1997 SSANGYONG KORANDO low oil pressure

1D1 -- 2 M162 ENGINE COOLING
D AEW OO M Y_2000
SPECIFICATIONS
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS
ApplicationDescription
Cooling TypeWater Cooling Forced Circulation
RadiatorCirculation TypeDouble Cross Flow
Radiation Capability70,000 kcal/h
Dimension(Width x Height x Thickeness)580 x 482 x 45 mm
Cooling Fanφ460, Six Blades
Anti-- Freeze AgentALUTEC -- P78
Mixing Ratio of Anti-- Freeze Agen with Water (Anti-- Freeze Agent : Water)50 : 50
Coolant Capacity11. 3 L
Reservoir Capacity3.4 L
Cap Operating Pressure (Reservoir Tank Pressure Cap)1.4 bar
FASTENER TIGHTENING SPECIFICATIONS
ApplicationNSmLb-FtLb-In
Coolant Drain Plug3022--
Engine Hanger Bracket and Coolant Outlet
Port Bolt22.5 -- 27.516.6 -- 20.3--
Thermostat Cover Bracket Bolts9--11--80 -- 97
Oil Cooler Pipe Line Bolts9--11--80 -- 97
Cooling Fan Bolts9--11--80 -- 97
Viscous Clutch Mounting Bolts40.5 -- 49.529.8 -- 36.5--
Automatic Transmission Fluid Cooler Pipe2015--
Cooling Fan Shroud Bolts3--7--27 -- 62
Automatic Transmission Radiator Tube
Assembly Mounting Bolt7--62
Radiator Bracket Mounting Bolts3--7--27 -- 62

1F1 -- 30 M162 ENGINE CONTROLS
D AEW OO M Y_2000
CAMSHAFT ACTUATOR
YAA1F300
When the engine is running, the camshaft actuator rotates the intake camshaft hydraulically and mechanically relative
to the camshaft sprocket by 32°crank angle to the “advanced” position and back to the “retard” position.
The camshaft actuator is actuated electro-mechanically by the Engine Control Module (ECM). The positioning time of
apporx. 1 second is dependent on the engine oil pressure at the camshaft actuator and on the oil viscosity and oil
temperature, respectively.
The camshaft indicator on the camshaft sprocket provides the camshaft rotational speed to the position sensor as an
input parameter for the engine ignition control unit.
Operation Condition of Camshaft Actuator
Engine RPMCamshaft PositionEffect
Engine stopRetard--
0 ~ 1,500 rpmRetard
Idle speed is improved
Blow-by gas is decreased
Valve overlap is decreased
1,500 ~ 4,300 rpmAdvanced
Torque is increased
Fuel loss is decreased
NOx is decreased
Above 4,300 rpmRetardEngine overrun is prohibited

1F1 -- 98 M162 ENGINE CONTROLS
D AEW OO M Y_2000
YAA1F180
14. Turn the roll over valves counterclockwise at an
angle of 90 degrees.
15. Turn the lock ring counterclockwise.
16. Remove and discard the gasket.
17. Installation should follow the removal procedure in
the reverse order.
KAA1F430
FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Disconnect the negative battery cable.
2. Remove the fuel pressure test connector.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque
25 NSm (18 Ib-ft)
KAA1F440
Caution: The fuel system is under pressure. To
avoid fuel spillage and the risk of personal injury or
fire, it is necessary to relieve the fuel system pres -
sure before disconnecting the fuel lines.
3. Relieve the fuel pressure in fuel supply system by
pressing the service valve.
KAA1F130
4. Disconnect the vacuum hose.
5. Disconnect the circlip and remove the fuel pressure
regulator.
6. Apply the oil to O-ring lightly and then replace it.
7. Perform a leak test of the fuel pressure regulator
with the engine off and the ignition on.
8. Installation should follow the removal procedure in
the reverse order.

