13B-9V9 MR-372-J84-13B450$020.mif
DIESEL INJECTION
Fault finding – Cleanliness guidelines13B
EDC16 C36
Program No.: 91
Vdiag No.: 44, 4C, 48,
50, 54, 58
Check that you have hermetically resealable plastic bags for storing removed parts. Parts stored in this way will be
less susceptible to the risk of contamination. The bags are to be used once only, and discarded after use.
Obtain lint-free cleaning cloths (cloth part number 77 11 211 707). Using normal cloth or paper is prohibited. They
are not lint-free and could contaminate the fuel circuit. A lint-free cloth should only be used once.
Use fresh cleaning agent for each operation (used cleaning agent is contaminated). Pour it into a clean receptacle.
For each operation, use a clean brush in good condition (the brush must not shed its bristles).
Use a brush and cleaning agent to clean the unions to be opened.
Blow compressed air over the cleaned parts (tools, workbench, the parts, unions and injection system zones). Check
that no bristles are left.
Wash your hands before and during the operation if necessary.
When wearing leather protective gloves cover them with latex gloves to prevent contamination.
3. INSTRUCTIONS TO BE FOLLOWED DURING THE OPERATION
As soon as the circuit is open, all openings must be plugged to prevent impurities from entering the system. The
plugs to be used are available from the Parts Department. The plugs must not be reused under any circumstances.
Seal the pouch shut, even if it has to be opened shortly afterwards. The ambient atmosphere carries contamination.
All components removed from the injection system must be stored in a hermetically-sealed plastic bag once the
plugs have been inserted.
Using a brush, cleaning agent, air gun, brush or normal cloth is strictly prohibited once the circuit has been opened.
These items could allow contamination to enter the system.
A new component replacing an old one must not be removed from its packaging until it is to be fitted to the vehicle.
13B-11V9 MR-372-J84-13B450$030.mif
DIESEL INJECTION
Fault finding – List and location of components13B
EDC16 C36
Program No.: 91
Vdiag No.: 44, 4C, 48,
50, 54, 58
Refrigerant pressure sensor:
This sensor is located on the coolant circuit.
Engine coolant temperature sensor:
This sensor is located on the cylinder head near the engine water chamber.
Air temperature sensor:
The air temperature sensor is located at the air circuit inlet, integrated into the air flowmeter.
Turbocharging pressure sensor solenoid valve:
This solenoid valve is located on the turbocharger.
Catalytic converter:
The catalytic converter is located downstream of the turbocharger.
Fuel temperature sensor:
This sensor is located near the injection pump and injector return.
Cruise control/speed limiter on/off switch:
This switch is located in the passenger compartment to the left of the steering wheel near the lighting dimmer.
Fan unit relay:
The relay is located on the cooling radiator.
Accelerator potentiometer:
The potentiometer is located on the accelerator pedal.
Clutch pedal switch:
The switch is located on the clutch pedal.
Heater plugs:
The heater plugs are located on the cylinder head.
The richness ratio sensor:
The richness ratio sensor is mounted in the turbo outlet.
The turbocharger cooling pump:
This pump is located next to the turbocharger.
Particle filter downstream temperature sensor:
The sensor is located after the particle filter (only on certain F9Q816 engines in Vdiag 48).
Particle filter upstream temperature sensor:
The sensor is located before the particle filter (only on engine type F9Q816).
Particle filter differential pressure sensor:
The sensor is located on the particle filter (only on engine type F9Q816).
13B-12V9 MR-372-J84-13B450$040.mif
13B
EDC16 C36
Program No.: 91
Vdiag No.: 44, 4C, 48,
50, 54, 58
High pressure pump:
The pump draws in fuel from the tank, which passes through a fuel filter and supplies the fuel injectors.
Rail pressure sensor:
This sensor is fitted to the rail and indicates the pressure inside the rail.
Rail pressure regulator:
This component regulates the high pressure of the fuel in the injection system.
Fuel temperature sensor:
This sensor measures the fuel return temperature from the pump and injector return.
Four injectors:
These injectors enable rapid, precise metering of the quantity of fuel injected, with excellent injection process repeat
action.
