2024 FORD F650/750 service

Biodiesel fuel is a chemically convertedproduct from renewable fuel sources, suchas vegetable oils, animal fats and wastecooking greases.
To help achieve acceptable engineperformance and durability when usingbiodiesel in your vehicle:
•Confirm the biodiesel content of thefuel to be B20 (20% biodiesel) or less
•Only use biodiesel fuel of good qualitythat complies with industry standards
•Follow the recommended servicemaintenance intervals. SeeScheduled Maintenance (page 325).
•Do not store biodiesel fuel in the fueltank for more than 1 month
•Consider changing brands or reducingbiodiesel content if you have coldtemperature fuel gelling issues or afrequent LOW FUEL PRESSUREmessage appearing
•Do NOT use raw oils, fats or wastecooking greases
Use of biodiesel in concentrations greaterthan 20% may cause damage to yourvehicle, including engine and/or exhaustafter-treatment hardware (exhaustcatalyst and particulate filter) failures.Concentrations greater than 20% can alsocause fuel filter restrictions that may resultin a lack of power or damage to fuelsystem components, including fuel pumpand fuel injector failures.
SAE 5W-40 or SAE 15W-40 oil isrecommended for fuels with greater than5% biodiesel (B5). Refer to the Specialoperating conditions section under theSchedule Maintenance chapter for moreinformation about oil change intervals andother maintenance when operating onbiodiesel.
Look for a label on the fuel pump toconfirm the amount of biodiesel containedin a diesel fuel. Biodiesel content is oftenindicated with the letter B followed by thepercent of biodiesel in the fuel. Forexample, B20 indicates a fuel containing20% biodiesel. Ask the service stationattendant to confirm the biodiesel contentof a diesel fuel if you do not see a label onthe fuel pump.
Biodiesel fuels degrade more easily thandiesel fuels not containing biodiesel andshould not be stored in the fuel tank formore than 1 month. If you plan to park orstore your vehicle for more than 1 month,then you should empty your vehicle fueltank of biodiesel fuel. You should fill thetank with a pure petroleum-based dieselfuel and run your vehicle for a minimum of30 minutes.
Note:Degraded or oxidized biodiesel candamage fuel system seals and plastics andcorrode steel parts.
During cold weather, if you have problemsoperating on biodiesel, you may need touse a diesel fuel with lower biodieselcontent, try another brand, or discontinuethe use of biodiesel.
Diesel Fuel Additives
It should not be necessary to add anyaftermarket additives to your fuel if youuse a high quality diesel fuel that conformsto ASTM industry specifications.Aftermarket additives can damage the fuelinjector system or engine.
Use Motorcraft® cetane booster or anequivalent cetane booster additive if yoususpect fuel has low cetane. UseMotorcraft® anti-gel & performanceimprover or an equivalent additive if thereis fuel gelling.
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2024 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 202210, First-PrintingFuel and Refueling

RUNNING OUT OF FUEL -
DIESEL
Avoid running out of fuel. This allows air toenter the fuel system and may make itdifficult to restart your vehicle.
If your vehicle runs out of fuel:
•Normally adding 4–5 gal (15–19 L) offuel is enough to restart the engine. Ifyour vehicle is out of fuel and on asteep grade, more than 5 gal (19 L)may be required.
•You must purge trapped air from thesystem before restarting the engine.
Purging Air From the System
Switch the ignition on for 30 seconds andthen switch the ignition off. Repeat thisoperation six times in a row to purge anytrapped air from the fuel system.
Any remaining air in the system self-purgeswhen the engine starts. The engine mayrun rough or produce white smoke whenair remains in the fuel system. This isnormal and stops after a short period. Ifthe engine continues to run rough, haveyour vehicle checked as soon as possible.
Starting the Engine
Do not crank the engine for more than 10seconds as starter damage may occur. Ifthe engine fails to start, switch the ignitionoff and wait 30 seconds before crankingthe engine again. See Starting a DieselEngine (page 103).
