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368 Driving and Operating
transmission in P (Park) for a
few minutes before turning
the engine off. If the overheat
warning comes on, see Engine
Overheating0398.
Parking on Hills
{Warning
To prevent serious injury or
death, always park your
vehicle and trailer on a level
surface when possible.
When parking your vehicle and
your trailer on a hill: 1. Press the brake pedal, but do not shift into P (Park)
yet. Turn the wheels into
the curb if facing downhill
or into traffic if facing
uphill.
2. Have someone place chocks under the trailer
wheels. 3. When the wheel chocks
are in place, gradually
release the brake pedal to
allow the chocks to absorb
the load of the trailer.
4. Reapply the brake pedal. Then apply the parking
brake and shift into
P (Park).
5. Release the brake pedal.
Leaving After Parking on
a Hill
1. Apply and hold the brake pedal.
.Start the engine.
.Shift into the
desired gear.
.Release the parking
brake.
2. Let up on the brake pedal.
3. Drive slowly until the trailer is clear of the chocks.
4. Stop and have someone pick up and store the
chocks.
Maintenance when Trailer
Towing
The vehicle needs service
more often when used to tow
trailers. See Maintenance
Schedule 0471. It is especially
important to check the
automatic transmission fluid,
engine oil, axle lubricant, belts,
cooling system, and brake
system before and during
each trip.
Check periodically that all nuts
and bolts on the trailer hitch
are tight.
Engine Cooling when
Trailer Towing
The cooling system may
temporarily overheat during
severe operating conditions.
See Engine Overheating
0 398.
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Driving and Operating 369
Trailer Towing (LSY
2.0L L4 and LGY 3.0L
V6 Engines Only)
Caution
Towing a trailer improperly
can damage the vehicle and
result in costly repairs not
covered by the vehicle
warranty. To tow a trailer
correctly, follow the
directions in this section and
see your dealer for
important information about
towing a trailer with the
vehicle.
Never tow a trailer with a
V-Series or V-Series
Blackwing. These models are
not designed or intended to
tow a trailer.
Trailer Weight
{Warning
Never exceed the towing
capacity for your vehicle.
Safe trailering requires
monitoring the weight, speed,
altitude, road grades, outside
temperature, dimensions of
the front of the trailer, and
how frequently the vehicle is
used to tow a trailer.
Before towing a trailer, always
separately weigh:
.the total weight on the
vehicle's tires.
.the trailer.
.the trailer tongue.
{Warning
You and others could be
seriously injured or killed if
the trailer is too heavy or
the trailer brakes are
inadequate for the load. The
vehicle may be damaged, (Continued)
Warning (Continued)
and the repairs would not be
covered by the vehicle
warranty.
Only tow a trailer if all the
steps in this section have
been followed. Ask your
dealer for advice and
information about towing a
trailer.
Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating (GVWR)
For information about the
vehicle's maximum load
capacity, see Vehicle Load
Limits0261. When calculating
the GVWR with a trailer
attached, the trailer tongue
weight must be included as
part of the weight the vehicle
is carrying.
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370 Driving and Operating
Maximum Trailer Weight
The trailer should never weigh
more than 454 kg (1,000 lb).
The maximum allowable
weight of the trailer may be
lower based on the weight of
the passengers and cargo in
your trailer.
The maximum trailer weight
rating is calculated assuming
only the driver is in the tow
vehicle and it has all the
required trailering equipment.
The weight of additional
optional equipment,
passengers, and cargo in the
tow vehicle must be
subtracted from the maximum
trailer weight.
Trailer Load Balance
The correct trailer load
balance must be maintained to
ensure trailer stability.
Incorrect load balance is a
leading cause of trailer sway.
The trailer tongue weight (1)
should be 10–15% of the
loaded trailer weight (2). Some
specific trailer types, such as
boat trailers, fall outside of
this range. Always refer to the
trailer owner’s manual for the
recommended trailer tongue
weight for each trailer. Never
exceed the maximum loads for
your vehicle, hitch, and trailer.