Vacuum pump:
The vacuum pump is driven by the camshaft. The pump provides the vacuum required to operate the following
components: control solenoid valve, brake servo.
Control solenoid valve:
The solenoid valve controls the vacuum pump and the turbocharger vane control diaphragm.
Turbocharger:
The turbocharger is used to supply the engine with more air.
Turbocharger pressure sensor:
This sensor indicates the pressure at the turbocharger air cooler outlet before the damper valve.
Air mass flow meter:
The flowmeter measures the amount of fresh air entering the engine.
EGR valve:
Exhaust gas recirculation considerably reduces the nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx).
EGR position sensor:
The sensor gives the position of the EGR solenoid valve.
Damper valve:
The damper valve is used:
– When the engine is switched off, to dampen the engine which helps stop the engine.
– When in the rest position; the valve is open by default.
DIESEL INJECTION
Fault finding – Role of components
13B-14V9 MR-372-J84-13B450$040.mif
DIESEL INJECTION
Fault finding – Role of components13B
EDC16 C36
Program No.: 91
Vdiag No.: 44, 4C, 48,
50, 54, 58
Clutch pedal switch:
The clutch pedal switch informs the computer of the pedal status.
Heater plugs:
The heater plugs preheat the combustion chamber so that the mixture detonation takes place under the best
conditions and thus start the engine.
Injector rail:
The injector rail receives and redistributes the fuel under high pressure to the injectors.
The richness ratio sensor:
The function of the proportional mixture sensor is to reset the injection system drift.
The turbocharger cooling pump:
This pump circulates the coolant to reduce the temperature of the turbocharger.
Particle filter downstream temperature sensor:
This sensor informs the computer of the temperature of the exhaust gases at the particle filter outlet (only on certain
engine types F9Q816 in Vdiag 48).
Particle filter upstream temperature sensor:
This sensor informs the computer of the temperature of the exhaust gases at the particle filter inlet (only engine
typeF9Q816).
Particle filter differential pressure sensor:
A differential pressure sensor monitors the status of the particle filter (particle weight) and triggers regeneration.
Role: To calculate the difference in pressure between the particle filter inlet and outlet (only engine type F9Q816).
13B-15V9 MR-372-J84-13B450$050.mif
13B
EDC16 C36
Program No.: 91
Vdiag No.: 44, 4C, 48,
50, 54, 58
System outline
The high pressure injection system is designed to deliver a precise quantity of diesel fuel to the engine at a set
moment.
It is fitted with a BOSCH 128-track computer, type EDC16C36.
The system comprises:
– a priming bulb on the low pressure circuit,
– a diesel filter,
– a high pressure pump with a built-in low pressure pump (transfer pump),
– a high pressure regulator mounted on the pump,
– an injector rail,
– a diesel fuel pressure sensor built into the rail,
– four solenoid injectors,
– a diesel temperature sensor,
– a coolant temperature sensor,
– a cylinder reference sensor,
– an engine speed sensor,
– a turbocharger pressure sensor,
– an accelerator pedal potentiometer,
– an exhaust gas recirculation solenoid valve,
– a recycled gas cooling solenoid valve,
– an atmospheric pressure sensor integrated into the injection computer,
– an air flowmeter fitted with an air temperature sensor,
– a turbocharging pressure limitation solenoid valve,
– a motorised damper valve,
– a particle filter (F9Q816 engine only),
– a particle filter differential pressure sensor (F9Q816 engine only),
– a temperature sensor upstream of the particle filter (F9Q816 engine only),
– a temperature sensor downstream of the particle filter (only on certain F9Q816 engines in VDiag 48),
– a temperature sensor upstream of the turbine (F9Q816 engine only),
– a richness ratio sensor,
– a turbocharger cooling pump.
The common rail direct high pressure injection system works sequentially (based on the petrol engine multipoint
injection).
This injection system reduces operating noise, reduces the volume of pollutant gases and particles and produces
high engine torque at low engine speeds thanks to a pre-injection procedure.
The high pressure pump generates the high pressure and transmits it to the injector rail. The actuator located on the
pump controls the quantity of diesel supplied, according to the demand determined by the computer. The rail
supplies each injector through a steel pipe.