RUNNING OUT OF FUEL -
GASOLINE
Avoid running out of fuel because thissituation may have an adverse effect onpowertrain components.
If you run out of fuel:
•You may need to switch the ignitionfrom off to on several times afterrefueling to allow the fuel system topump the fuel from the tank to theengine. When restarting, cranking timetakes a few seconds longer thannormal. With keyless ignition, just startthe engine. Crank time will be longerthan usual.
•Normally, adding 1 gal (3.8 L) of fuel isenough to restart the engine. If thevehicle is out of fuel and on a steepgrade, more than 1 gal (3.8 L) may berequired.
•The service engine soon indicator maycome on. See Warning Lamps andIndicators (page 67).
REFUELING - DIESEL
WARNING: Fuel vapor burnsviolently and a fuel fire can cause severeinjuries.
WARNING: Read and follow all theinstructions on the pump island.
WARNING: When refueling alwaysshut the engine off and never allowsparks or open flames near the fuel tankfiller valve. Never smoke or use a cellphone while refueling. Fuel vapor isextremely hazardous under certainconditions. Avoid inhaling excess fumes.
WARNING: Stay outside yourvehicle and do not leave the fuel pumpunattended when refueling your vehicle.
WARNING: Keep children awayfrom the fuel pump. Never let childrenpump fuel.
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EMISSION LAW
WARNING: Do not remove or alterthe original equipment floor covering orinsulation between it and the metal floorof the vehicle. The floor covering andinsulation protect occupants of thevehicle from the engine and exhaustsystem heat and noise. On vehicles withno original equipment floor coveringinsulation, do not carry passengers in amanner that permits prolonged skincontact with the metal floor. Failure tofollow these instructions may result infire or personal injury.
U.S. federal laws and certain state lawsprohibit removing or rendering inoperativeemission control system components.Similar federal or provincial laws mayapply in Canada. We do not approve of anyvehicle modification without firstdetermining applicable laws.
Tampering with emissionscontrol systems includingrelated sensors or the DieselExhaust Fluid system can result in reducedengine power and the illumination of theservice engine soon light.
Tampering With a Noise ControlSystem
Federal laws prohibit the following acts:
•Removal or rendering inoperative byany person other than for purposes ofmaintenance.
•Repair or replacement of any device orelement of the design incorporated intoa new vehicle for the purpose of noisecontrol prior to its sale or delivery tothe ultimate purchaser or while it is inuse.
•The use of the vehicle after any personremoves or renders inoperative anydevice or element of the design.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agencymay presume to constitute tampering asfollows:
•Removal of hood blanket, fender apronabsorbers, fender apron barriers,underbody noise shields or acousticallyabsorptive material.
•Tampering or rendering inoperative theengine speed governor, to allow enginespeed to exceed manufacturerspecifications.
If the engine does not start, runs rough,experiences a decrease in engineperformance, experiences excess fuelconsumption or produces excessiveexhaust smoke, check for the following:
•A plugged or disconnected air inletsystem hose.
•A plugged engine air filter element.
•Water in the fuel filter and waterseparator.
•A clogged fuel filter.
•Contaminated fuel.
•Air in the fuel system, due to looseconnections.
•An open or pinched sensor hose.
•Incorrect engine oil level.
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•Incorrect fuel for climatic conditions.
•Incorrect engine oil viscosity forclimactic conditions.
Note:Some vehicles have a lifetime fuelfilter that is integrated with the fuel tank.Regular maintenance or replacement is notneeded.
Note:If these checks do not help youcorrect the concern, have your vehiclechecked as soon as possible.
Noise Emissions Warranty,Prohibited Tampering Acts andMaintenance
On January 1, 1978, Federal regulationbecame effective governing the noiseemission on trucks over 10,000 lb(4,536 kg) Gross Vehicle Weight Rating(GVWR). The preceding statementsconcerning prohibited tampering acts andmaintenance, and the noise warrantyfound in the Warranty Guide, areapplicable to complete chassis cabs over10,000 lb (4,536 kg) GVWR.
