21 MANUAL GEARBOXSecti ons.......................................................... 21-1
Identification ................................................. 21-2
Tightening moments...................................... 21-3
Ratios ............................................................ 21-4
Capacity, lubricants....................................... 21-5
Particul arities................................................. 21-6
Ingredie nts..................................................... 21-7
Parts of systema tic replacement.................... 21-8
S pecial tools.................................................. 21-9
Gearbox dismounting ................................... 21-10
29 DRIVE SHAFTS Front transversa l transmission........................ 29-1
Bell ows - Be aring assembly to
t he gearbox.................................................... 29-4
Bell ows to wheel........................................... 29-7
Be llows to gearbox....................................... 29-12
Bell ows to wheel........................................... 29-15
30 GENERAL General principle sc hedule
of the brake circuit........................................ 30-1
Tightening moments...................................... 30-2
Com position and dimensions
of the ma in braking system elements............ 30-6
Br aking system diagnostic............................ 30-7
Br ake connections and se werage.................. 30-12
Br ake fluid.................................................... 30-13
Br aking circuit purging................................. 30-14
The inf luence of the front axle angle s on
t he road behaivior (vehicle comportment)
and on tyres wear........................................... 30-16
Prelimi nary checking..................................... 30-17
C hecking of the front axles adjustment......... 30-19
31 FRONT BEARING ELEMENTS Characteristics... .......................................... 31-1
Sus pension arm... .......................................... 31-2
Elastic bushings of suspension arm............... 31-4
Sus pension ball joint..................................... 31-5
Br ake gaskets................................................ 31-6
Br ake caliper................................................. 31-7
Br ake disk..................................................... 31-9
St eering knuckle............................................ 31-10
St eering knuckle bearing. .............................. 31-12
Fr ont suspension............................................ 31-13
Shock absor ber, Sprint. ................................. 31-14
Sp ring assembly shock absorber................... 31-15
Anti-roll bar................................................... 31-17
33 REAR BEARING ELEMENTS Characteristics............................................... 33-1
Rear axle....................................................... 33-2 Re
ar suspension............................................ 33-4
Shock absorber............................................. 33-5
Spring ........................................................... 33-6
Br ake drum................................................... 33-7
Br ake cylinder.............................................. 33-8
Br ake shoes.................................................. 33-10
Be aring (25 x 52 x 37)................................ 33-12
35 WHEELS AND TYRES Characteristics.............................................. 35-1
Wheels balancing......................................... 35–4
36 STEERING ASSEMBLY Axial ball joint............................................. 36-1
Steering box................................................. 36-3
Pus her........................................................... 36-4
Noise absorber bearing................................. 36-5
Bell ows......................................................... 36-6
Deformable lower shaft................................ 36-7
Ste ering weel position adjustment................ 36-9
37 MECHANICAL ELEMENTS CONTROLS Brake pump.................................................. 37-1
Servobrake................................................... 37-6
Air filter – se rvobrake reta iner valve........... 37-9
Handbrake adjustment.................................. 37-10
Handbrake control lever............................... 37-11
Handbrake secondary cable.......................... 37-12
Br ake flexible hoses..................................... 37-14
Br ake pressure controller.............................. 37-16
clutch hydraulic control................................ 37-19
The gear control........................................... 37-23
Pe dals support.............................................. 37-25
Acceleration pedal....................................... 37-26
Acceleration contr ol cable........................... 37-27
Transmission2
Chasis3
SION
LL
NT
vnx.su
VALUES AND SETTINGS
07DIMENSIONS UNDER CARRIAGE BODY
DIMENSIONS UNDER CARRIAGE BODY CONDITIONING
ADJUSTMENT OPERATIONS OF THE STEERING ANGLES
H 1, H4 - distance between the wheel center to the ground.
H2 - distance from the girder lower part at the ground to the front wheels axis level.
H5 - distance from the attachment screw axis of the rear axle a rm, to the ground
07 - 8
H5
vnx.su
VALUES AND SETTINGS
07C HECKING VALUES OF THE REAR AXLE ANGLES
07 - 10
ADJUSTMENTSNot adjustable
Not adjustable
REAR AXLE
POSITION
Rele ase
Rele ase
H4 - H5 = 20
VALUES
0
0 ... 00 30’
1 +/- 0,5 mm
ANGLES
CAMBER ( nega tive)
P ARALLELISM
( toe in )
TIGHTENING POSITION
OF TH E ELASTIC
BUSHINGS
For the values checking of the front axle angles, consequently the rear axle angles, the vehicle
must:
- to be placed with the wheels on the rotating plates ( of the bench ) being in horizontal plane;
- to ensure its braking;
- to check its suspension for vehicle setting at its free height;
- to compress its front axle at half loading ( by means of the compressing device DIR 500);
- to check its suspension for vehicle setting at its free position;
- steering brought at middle point and the steering box blocked in this position;
These op erations are followed by the optical device attachment on the vehicle, observing the
instructions of the steering angles checking bench manufacturer.
vnx.su
30
GENERAL
30 - 17
PRELIMINARY CHECKING
Before c hecking and adjustment of the front a xle ge ometry, pe rform t he followings
operations: * The checking of tires concerning: - dimensions
- air pressure
- the state of wear;
NOTE :
The t ires must be of same t ype, with the same state of wear, ai r pressured at the
prescribed pressure.
