2001 NISSAN ALMERA ECU

SEF706Y
Engine Fuel & Emission Control System=NJEC0004+Always use a 12 volt battery as power source.
+Do not attempt to disconnect battery cables while engine
is running.
+Before connecting or disconnecting the ECM harness
connector, turn ignition switch OFF and disconnect nega-
tive battery terminal. Failure to do so may damage the
ECM because battery voltage is applied to ECM even if
ignition switch is turned off.
SEF707Y
+Do not disassemble ECM.
+If a battery terminal is disconnected, the memory will
return to the ECM value.
The ECM will now start to self-control at its initial value.
Engine operation can vary slightly when the terminal is
disconnected. However, this is not an indication of a prob-
lem. Do not replace parts because of a slight variation.
SEF908W
+When connecting or disconnecting ECM harness
connector, use lever as shown.
When connecting, fasten connector securely with lever
moved until it stops.
SEF291H
+When connecting or disconnecting pin connectors into or
from ECM, take care not to damage pin terminals (bend or
break).
Make sure that there are not any bends or breaks on ECM
pin terminals when connecting pin connectors.
+Securely connect ECM harness connectors.
A Poor connection can cause an extremely high (surge)
voltage to develop in coil and condenser, thus resulting in
damage to ICs.
+Keep ECM harness at least 10 cm (4 in) away from adja-
cent harness, to prevent an ECM system malfunctions due
to receiving external noise, degraded operation of ICs, etc.
+Keep ECM parts and harness dry.
PRECAUTIONSQG
Engine Fuel & Emission Control System
EC-17

If results are unsatisfactory, perform Fuel Pressure Regulator
Check, EC-41.
SEF718B
Fuel Pressure Regulator CheckNJEC00261. Stop engine and disconnect fuel pressure regulator vacuum
hose from intake manifold.
2. Plug intake manifold with a rubber cap.
3. Connect variable vacuum source to fuel pressure regulator.
4. Start engine and read indication of fuel pressure gauge as
vacuum is changed.
Fuel pressure should decrease as vacuum increases. If results
are unsatisfactory, replace fuel pressure regulator.
JEF088Y
SEF927W
Injector
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATIONNJEC00271. Release fuel pressure to zero.
2. Remove fuel tube assemblies in numerical sequence as
shown in the Figure at left.
3. Expand and remove clips securing fuel injectors.
4. Extract fuel injectors straight from fuel tubes.
+Be careful not to damage injector nozzles during removal.
+Do not bump or drop fuel injectors.
5. Install fuel injectors.
Carefully install O-rings, including the one used with the pres-
sure regulator.
+Lubricate O-rings with a smear of engine oil.
+Be careful not to damage O-rings with service tools or
finger nails or clips. Do not expand or twist O-rings.
+Discard old clips; replace with new ones.
6. Position clips in grooves on fuel injectors.
+Make sure that protrusions of fuel injectors are aligned
with cutouts of clips after installation.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREQG
Fuel Pressure Regulator Check
EC-41

IntroductionNJEC0029MODELS WITH EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0029S01The ECM has an on board diagnostic system which detects malfunctions related to engine sensors or actua-
tors. The ECM also records various emission-related diagnostic information including:
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Mode 3 of ISO 15031-5
Freeze Frame data Mode 2 of ISO 15031-5
System Readiness Test (SRT) code Mode 1 of ISO 15031-5
1st Trip Diagnostic Trouble Code (1st Trip DTC) Mode 7 of ISO 15031-5
1st Trip Freeze Frame data
Test values and Test limits Mode 6 of ISO 15031-5
Calibration ID Mode 9 of ISO 15031-5
The above information can be checked using procedures listed in the table below.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
DTC 1st trip DTCFreeze Frame
data1st trip Freeze
Frame dataSRT code Test value
ECM*3 X X*1ÐÐÐÐ
CONSULT-IIXXXXXÐ
GST X X*2 X Ð X X
*1: When DTC and 1st trip DTC simultaneously appear on the display, they cannot be clearly distinguished from each other.
*2: 1st trip DTCs for self-diagnoses concerning SRT items cannot be shown on the GST display.
