fail-Safe may occur without electrical circuit damage if the vehicle is driven under extreme conditions (such
as excessive wheel spin followed by sudden braking). To recover normal shift pattern, turn the ignition key
ªOFFº for 5 seconds, then ªONº.
The blinking of the O/D OFF indicator lamp for about 8 seconds will appear only once and be cleared. The
customer may resume normal driving conditions.
Always follow the ªWORK FLOWº [Refer to AT-73 (General and except for Euro-OBD), AT-78 (EURO-OBD).]
The SELF-DIAGNOSIS results will be as follows:
The first SELF-DIAGNOSIS will indicate damage to the vehicle speed sensor or the revolution sensor.
During the next SELF-DIAGNOSIS, performed after checking the sensor, no damages will be indicated.
TORQUE CONVERTER SERVICENJAT0247S02The torque converter should be replaced under any of the following conditions:
+External leaks in the hub weld area.
+Converter hub is scored or damaged.
+Converter pilot is broken, damaged or fits poorly into crankshaft.
+Steel particles are found after flushing the cooler and cooler lines.
+Pump is damaged or steel particles are found in the converter.
+Vehicle has TCC shudder and/or no TCC apply. Replace only after all hydraulic and electrical diagnoses
have been made. (Converter clutch material may be glazed.)
+Converter is contaminated with engine coolant containing antifreeze.
+Internal failure of stator roller clutch.
+Heavy clutch debris due to overheating (blue converter).
+Steel particles or clutch lining material found in fluid filter or on magnet when no internal parts in unit are
worn or damaged Ð indicates that lining material came from converter.
PRECAUTIONS
Precautions (Cont'd)
AT-9

SMA827CA
Checking A/T FluidNJAT02281. Warm up engine.
2. Check for fluid leakage.
3. Before driving, fluid level can be checked at fluid temperatures
of 30 to 50ÉC (86 to 122ÉF) using ªCOLDº range on dipstick.
a. Park vehicle on level surface and set parking brake.
b. Start engine and move selector lever through each gear posi-
tion. Leave selector lever in ªPº position.
c. Check fluid level with engine idling.
d. Remove dipstick and note reading. If level is at low side of
either range, and fluid to the charging pipe.
e. Re-insert dipstick into charging pipe as far as it will go.
f. Remove dipstick and note reading. If reading is at low side of
range, add fluid to the charging pipe.
Do not overfill.
4. Drive vehicle for approximately 5 minutes in urban areas.
5. Re-check fluid level at fluid temperatures of 50 to 80ÉC (122
to 176ÉF) using ªHOTº range on dipstick.
SMA853B
6. Check fluid condition.
+If fluid is very dark or smells burned, refer to AT section for
checking operation of A/T. Flush cooling system after repair of
A/T.
+If A/T fluid contains frictional material (clutches, bands, etc.),
replace radiator and flush cooler line using cleaning solvent
and compressed air after repair of A/T. Refer to LC-16, ªRadia-
torº.
SMA027D
Changing A/T FluidNJAT02291. Warm up A/T fluid.
2. Stop engine.
3. Drain A/T fluid from drain plug and refill with new A/T fluid.
Always refill same volume with drained fluid.
Fluid grade:
Nissan Matic ªDº or Genuine Nissan Automatic
Transmission Fluid. Refer to ªRECOMMENDED FLU-
IDS AND LUBRICANTSº, MA-16.
Fluid capacity (With torque converter):
7.0!(6-1/8 Imp qt)
Drain plug:
: 29 - 39 N´m (3.0 - 4.0 kg-m, 22 - 29 ft-lb)
4. Run engine at idle speed for five minutes.
5. Check fluid level and condition. Refer to ªChecking A/T Fluidº.
If fluid is still dirty, repeat steps 2 through 5.
A/T FLUID
Checking A/T Fluid
AT-15