CATALYTIC CONVERTER
WARNING: Do not park, idle ordrive your vehicle on dry grass or otherdry ground cover. The emission systemheats up the engine compartment andexhaust system, creating the risk of fire.
WARNING: The normal operatingtemperature of the exhaust system isvery high. Never work around or attemptto repair any part of the exhaust systemuntil it has cooled. Use special care whenworking around the catalytic converter.The catalytic converter heats up to a veryhigh temperature after only a shortperiod of engine operation and stays hotafter the engine is switched off.
WARNING: Exhaust leaks mayresult in entry of harmful and potentiallylethal fumes into the passengercompartment. If you smell exhaustfumes inside your vehicle, have yourvehicle inspected immediately. Do notdrive if you smell exhaust fumes.
Your vehicle has various emission controlcomponents and a catalytic converter thatenables it to comply with applicableexhaust emission standards.
To make sure that the catalytic converterand other emission control componentscontinue to work properly:
•Do not crank the engine for more than10 seconds at a time.
•Do not run the engine with a spark pluglead disconnected.
•Do not push-start or tow-start yourvehicle. Use booster cables. See JumpStarting the Vehicle (page 190).
•Use only the specified fuel listed.
•Do not switch the ignition off when yourvehicle is moving.
•Avoid running out of fuel.
•Have the items listed in scheduledmaintenance information performedaccording to the specified schedule.
Note:Resulting component damage maynot be covered by the vehicle Warranty.
The scheduled maintenance items listedin scheduled maintenance information areessential to the life and performance ofyour vehicle and to its emissions system.
If you use anything other than Ford,Motorcraft or Ford-authorized parts formaintenance replacements or for serviceof components affecting emission control,such non-Ford parts should be equivalentto genuine Ford Motor Company parts inperformance and durability.
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Illumination of the service engine soonindicator, charging system warning light orthe temperature warning light, fluid leaks,strange odors, smoke or loss of enginepower could indicate that the emissioncontrol system is not working properly.
An improperly operating or damagedexhaust system may allow exhaust toenter the vehicle. Have a damaged orimproperly operating exhaust systeminspected and repaired immediately.
Do not make any unauthorized changes toyour vehicle or engine. By law, vehicleowners and anyone who manufactures,repairs, services, sells, leases, tradesvehicles, or supervises a fleet of vehiclesare not permitted to intentionally removean emission control device or prevent itfrom working. Information about yourvehicle’s emission system is on the VehicleEmission Control Information Decallocated on or near the engine. This decalalso lists engine displacement.
Please consult your warranty informationfor complete details.
On-Board Diagnostics (OBD-II)
Your vehicle has a computer known as theon-board diagnostics system (OBD-II) thatmonitors the engine’s emission controlsystem. The system protects theenvironment by making sure that yourvehicle continues to meet governmentemission standards. The OBD-II systemalso assists a service technician in properlyservicing your vehicle.
When the service engine soonindicator illuminates, the OBD-IIsystem has detected amalfunction. Temporary malfunctions maycause the service engine soon indicator toilluminate. Examples are:
1.Your vehicle has run out of fuel—theengine may misfire or run poorly.
2.Poor fuel quality or water in thefuel—the engine may misfire or runpoorly.
3.The fuel fill inlet may not have closedproperly. See Refueling (page 112).
4.Driving through deep water—theelectrical system may be wet.
You can correct these temporarymalfunctions by filling the fuel tank withgood quality fuel, properly closing the fuelfill inlet or letting the electrical system dryout. After three driving cycles without theseor any other temporary malfunctionspresent, the service engine soon indicatorshould stay off the next time you start theengine. A driving cycle consists of a coldengine startup followed by mixed city andhighway driving. No additional vehicleservice is required.