DIESEL INJECTION
Fault finding – Features
13B-16V9 MR-372-J84-13B450$050.mif
DIESEL INJECTION
Fault finding – Features13B
EDC16 C36
Program No.: 91
Vdiag No.: 44, 4C, 48,
50, 54, 58
The high pressure pump is supplied at low pressure by an integrated low pressure pump (transfer pump).
It supplies the rail, the pressure of which is controlled by the fuel flow actuator (MPROP) for charging, and for
discharging by the injector valves. This compensates for pressure drops. The flow actuator allows the high pressure
pump to supply the exact quantity of diesel fuel required to maintain the pressure in the rail. This component
minimises the heat generated and improves engine output. In order to discharge the rail using the injector valves,
the valves are controlled by brief electrical pulses which are:
– short enough not to open the injector (passing through the feedback circuit from the injectors),
– long enough to open the valves and discharge the rail.
Some vehicles have a presence sensor mounted in the filter for detecting water in the diesel. If there is water in the
diesel fuel, the orange “Injection and pre-post heating” warning light will come on.
The system can inject diesel fuel into the engine at a pressure of up to 1600 bar. Before each operation, check that
the injector rail is depressurised and that the fuel temperature is not too high.
You must respect the cleanliness guidelines and safety advice specified in this document for any work on the high
pressure injection system.
Removal of the internal parts of the pump and injectors is prohibited. Only the fuel flow regulator/actuator, diesel fuel
temperature sensor and the venturi can be replaced.
For safety reasons, it is strictly prohibited to undo a high pressure pipe union when the engine is running.
It is not possible to remove the pressure sensor from the fuel rail because this may cause circuit contamination
faults. If the pressure sensor is defective, replace the pressure sensor, rail and high pressure pipes associated with
the rail.
Supplying + 12 V directly to any component in the system is prohibited.
Ultrasonic decoking and cleaning are prohibited.
Never start the engine unless the battery is connected correctly.
Disconnect the injection computer when carrying out any welding work on the vehicle. WARNING
The engine must not operate with:
– Diesel fuel containing more than 10% diester,
– petrol, even in tiny quantities.
13B-17V9 MR-372-J84-13B450$050.mif
DIESEL INJECTION
Fault finding – Features13B
EDC16 C36
Program No.: 91
Vdiag No.: 44, 4C, 48,
50, 54, 58
a. The computer:
Determines the value of injection pressure necessary for the engine to operate correctly and then controls the
pressure regulator.
Checks that the pressure value is correct by analysing the value transmitted by the pressure sensor located on the
rail.
It determines the injection timing required to deliver the right quantity of diesel fuel and the moment when injection
should start. Controls each injector electrically and individually after determining these two values.
The flow injected into the engine is determined by:
– the duration of injector control,
– the rail pressure (regulated by the computer),
– the injector opening and closing speed,
– the needle stroke (determined by a constant for the type of injector),
– the nominal hydraulic flow of the injector (specific to each injector).
The computer manages:
– idling regulation,
– exhaust gas flow reinjection to the inlet (EGR),
– fuel supply check (advance, flow and rail pressure),
– the fan assembly control,
– the air conditioning (cold loop function),
– the cruise control/speed limiter function,
– pre-post heating control,
– indicator lights control via the multiplex network,
– the catalysed particle filter operation (F9Q816 engine only).
13B-28V9 MR-372-J84-13B450$070.mif
13B
EDC16 C36
Program No.: 91
Vdiag No.: 44, 4C, 48,
50, 54, 58
Summary of available configuration readings
NOTESConfiguration readings are used to check the state of configurations performed.
The configuration readings cannot be changed.
The computer is configured as soon as the one of the vehicle's optional system
components is operated.
In the event of a fault, consult the interpretation of command RZ005 Programming.
LC009Air conditioning
WITH OR WITHOUT
LC056Heating elements
WITH OR WITHOUT
LC065Water in diesel fuel sensor
WITH OR WITHOUT
LC120Cruise control
WITH OR WITHOUT
LC121Speed limiter
WITH OR WITHOUT
DIESEL INJECTION
Fault finding – Configuration and programming