2001 NISSAN X-TRAIL oil

EM-182
[YD22DDTi]
CYLINDER HEAD
CYLINDER HEAD
PFP:11041
On-Vehicle ServiceEBS00LRV
CHECKING COMPRESSION PRESSURE
1. Warm up engine thoroughly. Then, stop it.
2. Using CONSULT-II, make sure no error codes are indicated for self-diagnosis items. Refer to EC-1412,
"Basic Inspection" .
●Do not disconnect CONSULT-II until the end of this operation; it will be used to check engine rpm and
for error detection at the end of this operation.
3. Disconnect the negative battery terminal.
4. Remove charge air cooler. Refer to EM-122, "
Removal and Installation"
5. To prevent fuel from being injected during inspection, remove
fuel supply pump fuse [ENG CONT (20A)] from fuse box on the
left side of engine compartment.
●Among marks on fuse box, [ENG CONT 2 (20A)] is for fuel
supply pump fuse.
6. Remove glow plugs from all the cylinders. Refer to EM-138,
"Removal and Installation" .
CAUTION:
●Before removal, clean the surrounding area to prevent
entry of any foreign materials into the engine.
●Carefully remove glow plugs to prevent any damage or
breakage.
●Handle with care to avoid applying any shock to glow plugs.
7. Install adapter to installation holes of glow plugs and connect
compression gauge for diesel engine.
8. Connect battery negative terminal.
9. Set the ignition switch to “START” and crank. When gauge
pointer stabilizes, read compression pressure and engine rpm.
Repeat the above steps for each cylinder.
●Always use a fully-charged battery to obtain specified engine
speed.
Compression pressure
Unit: kPa (bar, kg/cm2 , psi)/rpm
●When engine rpm is out of the specified range, check the specific gravity of battery liquid. Measure
again under corrected conditions.
●If engine rpm exceeds the limit, check valve clearance and combustion chamber components (valves,
valve seats, cylinder head gaskets, piston rings, pistons, cylinder bores, cylinder block upper and lower
surfaces) and measure again.
●If compression pressure is low in some cylinders, apply engine oil from glow plug installation hole. Then
check pressure again.
–If compression pressure becomes normal after applying engine oil, piston ring may be worn or dam-
aged. Check piston ring for malfunction. If any, replace piston ring.
–If compression pressure is still low after applying engine oil, valve may be malfunctioning. Check valve
for malfunction. If contact malfunction is found, replace valve or valve seat.
●If compression pressure in adjacent two cylinders is low after applying engine oil, pressure may be
leaking from gasket. In this case, replace cylinder head gasket.
10. Complete this operation as follows:
PBIC0680E
: 18 - 21 N·m (1.8 - 2.2 kg-m, 13 - 15 ft-lb)
SEM112G
Standard Minimum Difference limit between cylinders
2,893 (28.9, 29.5, 419)/200 2,452 (24.52, 25.0, 356)/200 490 (4.90, 5.0, 71)/200

CYLINDER HEAD
EM-183
[YD22DDTi]
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a. Turn the ignition switch to “OFF”.
b. Disconnect battery negative terminal.
c. Install glow plug and install all the parts removed in step 4.
d. Install fuel supply pump fuse [ENG CONT (20A)].
e. Connect battery negative terminal.
f. Using CONSULT-II make sure no error code is indicated for items of self-diagnosis.
Removal and InstallationEBS00LRW
CAUTION:
Apply new engine oil to parts marked in illustration before installation.
REMOVAL
1. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-29, "Changing Engine Coolant" .
2. Remove the following parts:
●Charge air cooler (Refer to EM-122, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Rocker cover (Refer to EM-156, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Air cleaner and air duct (Refer to EM-120, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Vacuum pump (Refer to EM-139, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Injection tube, spill tube and fuel injector (Refer to EM-144, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Intake manifold (Refer to EM-123, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Exhaust manifold and Turbocharger (Refer to EM-127, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Secondary timing chain (Refer to EM-167, "Removal and Installation" .)
●Camshaft (Refer to EM-158, "Removal and Installation" .)
SBIA0193E
1. Glow plug 2. Cylinder head assembly 3. Cylinder head bolt
4. Thermal transmitter 5. Engine coolant temperature sensor 6. Gasket
7. Water outlet 8. Glow plate