*3: In diagnostic test mode II (Self-diagnostic results), DTC is displayed on MI. DTC uses a set of four digit numbers. (If so equipped)
The malfunction indicator (MI) on the instrument panel lights up when the same malfunction is detected in two
consecutive trips (Two trip detection logic), or when the ECM enters fail-safe mode. (Refer to EC-154.)
MODELS WITHOUT EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0029S02The ECM has an on board diagnostic system, which detects malfunctions related to engine sensors or actua-
tors. The ECM also records various emission-related diagnostic information including:
Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC)
Freeze Frame data
1st Trip Diagnostic Trouble Code (1st Trip DTC)
1st Trip Freeze Frame data
The above information can be checked using procedures listed in the table below.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
DTC 1st trip DTC Freeze Frame data1st trip Freeze Frame
data
CONSULT-II X X X X
ECM*1 X X*2 Ð Ð
*1: In diagnostic test mode II (Self-diagnostic results), (1st trip) DTC is displayed on the MI by a set of four digit numbers.
*2: When the DTC and the 1st trip DTC appear on the display simultaneously, it is difficult to clearly distinguish one from the other.
Two Trip Detection LogicNJEC0030MODELS WITH EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0030S01When a malfunction is detected for the first time, 1st trip DTC and 1st trip Freeze Frame data are stored in
the ECM memory. The MI will not light up at this stage <1st trip>.
If the same malfunction is detected again during the next drive, the DTC and Freeze Frame data are stored
in the ECM memory, and the MI lights up. The MI lights up at the same time when the DTC is stored <2nd
trip>.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Introduction
EC-59

The ªtripº in the ªTwo Trip Detection Logicº means a driving mode in which self-diagnosis is performed during
vehicle operation. Specific on board diagnostic items will cause the ECM to light up or blink the MI, and store
DTC and Freeze Frame data, even in the 1st trip, as shown below.
X: Applicable Ð: Not applicable
ItemsMI DTC 1st trip DTC
1st trip 2nd trip
1st trip
displaying2nd trip
displaying1st trip
displaying2nd trip
displaying
BlinkingLighting
upBlinkingLighting
up
Misfire (Possible three way
catalyst damage)
Ð DTC: P0300 - P0304 is
being detectedX ÐÐÐÐÐ X Ð
Misfire (Possible three way
catalyst damage)
Ð DTC: P0300 - P0304 is
being detectedÐÐXÐÐXÐÐ
Fail-safe items (Refer to
EC-154.)Ð X Ð Ð X*1 Ð X*1 Ð
Except above Ð ÐÐXÐX XÐ
*1: Except ªECMº.
MODELS WITHOUT EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0030S02When a malfunction is detected for the first time, 1st trip DTC and 1st trip Freeze Frame data are stored in
the ECM memory. <1st trip>
If the same malfunction is detected again during the next drive, the DTC and Freeze Frame data are stored
in the ECM memory. <2nd trip> The ªtripº in the ªTwo Trip Detection Logicº means a driving mode in which
self-diagnosis is performed during vehicle operation. When the ECM enters the fail-safe mode (Refer to
EC-154), the DTC is stored in the ECM memory even in the 1st trip.
Emission-related Diagnostic InformationNJEC0031MODELS WITH EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0031S01DTC and 1st Trip DTCNJEC0031S0101The 1st trip DTC (whose number is the same as the DTC number) is displayed for the latest self-diagnostic
result obtained. If the ECM memory was cleared previously, and the 1st trip DTC did not reoccur, the 1st trip
DTC will not be displayed. If a malfunction is detected during the 1st trip, the 1st trip DTC is stored in the ECM
memory. The MI will not light up (two trip detection logic). If the same malfunction is not detected in the 2nd
trip (meeting the required driving pattern), the 1st trip DTC is cleared from the ECM memory. If the same mal-
function is detected in the 2nd trip, both the 1st trip DTC and DTC are stored in the ECM memory and the MI
lights up. In other words, the DTC is stored in the ECM memory and the MI lights up when the same malfunc-
tion occurs in two consecutive trips. If a 1st trip DTC is stored and a non-diagnostic operation is performed
between the 1st and 2nd trips, only the 1st trip DTC will continue to be stored. For malfunctions that blink or
light up the MI during the 1st trip, the DTC and 1st trip DTC are stored in the ECM memory.