After loading the trailer,
separately weigh the trailer
and then the trailer tongue
and calculate the trailer load
balance percentage to see if
the weights and distributionare appropriate for your
vehicle. If the trailer weight is
too high, it may be possible to
transfer some of the cargo
into your vehicle. If the trailer
tongue weight is too high or
too low, it may be possible to
rearrange some of the cargo
inside of the trailer.
Do not exceed the maximum
allowable tongue weight for
your vehicle. Use the shortest
hitch extension available to
position the hitch ball closer to
your vehicle. This will help
reduce the effect of the trailer
tongue weight on the trailer
hitch and the rear axle.
If a cargo carrier is used in the
trailer hitch receiver, choose a
carrier that positions the load
as close to the vehicle as
possible. Make sure the total
weight, including the carrier, is
no more than half of the
maximum allowable tongue
weight for the vehicle or
227 kg (500 lb), whichever
is less.
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Driving and Operating 371
Ask your dealer for trailering
information or assistance.
Towing Equipment
Hitches
Always use the correct hitch
equipment for your vehicle.
Crosswinds, large trucks going
by, and rough roads can affect
the trailer and the hitch.
Never attach rental hitches or
other bumper-type hitches.
Only use frame-mounted
hitches that do not attach to
the bumper.
Always seal any holes in your
vehicle if the trailer hitch
removed. If not sealed, dirt,
water, and carbon monoxide
(CO) from the exhaust may
enter your vehicle. See Engine
Exhaust0276.
Consider using mechanical
sway controls with any trailer.
Ask a trailering professional
about sway controls or refer to the trailer manufacturer's
recommendations and
instructions.
Tires
.Do not tow a trailer while
using a compact spare tire
on the vehicle.
.Tires must be properly
inflated to support loads
while towing a trailer. See
Tires
0418 for instructions
on proper tire inflation.
Safety Chains
Always attach chains between
the vehicle and the trailer, and
attach the chains to the holes
on the trailer hitch platform.
Instructions about safety
chains may be provided by the
hitch manufacturer or by the
trailer manufacturer.
Cross the safety chains under
the tongue of the trailer to
help prevent the tongue from
contacting the road if it
becomes separated from the
hitch. Always leave just
enough slack so the combination can turn. Never
allow safety chains to drag on
the ground.
Trailer Brakes
Loaded trailers over 450 kg
(1,000 lb) must be equipped
with brake systems and with
brakes for each axle. Trailer
braking equipment conforming
to Canadian Standards
Association (CSA) requirement
CAN3-D313, or its equivalent,
is recommended.
State or local regulations may
require trailers to have their
own braking system if the
loaded weight of the trailer
exceeds certain minimums
that can vary from state to
state. Read and follow the
instructions for the trailer
brakes so they are installed,
adjusted, and maintained
properly. Never attempt to tap
into your vehicle's hydraulic
brake system. If you do, both
the vehicle anti-lock brakes
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372 Driving and Operating
and the trailer brakes may not
function, which could result in
a crash.
Turn Signals When
Towing a Trailer
When properly connected, the
trailer turn signals will
illuminate to indicate the
vehicle is turning, changing
lanes, or stopping. When
towing a trailer, the arrows on
the instrument cluster will
illuminate even if the trailer is
not properly connected or the
bulbs are burned out.
Conversions and
Add-Ons
Add-On Electrical
Equipment
{Warning
The Data Link Connector
(DLC) is used for vehicle
service and Emission
Inspection/Maintenance
testing. See Malfunction
Indicator Lamp (Check
Engine Light)0125. A device
connected to the DLC —
such as an aftermarket fleet
or driver-behavior tracking
device —may interfere with
vehicle systems. This could
affect vehicle operation and
cause a crash. Such devices
may also access information
stored in the vehicle’s
systems.
Caution
Some electrical equipment
can damage the vehicle or
cause components to not
work and would not be
covered by the vehicle
warranty. Always check with
your dealer before adding
electrical equipment.
Add-on equipment can drain
the vehicle's 12-volt battery,
even if the vehicle is not
operating.