If the service engine soon indicator remainson, have your vehicle serviced at the firstavailable opportunity. Although somemalfunctions detected by the OBD-II maynot have symptoms that are apparent,continued driving with the service enginesoon indicator on can result in increasedemissions, lower fuel economy, reducedengine and transmission smoothness andlead to more costly repairs.
Readiness for Inspection andMaintenance (I/M) Testing
Some state and provincial and localgovernments may haveInspection/Maintenance (I/M) programsto inspect the emission control equipmenton your vehicle. Failure to pass thisinspection could prevent you from gettinga vehicle registration.
If the service engine soonindicator is on or the bulb doesnot work, your vehicle may needservice. See On-Board Diagnostics.
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Your vehicle may not pass the I/M test ifthe service engine soon indicator is on ornot working properly (bulb is burned out),or if the OBD-II system has determinedthat some of the emission control systemshave not been properly checked. In thiscase, the vehicle is not ready for I/Mtesting.
If the vehicle’s engine or transmission hasjust been serviced, or the battery hasrecently run down or been replaced, theOBD-II system may indicate that thevehicle is not ready for I/M testing. Todetermine if the vehicle is ready for I/Mtesting, turn the ignition key to the onposition for 15 seconds without crankingthe engine. If the service engine soonindicator blinks eight times, it means thatthe vehicle is not ready for I/M testing; ifthe service engine soon indicator stays onsolid, it means that your vehicle is readyfor I/M testing.
The OBD-II system checks the emissioncontrol system during normal driving. Acomplete check may take several days.
If the vehicle is not ready for I/M testing,you can perform the following driving cycleconsisting of mixed city and highwaydriving:
1.15 minutes of steady driving on anexpressway or highway followed by 20minutes of stop-and-go driving with atleast four 30-second idle periods.
2.Allow your vehicle to sit for at leasteight hours with the ignition off. Then,start the vehicle and complete theabove driving cycle. The vehicle mustwarm up to its normal operatingtemperature. Once started, do not turnoff the vehicle until the above drivingcycle is complete.
If the vehicle is still not ready for I/Mtesting, you need to repeat the abovedriving cycle.
SELECTIVE CATALYTIC
REDUCTANT SYSTEM - DIESEL
Your vehicle may have a selective catalyticreduction system. This system helpsreduce emission levels of oxides ofnitrogen from the exhaust system. Thesystem automatically injects dieselexhaust fluid into the exhaust system toenable correct selective catalytic reductionsystem function.
Note:Selective catalytic reduction systemsare not fitted to vehicles in markets whereonly high-sulfur diesel fuel is available.
Diesel Exhaust Fluid Level
In order for the system to operate correctlyyou must maintain the diesel exhaust fluidlevel.
The system has a sensor to monitor fluidlevel and quality/concentration. A warningmessage appears in the informationdisplay when the diesel exhaust fluid levelis low. If a warning message appears, refillthe diesel exhaust fluid tank as soon aspossible. See Information Messages(page 75).
Filling the Diesel Exhaust FluidTank
WARNING: Keep diesel exhaustfluid out of reach of children. Avoidcontact with skin, eyes or clothing. Incase of contact with your eyes, flushimmediately with water and get promptmedical attention. In case of contactwith your skin, clean immediately withsoap and water. If you swallow anydiesel exhaust fluid, drink plenty ofwater, call a physician immediately.
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•Do not dilute diesel exhaust fluid withwater or any other liquid.
•An ammonia odor may be smelledwhen the cap is removed or duringrefill. Refill diesel exhaust fluid in a wellventilated area.
Typical Diesel Exhaust Fluid UsageWhen Using the Power Take Off (PTO)
Continuous PTO use—Minimal PTO use
0–7,800 mi (0–12,550 km)
Contaminated Diesel ExhaustFluid or Inoperative SelectiveCatalytic Reduction System
Selective catalytic reduction systems aresensitive to contamination of the dieselexhaust fluid. Maintaining the purity of thefluid is important to avoid systemmalfunctions. Do not add fuel or anyadditive to the diesel exhaust fluid tank. Ifyou remove or drain the diesel exhaust fluidtank, do not use the same fluid to refill thetank. The system has a sensor to monitorfluid quality.