Procedures for clearing the DTC and the 1st trip DTC from the ECM memory are described in ªHow to Erase
Emission-related Diagnostic Informationº. Refer to EC-70.
For malfunctions in which 1st trip DTCs are displayed, refer to EC-68. These items are required by legal
regulations to continuously monitor the system/component. In addition, the items monitored non-continuously
are also displayed on CONSULT-II.
1st trip DTC is specified in Mode 7 of ISO 15031-5. 1st trip DTC detection occurs without lighting up the MI
and therefore does not warn the driver of a problem. However, 1st trip DTC detection will not prevent the
vehicle from being tested, for example during Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) tests.
When a 1st trip DTC is detected, check, print out or write down and erase (1st trip) DTC and Freeze Frame
data as specified in ªWork Flowº procedure Step II, refer to page EC-98. Then perform ªDTC Confirmation
Procedureº or ªOverall Function Checkº to try to duplicate the problem. If the malfunction is duplicated, the
item requires repair.
How to read DTC and 1st Trip DTC
DTC and 1st trip DTC can be read by the following methods.
With CONSULT-II/With GST
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Two Trip Detection Logic (Cont'd)
EC-60

Self-diagnosis resultExample
DiagnosisIgnition cycle
¬ON®OFF¬ON®OFF¬ON®OFF¬ON®
All OK Case 1 P0400 OK (1) Ð (1) OK (2) Ð (2)
P0402 OK (1) Ð (1) Ð (1) OK (2)
P1402 OK (1) OK (2) Ð (2) Ð (2)
SRT of EGR ªCMPLTº ªCMPLTº ªCMPLTº ªCMPLTº
Case 2 P0400 OK (1) Ð (1) Ð (1) Ð (1)
P0402 Ð (0) Ð (0) OK (1) Ð (1)
P1402 OK (1) OK (2) Ð (2) Ð (2)
SRT of EGR ªINCMPº ªINCMPº ªCMPLTº ªCMPLTº
NG exists Case 3 P0400 OK OK Ð Ð
P0402 Ð Ð Ð Ð
P1402 NG Ð NGNG
(Consecutive NG)
(1st trip)
DTC1st trip DTC Ð 1st trip DTCDTC
(= MIL ªONº)
SRT of EGR ªINCMPº ªINCMPº ªINCMPº ªCMPLTº
OK: Self-diagnosis is carried out and the result is OK.
NG: Self-diagnosis is carried out and the result is NG.
Ð: Self-diagnosis is not carried out.
When all SRT related self-diagnoses showed OK results in a single cycle (Ignition OFF-ON-OFF), the SRT
will indicate ªCMPLTº.®Case 1 above
When all SRT related self-diagnoses showed OK results through several different cycles, the SRT will indi-
cate ªCMPLTº at the time the respective self-diagnoses have at least one OK result.®Case 2 above
If one or more SRT related self-diagnoses showed NG results in 2 consecutive cycles, the SRT will also indi-
cate ªCMPLTº.®Case 3 above
The table above shows that the minimum number of cycles for setting SRT as ªINCMPº is one (1) for each
self-diagnosis (Case1&2)ortwo(2)foroneofself-diagnoses (Case 3). However, in preparation for the state
emissions inspection, it is unnecessary of each self-diagnosis to be executed twice (Case 3) for the following
reasons:
+The SRT will indicate ªCMPLTº at the time the respective self-diagnoses have one (1) OK result.
+The emissions inspection requires ªCMPLTº of the SRT only with OK self-diagnosis results.
+When, during SRT driving pattern, 1st trip DTC (NG) is detected prior to ªCMPLTº of SRT, the self-diag-
nosis memory must be erased from ECM after repair.
+If the 1st trip DTC is erased, all the SRT will indicate ªINCMPº.
NOTE:
SRT can be set as ªCMPLTº together with the DTC(s). Therefore, DTC check must always be carried out prior
to the state emission inspection even though the SRT indicates ªCMPLTº.