DTC Confirmation Procedure ..................................400
Wiring Diagram ........................................................402
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................403
Component Inspection .............................................404
DTC P1217 OVERHEAT (COOLING SYSTEM).........406
System Description ..................................................406
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................406
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................407
On Board Diagnosis Logic.......................................407
Overall Function Check ...........................................408
Wiring Diagram ........................................................409
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................410
Main 12 Causes of Overheating..............................416
Component Inspection .............................................416
DTC P1401 EGR TEMPERATURE SENSOR
(WHERE FITTED)........................................................418
Component Description ...........................................418
On Board Diagnosis Logic.......................................418
DTC Confirmation Procedure ..................................418
Wiring Diagram ........................................................421
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................423
Component Inspection .............................................424
DTC P1402 EGR FUNCTION (OPEN) (WHERE
FITTED)........................................................................425
Description ...............................................................425
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................426
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................426
On Board Diagnosis Logic.......................................426
DTC Confirmation Procedure ..................................427
Wiring Diagram ........................................................429
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................431
Component Inspection .............................................432
DTC P1605 A/T DIAGNOSIS COMMUNICATION
LINE.............................................................................434
System Description ..................................................434
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................434
On Board Diagnosis Logic.......................................434
DTC Confirmation Procedure ..................................434
Wiring Diagram ........................................................435
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................436
DTC P1706 PARK/NEUTRAL POSITION (PNP)
SWITCH.......................................................................437
Component Description ...........................................437
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................437
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................437
On Board Diagnosis Logic.......................................437
DTC Confirmation Procedure ..................................437
Overall Function Check ...........................................438
Wiring Diagram ........................................................439Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................440
INTAKE AIR TEMPERATURE SENSOR....................442
Component Description ...........................................442
Wiring Diagram ........................................................444
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................446
Component Inspection .............................................448
HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR 1 (FRONT)...................450
Component Description ...........................................450
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................450
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................450
Wiring Diagram ........................................................451
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................453
Component Inspection .............................................455
HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR 1 HEATER (FRONT)...457
Description ...............................................................457
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................457
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................457
Wiring Diagram ........................................................458
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................460
Component Inspection .............................................461
HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR 2 (REAR).....................462
Component Description ...........................................462
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................462
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................462
Wiring Diagram ........................................................463
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................465
Component Inspection .............................................467
HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR 2 HEATER (REAR).....469
Description ...............................................................469
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................469
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................469
Wiring Diagram ........................................................470
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................472
Component Inspection .............................................474
SWIRL CONTROL VALVE CONTROL SYSTEM
(WHERE FITTED)........................................................475
Description ...............................................................475
CONSULT-II Reference Value in Data Monitor
Mode ........................................................................475
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................476
Component Description ...........................................476
Wiring Diagram ........................................................477
Diagnostic Procedure ..............................................478
Component Inspection .............................................482
CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR (POS)...............484
Component Description ...........................................484
ECM Terminals and Reference Value .....................484
Wiring Diagram ........................................................485
CONTENTS(Cont'd)
EC-5

System ChartNJEC0013
Input (Sensor) ECM Function Output (Actuator)
+Camshaft position sensor (PHASE)
+Crankshaft position sensor (POS)
+Mass air flow sensor
+Engine coolant temperature sensor
+Heated oxygen sensor 1 (front)
+Ignition switch
+Throttle position sensor
+PNP switch
+Air conditioner switch
+Knock sensor
+EGR temperature sensor*1, *4
+Fuel tank temperature sensor*1, *4
+Battery voltage
+Power steering oil pressure switch
+Vehicle speed sensor
+Intake air temperature sensor
+Heated oxygen sensor 2 (rear)*2
+TCM (Transmission Control Module)*3
+Closed throttle position switch
+Electrical load
+Refrigerant pressure sensorFuel injection & mixture ratio control Injectors
Electronic ignition system Power transistor
Idle air control system IACV-AAC valve
Intake valve timing controlIntake valve timing control sole-
noid valve
Fuel pump control Fuel pump relay
On board diagnostic systemMalfunction indicator
(On the instrument panel)
EGR control*4 EGR volume control valve*4
Heated oxygen sensor 1/2 heater (front/
rear) controlHeated oxygen sensor 1/2 heater
(front/rear)
EVAP canister purge flow controlEVAP canister purge volume con-
trol solenoid valve
Cooling fan control Cooling fan relay
Air conditioning cut control Air conditioner relay
Swirl control valve control*4Swirl control valve control sole-
noid*4
*1: These sensors are not used to control the engine system. They are used only for the on board diagnosis.
*2: Under normal conditions, this sensor is not for engine control operation.
*3: The DTC related to A/T will be sent to ECM.
*4: If so equipped
ENGINE AND EMISSION CONTROL OVERALL SYSTEMQG
System Chart
EC-31