A warning lamp illuminates anda message appears in theinformation display if the systembecomes contaminated or inoperative.
Continued driving without replacing dieselexhaust fluid or having the selectivecatalytic reduction system repaired resultsin the following actions as required by theCalifornia Air Resources Board (CARB) andU.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA):
•Within a preset distance to empty,speed is limited upon vehicle restart.Prior to this occurring a messageappears in the information display.
•Further vehicle operation withoutreplacing contaminated diesel exhaustfluid causes the engine to enter anidle-only condition. This only occursupon vehicle refueling, vehicle idling inpark for 1 hour, or engine shutdown for10 minutes or more and is indicated bya message in the information displayindicating the required actions toresume normal operation.
Note:For vehicle speed limiting or idle-onlycondition, normal vehicle operation resumeswhen you repair the contaminated system.To service a contaminated or inoperativesystem, see an authorized dealer.
DIESEL PARTICULATE FILTER
Your vehicle has a diesel particulate filter.The diesel particulate filter is an inline filterin the exhaust system that reduces carbonemissions by trapping exhaust particlesbefore they reach the tailpipe. The dieselparticulate filter looks similar to atraditional exhaust catalyst, except larger,and is part of the exhaust system underyour vehicle. The filter couples to a dieseloxidation catalyst that reduces the amountof harmful exhaust emitted from thetailpipe. As soot gathers in the system, itbegins to restrict the filter. Periodically, youneed to clean the soot that gathers insidethe filter. You can clean the soot in twodifferent ways, passive regeneration andactive regeneration. Both methods occur
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When the engine control module detectsthat the diesel particulate filter is nearlyfull of particulates and you are notoperating your vehicle in a manner to alloweffective automatic regeneration,messages appear in the informationdisplay as a reminder for you to drive yourvehicle in order to clean the dieselparticulate filter. If you drive your vehiclein a manner to allow effective automaticregeneration, the information displayshows a cleaning exhaust filter message,which is the normal regeneration process.You can also choose operator commandedregeneration to clean the exhaust systemat this point. See Information Messages(page 75).
If you are not able to drive in a manner thatallows effective automatic activeregeneration or you choose to performregeneration of the diesel particulate filterwhile at idle, then operator commandedregeneration would need to be performed.
Operator Commanded Regeneration(If Equipped)
If your vehicle is operated with significantstationary operation, low speed drivecycles less than 25 mph (40 km/h), shortdrive cycles, a drive time is less than 10 -15 minutes or the vehicle does not fullywarm up, passive and active regenerationmay not sufficiently clean the dieselparticulate filter system. Operatorcommanded regeneration allows you tomanually start regeneration of the dieselparticulate filter at idle to clean the filteronly when the diesel particulate filter is full(100%). If you are not sure whether yourvehicle has this feature, contact anauthorized dealer.
When to Carry Out Operator CommandedRegeneration
You can use the operator commandedregeneration feature when a messageappears in the information display only.When viewing the Exhaust Filter Statusmessage - Exhaust Filter XX% and thediesel particulate filter message indicatesFULL, and you are not able to drive in amanner that allows effective automaticactive regeneration, or if you choose tomanually start the regeneration of thediesel particulate filter manually while thevehicle is idle. See InformationMessages (page 75).
How to Run Multiple Regeneration Cycles
1.Park the vehicle in an outdoor location.
2.Fully raise the vehicle hood. The hoodshould remain up for the entireregeneration process.
3.Start the DPF Service Regenerationprocedure on the vehicle. The DPFregeneration cycle should takeapproximately 30 minutes tocomplete.
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2024 F-650/750 (TBC) , enUSA, Edition date: 202210, First-PrintingEngine Emission Control