SRT Service ProcedureNJEC0031S0109If a vehicle has failed the state emissions inspection due to one or more SRT items indicating ªINCMPº, review
the flowchart diagnostic sequence on the next page.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-63

Actual work procedures are explained using a DTC as an example. Be careful so that not only the DTC, but
all of the data listed above, are cleared from the ECM memory during work procedures.
MODELS WITHOUT EURO-OBD SYSTEMNJEC0031S07DTC and 1st Trip DTCNJEC0031S0701The 1st trip DTC (whose number is the same as the DTC number) is displayed for the latest self-diagnostic
result obtained. If the ECM memory was cleared previously, and the 1st trip DTC did not reoccur, the 1st trip
DTC will not be displayed.
If a malfunction is detected during the 1st trip, the 1st trip DTC is stored in the ECM memory. If the same mal-
function is not detected in the 2nd trip (meeting the required driving pattern), the 1st trip DTC is cleared from
the ECM memory. If the same malfunction is detected in the 2nd trip, both the 1st trip DTC and DTC are stored
in the ECM memory. In other words, the DTC is stored in the ECM memory when the same malfunction occurs
in two consecutive trips. If a 1st trip DTC is stored and a non-diagnostic operation is performed between the
1st and 2nd trips, only the 1st trip DTC will continue to be stored. For fail-safe items, the DTC is stored in the
ECM memory even in the 1st trip.
Procedures for clearing the DTC and the 1st trip DTC from the ECM memory are described in ªHow to Erase
Emission-related Diagnostic Informationº, EC-73.
When a (1st trip) DTC is detected, check, print out or write down and erase (1st trip) DTC and Freeze Frame
data as specified in ªWork Flowº procedure Step II, refer to EC-98. Then perform ªDTC Confirmation Proce-
dureº or ªOverall Function Checkº to try to duplicate the problem. If the malfunction is duplicated, the item
requires repair.
How to Read DTC and 1st Trip DTC
DTC and 1st trip DTC can be read by the following methods.
Without CONSULT-II
ECM displays the DTC by a set of four digit numbers with MI illumination in the diagnostic test mode II (Self-
diagnostic results). Example: 0100, 0115, 0340, 1335, etc.
With CONSULT-II
CONSULT-II displays the DTC in ªSELF-DIAG RESULTSº mode. Examples: P0100, P0115, P0340, P1335,
etc.
(CONSULT-II also displays the malfunctioning component or system.)
+1st trip DTC No. is the same as DTC No.
+Output of a DTC indicates a malfunction. However, ECM in the diagnostic test mode II (Self-diag-
nostic results) (If so equipped) does not indicate whether the malfunction is still occurring or has
occurred in the past and has returned to normal. CONSULT-II can identify malfunction status as
shown below. Therefore, the use of CONSULT-II (if available) is recommended.
A sample CONSULT-II display for DTC and 1st trip DTC is shown below. DTC or 1st trip DTC of a malfunc-
tion is displayed in the SELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS mode of CONSULT-II. Time data indicates how many
times the vehicle was driven after the last detection of a DTC.
If the DTC is being detected currently, the time data will be ª0º.
If a 1st trip DTC is stored in the ECM, the time data will be ª[1t]º.
SEF992X
Freeze Frame Data and 1st Trip Freeze Frame DataNJEC0031S0702The ECM records the driving conditions such as fuel system status, calculated load value, engine coolant
temperature, short term fuel trim, long term fuel trim, engine speed, vehicle speed, throttle valve opening, base
fuel schedule and intake air temperature at the moment a malfunction is detected.
Data which are stored in the ECM memory, along with the 1st trip DTC, are called 1st trip freeze frame data.
The data, stored together with the DTC data, are called freeze frame data and displayed on CONSULT-II. For
details, see EC-86.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Emission-related Diagnostic Information (Cont'd)
EC-72

SEF543X
NATS (Nissan Anti-theft System)NJEC0591+If the security indicator lights up with the ignition switch
in the ªONº position or ªNATS MALFUNCTIONº is dis-
played on ªSELF-DIAG RESULTSº screen, perform self-
diagnostic results mode with CONSULT-II using NATS pro-
gram card. Refer to NATS (Nissan Anti-Theft System) in EL
section.