1F1 -- 100 M162 ENGINE CONTROLS
D AEW OO M Y_2000
KAA1F090
Notice:Before removal, the fuel rail assembly may be
cleaned with a spray-type cleaner, following package in-
structions. Do not immerse the fuel rails in liquid clean-
ing solvent. Use care in removing the fuel rail assembly
to prevent damage to the electrical connectors and in-
jector spray tips. Prevent dirt and other contaminants
from entering open lines and passages. Fittings should
be capped and holes plugged during service.
Important:If an injector becomes separated from the
rail and remains in the cylinder head, replace the injector
O-ring seals and the retaining clip.
12. Remove the injectors and the fuel rail carefully.
13. Remove the fuel injector retainer clips.
14. Remove the fuel injectors by pulling them down and
out.
15. Discard the fuel injector O-rings.
16. Lubricate the new fuel injector O-rings with engine
oil. Install the new O-rings on the fuel injectors.
17. Perform a leak check of the fuel rail and fuel injec-
tors.
18. Installation should follow the removal procedure in
the reverse order.
YAA1F150
ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE
SENSOR
Removal and Installation Procedure
1. Relieve the coolant system pressure.
2. Disconnect the negative battery cable.
3. Disconnect the engine coolant temperature sensor
connector.
Notice:Take care when handling the engine coolant
temperature sensor. Damage to the sensor will affect
the proper operation of the fuel injection system.
4. Remove the engine coolant temperature sensor
from the pump hosing.
Installation Notice
Tightening Torque
30 NSm (22 Ib-ft)
5. Installation should follow the removal procedure in
the reverse order.

1A2 -- 12 GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION
D AEW OO M Y_2000
Leakage Test
1. Warm the engine up to normal operating tempera-
ture.
2. Disconnect the negative battery cable.
3. Remove the spark plugs.
4. Check the coolant level by opening the coolant
surge tank cap and replenish if insufficient.
5. Open the engine oil filler cap.
6. Connect the tester to air pressure line and adjust the
scale of tester.
7. Install the connecting hose to spark plug hole.
YAA1A2080
8. Position the piston of No.1 cylinder at TDC by rotat-
ing the crankshaft.
9. Connect the connecting hose to tester and measure
the leakage volume after blowing up compressed
air.
Notice:Measure the leakage volume in the completely
opening condition of throttle valve by pulling the accel-
eration cable.
10. Perform the pressure test according to the firing or-
der.
Notice:Firing Order : 1 -- 3 -- 4 -- 2
11. Compare the leakage pressure with the specifica-
tions.

1A2 -- 2 GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION
D AEW OO M Y_2000
SPECIFICATIONS
ENGINE SPECIFICATIONS
ApplicationE23 EngineE20 Engine
Engine ModelM161.970M161.940
Displacement (CC)22951998
Cylinder (Bore x Stroke)(mm)90.9 x 88.489.9 x 78.7
Fuel Injection / Ignition SystemMSE 3.53S←
Compression Ratio10.4:19.6:1
Number of Cylinders4←
Camshaft Valve ArrangementDOHC←
Camshaft Drive TypeChain-- Driven←
Max. Output (ps/rpm)149 / 5500135 / 5500
Max. Torque (kgSm/rpm)22.4 / 400019.3 / 4000
Firing Order1--3--4--2←
Ignition TypeDistributorless←
Ignition TimingBTDC 6°±2°←
Va lv e
Tii
IntakeOpen/CloseATDC 19.25°/ ABDC 28.76°ATDC 13.15°/ ABDC 13.57°
Tim in gExhaustOpen/CloseBBDC 20.62°/ BTDC 15.08°BBDC 16.58°/ BTDC 17.05°
Valve Clearance AdjustmentAutomatic Control←
Idle Speed (rpm)750±50←
Fuel Injection Pressure (kg/cm@)3.2 -- 4.2←
Oil Capacity (liter)7.5←
Lubrication TypeForced by Gear Pump←
Oil Filter TypeFull Flow with Paper Filter←
FuelUnleaded Gasoline←
MSE 3.62S/3.53S (Motorsteuer Elektronik : German)
MSE : Engine Control Electronic
3.62S : 6 cylinder version
3.53S : 4 cylinder version

GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION 1A2 -- 7
D AEW OO M Y_2000
DIAGNOSIS
OIL LEAK DIAGNOSIS
Most fluid oil leaks are easily located and repaired by
visually finding the leak and replacing or repairing the
necessary parts. On some occasions a fluid leak may be
difficult to locate or repair. The following procedures may
help you in locating and repairing most leaks.
Finding the Leak
1. Identify the fluid. Determine whether it is engine oil,
automatic transmission fluid, power steering fluid,
etc.
2. Identify where the fluid is leaking from.
2.1 After running the vehicle at normal operating
temperature, park the vehicle over a large sheet
of paper.
2.2 Wait a few minutes.
2.3 You should be able to find the approximate loca-
tion of the leak by the drippings on the paper.
3. Visually check around the suspected component.
Check around all the gasket mating surfaces for
leaks. A mirror is useful for finding leaks in areas that
are hard to reach.
4. If the leak still cannot be found, it may be necessary
to clean the suspected area with a degreaser, steam
or spray solvent.
4.1 Clean the area well.
4.2 Dry the area.
4.3 Operate the vehicle for several miles at normal
operating temperature and varying speeds.
4.4 After operating the vehicle, visually check the
suspected component.
4.5 If you still cannot locate the leak, try using the
powder or black light and dye method.
Powder Method
1. Clean the suspected area.
2. Apply an aerosol-- type powder (such as foot powder)
to the suspected area.
3. Operate the vehicle under normal operating condi-
toins.
4. Visually inspect the suspected component. You
should be able to trace the leak path over the white
powder surface to the source.
Black Light and Dye Method
A dye and light kit is available for finding leaks, Refer to
the manufacturer ’s directions when using the kit.
1. Pour the specified amount of dye into the engine oil fill
tube.
2. Operate the vehicle normal operating conditions as
directed in the kit.
3. Direct the light toward the suspected area. The dyed
fluid willappear as a yellow path leading to the
source.
Repairing the Leak
Once the origin of the leak has been pinpointed and
traced back to its source, the cause of the leak must be
determined n order for it to be repaired properly. If a gas-
ket is replaced, but the sealing flange is bent, the new
gasket will not repair the leak. Thebent flange must be
repaired also. Before attempting to repair a leak, check
for the following conditions and correct them as they
may cause a leak.
Gaskets
DThe fluid level/pressure is too high.
DThe crankcase ventilation system is malfunctioning.
DThe fasteners are tightened improperly or the threads
are dirty or damaged.
DThe flanges or the sealing surface is warped.
DThere are scratches, burrs or other damage to the
sealing surface.
DThe gasket is damaged or worn.
DThere is cracking or porosity of the component.
DAn improper seal was used (where applicable).
Seals
DThe fluid level/pressure is too high.
DThe crankcase ventilation system is malfunctioning.
DThe seal bore is damaged (scratched, burred or
nicked).
DThe seal is damaged or worn.
DImproper installation is evident.
DThere are cracks in the components.
DThe shaft surface is scratched, nicked or damaged.
DA loose or worn bearing is causing excess seal wear.

M161 ENGINE MECHANICAL 1B2 -- 15
D AEW OO M Y_2000
Operation at Idling and Mid- Load
DThe throttle valve (6) is closed or very partially
opened, and the vacuum pressure in intake manifold
is high.
The blow-- by gas and the fresh air that is additionally
supplied through the vent connection (D) in the crank-
case in partial load gets supplied to the combustion
chamber from the crank chamber (12) through the oil
separation chamber (11), air -- conditioner bracket
(10), vent line (9), and restrictor (7) mounted to the
cylinder head.
The circulated engine oil returns to the oil pan through
the oil return pipe (13) at the bottom of oil separation
chamber (11).
The fresh air gets supplied to the crank chamber (12)
through the HFM sensor (1), intake air duct (4), vent
line (5), oil separation chamber (3), chain housing
(17), and the timing gear case cover (15).
The additional supply of the fresh air is needed to pre-
vent from forming the residues of the engine oil.