h)Fuel pressure
i)Engine compression
j)EGR valve operation
k)Throttle valve
l)EVAP system
+On models equipped with air conditioner, checks should
be carried out while the air conditioner is ªOFFº.
+When checking idle speed on models equipped with A/T,
ignition timing and mixture ratio, checks should be carried
out while shift lever is in ªPº or ªNº position.
+When measuring ªCOº percentage, insert probe more
than 40 cm (15.7 in) into tail pipe.
+Turn off headlamps, heater blower, rear window defogger.
+On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set
lighting switch to the 1st position to light only small
lamps.
+Keep front wheels pointed straight ahead.
+If engine stops immediately after starting or idle condition
is unstable, perform the following to initialize IACV-AAC
valve:
a)Stop engine and wait 9 seconds.
b)Turn ignition ªONº and wait 1 second.
c)Turn ignition ªOFFº and wait 9 seconds.
+Make sure the cooling fan has stopped.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREQG
Preparation (Cont'd)
EC-45

SEF217Z
SEF454Y
SEF455Y
Idle Air Volume LearningNJEC0562DESCRIPTIONNJEC0562S01ªIdle Air Volume Learningº is an operation to learn the idle air vol-
ume that keeps each engine within the specific range. It must be
performed under any of the following conditions:
+Each time IACV-AAC valve, throttle body or ECM is replaced.
+Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PRE-CONDITIONINGNJEC0562S02Before performing ªIdle Air Volume Learningº, make sure that all of
the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are
missed for even a moment.
+Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)
+Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 99ÉC (158 - 210ÉF)
+PNP switch: ON
+Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting
switch to the 1st position to light only small lamps.
+Cooling fan motor: Not operating
+Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)
+Vehicle speed: Stopped
+Transmission: Warmed-up
For A/T models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until ªFLUID
TEMP SEº in ªDATA MONITORº mode of ªA/Tº system indi-
cates less than 0.9V.
For A/T models without CONSULT-II and M/T models, drive
vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURENJEC0562S03With CONSULT-IINJEC0562S03011. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
2. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 10 seconds.
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic ªPRE-CONDITION-
INGº (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Turn ignition switch ªOFFº and wait at least 9 seconds.
6. Start the engine and let it idle for at least 28 seconds.
7. Select ªIDLE AIR VOL LEARNº in ªWORK SUPPORTº mode.
8. Touch ªSTARTº and wait 20 seconds.
9. Make sure that ªCMPLTº is displayed on CONSULT-II screen.
If ªINCMPº is displayed, ªIdle Air Volume Learningº will not be
carried out successfully. In this case, find the cause of the
problem by referring to the NOTE below.
10. Rev up the engine two or three times. Make sure that idle
speed and ignition timing are within specifications.
ITEM SPECIFICATION
Idle speed M/T: 700±50 rpm
A/T: 800±50 rpm (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Ignition timing M/T: 8±5É BTDC
A/T: 10±5É BTDC (in ªPº or ªNº position)
Without CONSULT-IINJEC0562S03021. Turn ignition switch ªONº and wait at least 1 second.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREQG
Inspection Procedure (Cont'd)
EC-57

