1997 SSANGYONG KORANDO engine oil

GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION 1A2 -- 11
D AEW OO M Y_2000
CYLINDER PRESSURE LEAKAGE TEST
3 Engine Oil Filler Cap
5 Vibration Damper6 Cylinder Pressure Leakage Tester with
Connecting Hose
Permissible Pressure Leakage
At Whole EngineMax. 25 %
At Valve and Cylinder Head GasketMax. 10 %
At Piston and Piston RingMax. 20 %
Cylinder Number By Mark On Vibration Damper At TDC
TDC MarkOT (TDC)UT (BDC : 180°)
Cylinder Number1, 42, 3
Universal Tool
Cylinder Pressure Leakage TesterBosch, EFAW 210A
Sun, CLT 228

1A2 -- 12 GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION
D AEW OO M Y_2000
Leakage Test
1. Warm the engine up to normal operating tempera-
ture.
2. Disconnect the negative battery cable.
3. Remove the spark plugs.
4. Check the coolant level by opening the coolant
surge tank cap and replenish if insufficient.
5. Open the engine oil filler cap.
6. Connect the tester to air pressure line and adjust the
scale of tester.
7. Install the connecting hose to spark plug hole.
YAA1A2080
8. Position the piston of No.1 cylinder at TDC by rotat-
ing the crankshaft.
9. Connect the connecting hose to tester and measure
the leakage volume after blowing up compressed
air.
Notice:Measure the leakage volume in the completely
opening condition of throttle valve by pulling the accel-
eration cable.
10. Perform the pressure test according to the firing or-
der.
Notice:Firing Order : 1 -- 3 -- 4 -- 2
11. Compare the leakage pressure with the specifica-
tions.

GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION 1A2 -- 13
D AEW OO M Y_2000
GENERAL INFORMATION
CLEANLINESS AND CARE
An automobile engine is a combination of many ma-
chined, honed, polished and lapped surfaces with toler-
ances that are measured in the ten-thousandths of an
inch. When any internal engine parts are serviced, care
and cleanliness are important. A liberal coating of enigne
oil should be applied to friction areas during assembly, to
protect and lubricate the surfaces on initial operation.
Proper cleaning and protection of machined surfaces and
friction areas is part of the repair procedure. This is con-
sidered standard shop practice even if not specifically
stated.
Whenever valve train components are removed for ser-
vice, they should be kept in order. They should be
installed in the same locations, and with the same mating
surfaces, as when they were removed.
Battery cables should be disconnected before any major
work is performed on the engine. Failure to disconnect
cables may result in damage to wire harness or other
electrical parts.
ON-ENGINE SERVICE
Caution: Disconnect the negative battery cable be -
fore removing or installing any electrical unit, or
when a tool or equipment could easily come in con-
tact with exposed electrical terminals. Disconnect -
ing this cable will help prevent personal injury and
damage to the vehicle. The ignition must also be in
LOCK unless otherwise noted.
Notice:Any time the air cleaner is removed, the intake
opening should be covered. Thiswill protect against ac-
cidental entrance of foreign material, which could follow
the intake passage into the cylinder and cause exten-
sive damage when the engine is started.

1A2 -- 2 GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION
D AEW OO M Y_2000
SPECIFICATIONS
ENGINE SPECIFICATIONS
ApplicationE23 EngineE20 Engine
Engine ModelM161.970M161.940
Displacement (CC)22951998
Cylinder (Bore x Stroke)(mm)90.9 x 88.489.9 x 78.7
Fuel Injection / Ignition SystemMSE 3.53S←
Compression Ratio10.4:19.6:1
Number of Cylinders4←
Camshaft Valve ArrangementDOHC←
Camshaft Drive TypeChain-- Driven←
Max. Output (ps/rpm)149 / 5500135 / 5500
Max. Torque (kgSm/rpm)22.4 / 400019.3 / 4000
Firing Order1--3--4--2←
Ignition TypeDistributorless←
Ignition TimingBTDC 6°±2°←
Va lv e
Tii
IntakeOpen/CloseATDC 19.25°/ ABDC 28.76°ATDC 13.15°/ ABDC 13.57°
Tim in gExhaustOpen/CloseBBDC 20.62°/ BTDC 15.08°BBDC 16.58°/ BTDC 17.05°
Valve Clearance AdjustmentAutomatic Control←
Idle Speed (rpm)750±50←
Fuel Injection Pressure (kg/cm@)3.2 -- 4.2←
Oil Capacity (liter)7.5←
Lubrication TypeForced by Gear Pump←
Oil Filter TypeFull Flow with Paper Filter←
FuelUnleaded Gasoline←
MSE 3.62S/3.53S (Motorsteuer Elektronik : German)
MSE : Engine Control Electronic
3.62S : 6 cylinder version
3.53S : 4 cylinder version

GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION 1A2 -- 3
D AEW OO M Y_2000
COMPONENT LOCATOR
FRONT VIEW
1 HFM Sensor
2 Intake Air Duct
3 Cylinder Head Cover
4 Ignition Coil
5 Spark Plug Connector
6 Fuel Distributor
7 Injector
8 Exhaust Camshaft
9 Intake Camshaft
10 Valve Tappet
11 Intake Valve12 Intake Manifold
13 Cylinder Head
14 Exhaust Manifold
15 Dipstick Guide Tube and Gauge
16 Connecting Rod
17 Crankshaft
18 Engine Mounting Bracket
19 Starter
20 Crankcase
21 Oil Pump Sprocket
22 Oil Pan

1A2 -- 4 GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION
D AEW OO M Y_2000
SIDE VIEW
23 Camshaft Adjuster
24 Oil Filler Cap
25 Engine Hanger Bracket
26 Cooling Fan and Viscous Clutch
27 Oil Filter
28 Timing Chain29 Oil Pump Drive Chain
30 Oil Strainer
31 Oil Pump
32 Ring Gear and Flywheel of Drive Plate
33 Piston

GENERAL ENGINE INFORMATION 1A2 -- 7
D AEW OO M Y_2000
DIAGNOSIS
OIL LEAK DIAGNOSIS
Most fluid oil leaks are easily located and repaired by
visually finding the leak and replacing or repairing the
necessary parts. On some occasions a fluid leak may be
difficult to locate or repair. The following procedures may
help you in locating and repairing most leaks.
Finding the Leak
1. Identify the fluid. Determine whether it is engine oil,
automatic transmission fluid, power steering fluid,
etc.
2. Identify where the fluid is leaking from.
2.1 After running the vehicle at normal operating
temperature, park the vehicle over a large sheet
of paper.
2.2 Wait a few minutes.
2.3 You should be able to find the approximate loca-
tion of the leak by the drippings on the paper.
3. Visually check around the suspected component.
Check around all the gasket mating surfaces for
leaks. A mirror is useful for finding leaks in areas that
are hard to reach.
4. If the leak still cannot be found, it may be necessary
to clean the suspected area with a degreaser, steam
or spray solvent.
4.1 Clean the area well.
4.2 Dry the area.
4.3 Operate the vehicle for several miles at normal
operating temperature and varying speeds.
4.4 After operating the vehicle, visually check the
suspected component.
4.5 If you still cannot locate the leak, try using the
powder or black light and dye method.
Powder Method
1. Clean the suspected area.
2. Apply an aerosol-- type powder (such as foot powder)
to the suspected area.
3. Operate the vehicle under normal operating condi-
toins.
4. Visually inspect the suspected component. You
should be able to trace the leak path over the white
powder surface to the source.
Black Light and Dye Method
A dye and light kit is available for finding leaks, Refer to
the manufacturer ’s directions when using the kit.
1. Pour the specified amount of dye into the engine oil fill
tube.
2. Operate the vehicle normal operating conditions as
directed in the kit.
3. Direct the light toward the suspected area. The dyed
fluid willappear as a yellow path leading to the
source.
Repairing the Leak
Once the origin of the leak has been pinpointed and
traced back to its source, the cause of the leak must be
determined n order for it to be repaired properly. If a gas-
ket is replaced, but the sealing flange is bent, the new
gasket will not repair the leak. Thebent flange must be
repaired also. Before attempting to repair a leak, check
for the following conditions and correct them as they
may cause a leak.
Gaskets
DThe fluid level/pressure is too high.
DThe crankcase ventilation system is malfunctioning.
DThe fasteners are tightened improperly or the threads
are dirty or damaged.
DThe flanges or the sealing surface is warped.
DThere are scratches, burrs or other damage to the
sealing surface.
DThe gasket is damaged or worn.
DThere is cracking or porosity of the component.
DAn improper seal was used (where applicable).
Seals
DThe fluid level/pressure is too high.
DThe crankcase ventilation system is malfunctioning.
DThe seal bore is damaged (scratched, burred or
nicked).
DThe seal is damaged or worn.
DImproper installation is evident.
DThere are cracks in the components.
DThe shaft surface is scratched, nicked or damaged.
DA loose or worn bearing is causing excess seal wear.