+Confirm no self-diagnostic results of NATS is displayed
before touching ªERASEº in ªSELF-DIAG RESULTSº
mode with CONSULT-II.
+When replacing ECM, initialization of NATS system and
registration of all NATS ignition key IDs must be carried
out with CONSULT-II using NATS program card.
Therefore, be sure to receive all keys from vehicle owner.
Regarding the procedure of NATS initialization and NATS
ignition key ID registration, refer to CONSULT-II operation
manual, NATS.
Malfunction Indicator (MI)
DESCRIPTIONNJEC0032
SAT652J
The MI is located on the instrument panel.
1. The MI will light up when the ignition switch is turned ON without the engine running. This is a bulb check.
+If the MI does not light up, refer to EL-184, ªWARNING LAMPSº or see EC-591.
2. When the engine is started, the MI should go off.
If the MI remains on, the on board diagnostic system has detected an engine system malfunction.
On Board Diagnostic System FunctionNJEC0032S01The on board diagnostic system has the following four functions.
Diagnostic Test Mode I
1. BULB CHECK:
This function checks the MI bulb for damage (blown, open circuit, etc.).
If the MI does not come on, check MI circuit and ECM test mode selector. (See the following page.)
2. MALFUNCTION WARNING:
MI Condition
ON When the malfunction is detected or the ECM's CPU is malfunctioning.
OFF No malfunction.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
NATS (Nissan Anti-theft System)
EC-74

MI Fuel mixture condition in the exhaust gas Air fuel ratio feedback control condition
ON Lean
Closed loop system
OFF Rich
*Remains ON or OFF Any condition Open loop system
*: Maintains conditions just before switching to open loop.
To check the heated oxygen sensor 1 (front) function, start engine in the Diagnostic Test Mode II and warm
it up until engine coolant temperature indicator points to the middle of the gauge.
Next run engine at about 2,000 rpm for about 2 minutes under no-load conditions. Then make sure that the
MI comes ON more than 5 times within 10 seconds with engine running at 2,000 rpm under no-load.
OBD System Operation Chart (With Euro-OBD
Models Only)
NJEC0033RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MI, 1ST TRIP DTC, DTC, AND DETECTABLE ITEMSNJEC0033S01+When a malfunction is detected for the first time, the 1st trip DTC and the 1st trip freeze frame data are
stored in the ECM memory.
+When the same malfunction is detected in two consecutive trips, the DTC and the freeze frame data are
stored in the ECM memory, and the MI will come on. For details, refer to ªTwo Trip Detection Logicº on
EC-59.
+The MI will go off after the vehicle is driven 3 times with no malfunction. The drive is counted only when
the recorded driving pattern is met (as stored in the ECM). If another malfunction occurs while counting,
the counter will reset.
+The DTC and the freeze frame data will be stored until the vehicle is driven 40 times (driving pattern A)
without the same malfunction recurring (except for Misfire and Fuel Injection System). For Misfire and Fuel
Injection System, the DTC and freeze frame data will be stored until the vehicle is driven 80 times (driv-
ing pattern C) without the same malfunction recurring. The ªTIMEº in ªSELF-DIAGNOSTIC RESULTSº
mode of CONSULT-II will count the number of times the vehicle is driven.
+The 1st trip DTC is not displayed when the self-diagnosis results in ªOKº for the 2nd trip.
SUMMARY CHARTNJEC0033S02
Items Fuel Injection System Misfire Other
MI (goes off) 3 (pattern B) 3 (pattern B) 3 (pattern B)
DTC, Freeze Frame Data (no display) 80 (pattern C) 80 (pattern C) 40 (pattern A)
1st Trip DTC (clear) 1 (pattern C), *1 1 (pattern C), *1 1 (pattern B)
1st Trip Freeze Frame Data (clear) *1, *2 *1, *2 1 (pattern B)
For details about patterns ªBº and ªCº under ªFuel Injection Systemº and ªMisfireº, see EC-80.
For details about patterns ªAº and ªBº under ªOtherº, see EC-82.
*1: Clear timing is at the moment OK is detected.
*2: Clear timing is when the same malfunction is detected in the 2nd trip.
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIPTIONQG
Malfunction Indicator (MI) (Cont'd)
EC-78