ItemDIAGNOSTIC TEST MODE
WORK
SUP-
PORTSELF-DIAGNOSTIC
RESULTS
D ATA
MONI-
TORD ATA
MONI-
TOR
(SPEC)ACTIVE
TESTDTC & SRT
CONFIRMATION
DTC*1FREEZE
FRAME
DATA*2SRT
STA-
TUSDTC
WORK
SUP-
PORT
ENGINE CONTROL COMPONENT PARTS
OUT-
PUTInjectors X X X
Power transistor (Ignition tim-
ing)X*3
(misfire)XXX
IACV-AAC valve X X*3 X X X
Intake valve timing control
solenoid valveXXX
EVAP canister purge volume
control solenoid valveX*3 X X X
Air conditioner relay X X
Fuel pump relay X X X X
EGR volume control valve*4 X*3 X X X X*3
Heated oxygen sensor 1
heater (front)X*3 X X X*3
Heated oxygen sensor 2
heater (rear)X*3 X X X*3
Cooling fan X X X
Swirl control valve control
solenoid valve*4X*3 X X X
Calculated load value X X X
X: Applicable
*1: This item includes 1st trip DTCs.
*2: This mode includes 1st trip freeze frame data or freeze frame data. The items appear on CONSULT-II screen in freeze frame data
mode only if a 1st trip DTC or DTC is detected. For details, refer to EC-61, EC-72.
*3: Not applicable for models without Euro-OBD system
*4: If so equipped
FUNCTIONNJEC0034S03
Diagnostic test mode Function
Work supportThis mode enables a technician to adjust some devices faster and more accurately by following the
indications on the CONSULT-II unit.
Self-diagnostic resultsSelf-diagnostic results such as 1st trip DTC, DTCs and 1st trip freeze frame data or freeze frame
data can be read and erased quickly.*1
Data monitor Input/Output data in the ECM can be read.
Data monitor (spec)Input/Output specifications of the basic fuel schedule, AFM, A/F feedback control value and the
other data monitor items can be read.
Active testDiagnostic Test Mode in which CONSULT-II drives some actuators apart from the ECMs and also
shifts some parameters in a specified range.
DTC and SRT confirmation The status of system monitoring tests and the self-diagnosis status/result can be confirmed.
ECM part number ECM part numbers can be read.
*1 The following emission-related diagnostic information is cleared when the ECM memory is erased.
1) Diagnostic trouble codes
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
EC-85

Monitored item [Unit]ECM
input
signalsMain
signalsDescription Remarks
IGN TIMING [BTDC]j+Indicates the ignition timing computed by
ECM according to the input signals.
CAL/LD VALUE [%]+ªCalculated load valueº indicates the value
of the current airflow divided by peak air-
flow.
ABSOL TH.P/S [%]+ªAbsolute throttle position sensorº indicates
the throttle opening computed by ECM
according to the signal voltage of the
throttle position sensor.
MASS AIRFLOW
[gm/s]+Indicates the mass airflow computed by
ECM according to the signal voltage of the
mass air flow sensor.
IACV-AAC/V [step]j+Indicates the IACV-AAC valve control value
computed by ECM according to the input
signals.
PURG VOL C/V [%]+Indicates the EVAP canister purge volume
control solenoid valve computed by the
ECM according to the inpuct signals.
+The opening becomes larger as the value
increases.
EGR VOL CON/V
[step]*j+Indicates the EGR volume control valve
computed by the ECM according to the
input signals.
+The opening becomes larger as the value
increases.
SWRL CONT S/V
[ON/OFF]*+The control condition of the swirl control
valve control solenoid valve (determined by
ECM according to the input signals) is indi-
cated.
+ON ... Swirl control valve is closed.
OFF ... Swirl control valve is opened.
INT/V SOL-B1
[ON/OFF]+The control condition of the valve timing
solenoid valve (determined by ECM accord-
ing to the input signal) is indicated.
ON ... Intake valve timing control operating
OFF ... Intake valve timing control not oper-
ating
AIR COND RLY
[ON/OFF]j+Indicates the air conditioner relay control
condition determined by ECM according to
the input signals.
FUEL PUMP RLY
[ON/OFF]j+Indicates the fuel pump relay control condi-
tion determined by ECM according to the
input signals.
COOLING FAN
[ON/OFF]j+Indicates [ON/OFF] control condition of the
cooling fan determined by ECM according
to the input signals.
HO2S1 HTR (B1)
[ON/OFF]+Indicates [ON/OFF] condition of heated oxy-
gen sensor 1 heater (front) determined by
ECM according to the input signals.
HO2S2 HTR (B1)
[ON/OFF]+Indicates [ON/OFF] condition of heated oxy-
gen sensor 2 heater (rear) determined by
ECM according to the input signals.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
CONSULT-II (Cont'd)
EC-89