D AEW OO M Y_2000
SECTION 1B2
M161 ENGINE MECHANICAL
CAUTION: Disconnect the negative battery cable before removing or installing any electrical unit or when a
tool or equipment could easily come in contact with exposed electrical terminals. Disconnecting this cable
will help prevent personal injury and damage to the vehicle. The ignition must also be in LOCK unless other -
wise noted.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Specifications 1B2 -- 2............................
Fastener Tightening Specifications 1B2 -- 2..........
Special Tools 1B2 -- 4.............................
Special Tools Table 1B2-- 4.......................
Maintenance and Repair 1B2 -- 7...................
On-- Vehicle Service 1B2-- 7.........................
Engine Assembly 1B2-- 7.........................
Crankcase Ventilation System 1B2-- 14.............
Generator 1B2-- 18..............................
Engine Mount 1B2-- 19...........................
Poly V-- Belt 1B2 -- 20.............................
Tensioning Device 1B2-- 22.......................
Tensioning Device Shock Absorber 1B2-- 23........
Poly V-- Belt Inspection 1B2-- 24...................
Cylinder Head Cover 1B2-- 26.....................
Cylinder Head Front Cover 1B2 -- 28...............
Cylinder Head 1B2-- 30...........................
Timing Gear Case Cover 1B2-- 34.................
Crankshaft Sealing Rear Cover 1B2-- 37...........
Belt Pulley and Vibration Damper 1B2-- 39..........
Crankshaft Front Radial Seal 1B2-- 42.............
Crankshaft Rear Radial Seal 1B2-- 44..............
Crankshaft 1B2-- 45.............................
Flywheel / Driven Plate 1B2 -- 51...................
Camshaft Adjuster 1B2-- 54.......................Camshaft Sprocket Bolt 1B2-- 57..................
Camshaft 1B2-- 58..............................
Camshaft Timing Position 1B2 -- 61................
Valve Spring 1B2 -- 63............................
Valve Stem Seal 1B2-- 67........................
Chain Tensioner 1B2-- 68.........................
Timing Chain 1B2-- 72............................
Tensioning Rail 1B2-- 77..........................
Cylinder Head Guide Rail 1B2-- 78.................
Crankcase Guide Rail 1B2-- 80....................
Crankshaft Sprocket 1B2-- 81.....................
Piston 1B2-- 83..................................
Connecting Rod 1B2-- 86.........................
Piston Ring 1B2 -- 88.............................
Oil Pan 1B2-- 90.................................
Engine Oil and Oil Filter Element 1B2-- 92..........
Oil Pump 1B2-- 95...............................
Oil Pressure Relief Valve 1B2-- 97.................
Oil Non-Return Valve 1B2-- 98....................
Oil Dipstick Guide Tube 1B2-- 99..................
Unit Repair 1B2 -- 100............................
Core Plugs in Crankcase 1B2-- 100................
Cylinder Bore 1B2-- 102..........................
Crankcase Mating Surface 1B2-- 104..............
Cylinder Head Mating Surface 1B2-- 106...........