*The check of joints: - the wear of e lastic bushings
- the steering ball joints clearance
- the wheels bearings clearance.
NOTE :
The axial clearance of the bearings must be in admissible limits. ESTABLISHING OF THE STEERING CENTRAL POINT
In order to perform a front a xle checking and adjustment, it is ne cessary t o e stablish the
centra l point in order t o avoid measurement errors.
To do that, bring the steering wheel so that device DIR 500 for steering box ra ck
blocking is enteri ng in the orifice placed at its right upper part .
vnx.su
30
GENERAL
30 - 19
C
HECKING OF THE FRONT AXLE ADJUSTMENT
Case 1:
The symmetry dimension “X” is correct-the value “A” is equaled distributed.
Case 2:
The symmetry dimension “X” is i ncorrect-read the value “A” on e ach side, a dds it, and
calculate the avera ge value, establishing the value for each side.
Example:
Right side value : A = 16;
Left side value : A = 10;
16 + 10 = 26; 26 : 2 = 13;
Operating the steering rods tie bar, restore the same value for both sides A = 13.
In this position, lock the rotating plates at zero poi nt.
Check in the following sequence: - camber angle;
- caster a ngle;
- parallelism;
- ball joint angle.
PARALLELISM ADJUSTMENT
Loosen t he l ock nut (1) maintaining the tie
rod of steering connecting rod (2) in a fixed
position.
Act upon t he t ie rod of steering c onnecting
rod taking into account its rotation sense of
in order to obtain the convergence or
divergence and also the fact that one of its
complete rotation leads to an axial
displacement of 1,5 mm.
OBSERVATION
The opening between the wheel’s front
and rear is measured on a F=340 mm .
After obt a ining t he c orre ct pa ra llelism ,
tighten the lock nut at the required moment
of 5 daNm.
vnx.su
30
GENERAL
30 - 21
DIAGNOSIS
THE DEVIATION TO THE LEFT OR TO RIGHT AT STABLE SPEED
Pe rform the preliminary checking:
Wheels (front, rear) : Joints clearance:
- pressure - bushings
- dimensions
- types Checking points heights
- balancing - simetri e
A.m.
conditions
are respected
Correct the defi cient
The deviation persists
Checking fi nished
Check the front axle
steering geometry
The deviationpersists
NO
YES
NO
YES
YES
Check the rear axle
parallelism and the alignmentA
Checking fi nished
NO
C HECKING OF THE FRONT AXLE ADJUSTMENT
vnx.su
33
REAR BEARING ELEMENTS
BRAKE SHOES
DISMOUNTING
The re placement of brake shoes must
be performed in complete set, never mount
the brake shoes equipped with brake
linings of different brands and qualities. Dismount :
- t he brake drum ( see t he corre -
sponding paragraph); - the two m aintenance springs (R)
of the shoes with a brake cylinder rod (T). By means of the pliers FR05A the brake
cylinder pistons are immobilized. Remove t he return upper spri ng of the
shoes using the pliers FR03. Release the end of t he ha nd brake cable
off the hand brake lever.
Sw ing the adjustment lever (C) up t o t he
moment it c omes into contact with the re ar
wheel steering knuckle. Distance the shoes from the plate.
S
PECIAL TOOLS
DENOMINATION CODE
Plug extracting pliers RO441
Di smounting pliers for shoes return spring FR03
Pliers for maintaining brake cylinders pistons FR05A
TIGHTENING MOMENTS (daNm)
Wheel screw 7.5
Rear wheel steeri ng knuckle nut 16
33 - 10
vnx.su
36
STEERING ASSEMBLY
36 - 9
S
TEERING WHEEL POSITION ADJUSTMENT
The steering wheel adjustment on vertical, is performed as follows:
- control downwards the adjustment handle ( 3 ) placed under the steering wheel lower
casing.
-bring the steering wheel in the desired position and maintain it in this position
- control upwards the adjustment handle.
It is forbidden t o perform this adj ustment during driving.
1. Steering lower shaft
2. Lower bushing
3. Adjustment handle
4. Assembled steering support
5. Bearing
6. Lock for shaft
7. Steering wheel attachment nut
8. Steering upper shaft
vnx.su