The vehicle has an airbag
system. Before attempting to
add anything electrical to the
vehicle, see Servicing the
Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 077
and
Adding Equipment to the
Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 077.
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Vehicle Care 373
Vehicle Care
General Information
General Information . . . . . . 374
California PerchlorateMaterials
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Accessories and Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your OwnService Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
Engine Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
Engine Oil Life System . . . 386
Automatic Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Manual Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Hydraulic Clutch . . . . . . . . . . . 388
Engine Air Filter Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Engine Air Cleaner/ Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Engine Overheating . . . . . . 398
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399 Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Brake Pad Life System (If
Equipped) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404
Battery - North America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405
All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check . . . . . . . 406
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
Windshield Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
Headlamp Aiming
Front Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Bulb Replacement
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Electrical System
Electrical SystemOverload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 411
Engine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414 Rear Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
Wheels and Tires
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 418
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Run-Flat Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
Self-Sealing Tires . . . . . . . . . 420
Noise Reducing Tires(V-Series
Blackwing Only) . . . . . . . . . . . 421
Low-Profile Tires . . . . . . . . . . 421
Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . 422
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . 423
Tire Terminology and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
Tire Pressure for High-Speed
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
Tire Pressure Monitor System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
Tire Pressure Monitor Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 431
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
When It Is Time for New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . 437
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374 Vehicle Care
Different Size Tires andWheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Uniform Tire Quality Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 439
Wheel Alignment and Tire
Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . 441
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . 443
Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . 444
Storing the Tire Sealant and Compressor Kit . . . . . 451
Jump Starting
Jump Starting - NorthAmerica . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 452
Towing the Vehicle
Transporting a Disabled
Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455
Recreational Vehicle Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
Appearance Care
Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467
General
Information
For service and parts needs,
visit your dealer. You will
receive genuine GM parts and
GM-trained and supported
service people.
Genuine GM parts have one of
these marks:
California Perchlorate
Materials
Requirements
Certain types of automotive
applications, such as airbag
initiators, seat belt
pretensioners, and lithium
batteries contained in
electronic keys, may contain
perchlorate materials.
Perchlorate Material –special
handling may apply. See
www.dtsc.ca.gov/
hazardouswaste/perchlorate.
Accessories and
Modifications
Adding non-dealer accessories
or making modifications to the
vehicle can affect vehicle
performance and safety,
including such things as
airbags, braking, stability, ride
and handling, emissions
systems, aerodynamics,
durability, Driver Assistance
Systems, and electronic
systems like antilock brakes,
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Vehicle Care 375
traction control, and stability
control. These accessories or
modifications could even
cause malfunction or damage
not covered by the vehicle
warranty.
Damage to suspension
components caused by
modifying vehicle height
outside of factory settings will
not be covered by the vehicle
warranty.
Damage to vehicle
components resulting from
modifications or the
installation or use of non-GM
certified parts, including
control module or software
modifications, is not covered
under the terms of the vehicle
warranty and may affect
remaining warranty coverage
for affected parts.
GM Accessories are designed
to complement and function
with other systems on the
vehicle. See your dealer to
accessorize the vehicle usinggenuine GM Accessories
installed by a dealer
technician.
Also, see Adding Equipment to
the Airbag-Equipped Vehicle
0
77.
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your Own
Service Work
{Warning
It can be dangerous to work
on your vehicle if you do not
have the proper knowledge,
service manual, tools,
or parts. Always follow
owner’s manual procedures
and consult the service
manual for your vehicle
before doing any
service work. If doing some of your own
service work, use the proper
service manual. It tells you
much more about how to
service the vehicle than this
manual can. To order the
proper service manual, see
Publication Ordering
Information
0496.
This vehicle has an airbag
system. Before attempting to
do your own service work, see
Servicing the Airbag-Equipped
Vehicle 077.
If equipped with remote
vehicle start, open the hood
before performing any service
work to prevent remote
starting the vehicle
accidentally. See Remote
Vehicle Start 016.
Keep a record with all parts
receipts and list the mileage
and the date of any service
work performed. See
Maintenance Records 0479.