EM-186
[YD22DDTi]
CYLINDER HEAD
*: Measured with head bolts tightened
2. Apply a continuous bead of Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent
on the surface shown in the figure.
A: Apply bead so that it does not protrude into oil passage. Refer
to E M - 111 , "
Precautions For Liquid Gasket" .
B: Minimize the overlapping area of the bead, with start and end
areas of bead as shown in the figure.
Apply so that the portion marked * comes at an external loca-
tion but cannot be viewed externally after engine is assembled.
3. Install cylinder head assembly.
●Tighten bolts in numerical order as shown in the figure
according to the following procedure:
a. Apply engine oil to bolt threads and seat surfaces.
b. Tighten bolts to 29 to 38 N·m (2.9 to 3.9 kg-m, 21 to 28 ft-lb).
c. Tighten 180° to 185° [target: 180°] (angular tightening).
d. Loosen completely to 0 N·m (0 kg-m, 0 in-lb) in the reverse order
of that shown in the figure.
e. Tighten bolts to 35 to 44 N·m (3.5 to 4.5 kg-m, 26 to 32 ft-lb).
f. Tighten 90° to 95° [target: 90°] (angular tightening)
g. Tighten another 90° to 95° [target: 90°] (angular tightening).
●When an angle wrench is not used, paint an alignment
mark on the head of cylinder head bolt and cylinder head
surface before tightening. Check the angle with a protrac-
tor.
4. Install glow plug.
●To avoid damage, glow plugs should be removed only
when required.
●Handle with care to avoid applying shock. When dropped
from approx. 100 mm (3.94 in) or higher, always replace
with a new one.
●Before installing, remove carbon depositing on mounting hole of glow plug with a reamer.
5. Install engine coolant temperature sensor and thermal transmitter.
PBIC1256E
JEM149G
JEM166G

CYLINDER HEAD
EM-187
[YD22DDTi]
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Disassembly and AssemblyEBS00LRX
CAUTION:
Apply new engine oil to parts marked in illustration before installation.
DISASSEMBLY
1. Remove adjusting shims and valve lifters.
●Check the installation positions, and keep them to avoid being
confused.
2. Remove valve.
●Using valve spring compressor, compress valve spring. Using
magnetic hand, remove valve collets.
3. Remove valve spring retainers and valve springs.
4. Remove valves as pressing valve stems toward combustion
chamber.
●Before removing the valve, check the valve guide clearance.
Refer to EM-189, "
Valve Guide Clearance" .
●Check installation positions, and keep them to avoid being
confused.
NOTE:
Refer to the figure for intake and exhaust valve positions.
Intake and exhaust valve driving cams are provided alter-
nately for each camshaft.
SBIA0194E
SBIA0195E
SBIA0196E

EM-188
[YD22DDTi]
CYLINDER HEAD
5. Remove valve oil seals using valve oil seal puller.
6. Remove valve spring seats.
7. Before removing valve spring seats, perform valve seat contact
check. Refer to EM-190, "
Valve Seat Contact" .
8. Before removing valve guides, perform valve guide clearance
check. Refer to EM-189, "
Valve Guide Clearance" .
ASSEMBLY
1. Install valve guides. Refer to EM-189, "Valve Guide Clearance" .
2. Install valve seats. Refer to EM-190, "
Valve Seat Replacement" .
3. Using valve oil seal drift, install valve oil seals referring to the
dimension shown in the figure.
4. Install valve spring seats.
5. Install valves.
●Install the valves with bigger outer diameter to intake valve
side.
●Note that valve layout here is different from that of conven-
tional engine.
6. Install valve spring.
7. Install valve spring retainers.
8. Using valve spring compressor, compress valve springs.
Then install valve collets using magnetic hand.
●After installing valve collets, tap the stem end using a plastic hammer, and check the installation status.
9. Install valve lifters and adjusting shims to the same positions as before.
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY
Cylinder Head Distortion
Using straightedge and feeler gauge, check the bottom of the cylin-
der head for distortion.
JEM153G
JEM165G
Limit : 0.04 mm (0.0016 in)
SEM496G

CYLINDER HEAD
EM-189
[YD22DDTi]
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Valve Dimension
Check dimensions of each valve. For dimensions, refer to SDS, EM-
221, "Va l v e" .
When valve head has been worn down to 1 mm (0.039 in) in margin
thickness, replace valve.
Grinding allowance for valve stem tip is 0.2 mm (0.008 in) or
less.
Valve Guide Clearance
●Perform the inspection before removing valve guides.
●Check that the valve stem diameter is within specifications.
●Push valve approximately 25 mm (0.98 in) toward combustion
chamber, move valve toward dial indicator to measure valve
movement.
●Valve guide clearance is 1/2 of movement on dial indicator.
●If the measured value exceeds the limit, replace valve guide.
Valve Guide Replacement
When removing valve guide, replace it with oversized [0.2 mm
(0.0008 in)] valve guide.
1. Heat cylinder head to 110 to 130°C (230 to 266°F) in oil bath.
2. Using valve guide drift, tap valve guides out from the combus-
tion chamber side.
CAUTION:
Cylinder head contains heat, when working, wear protective
equipment to avoid getting burned.
SEM188A
Standard:
I n t a k e : 0 . 0 2 0 - 0 . 0 5 3 m m ( 0 . 0 0 0 8 - 0 . 0 0 2 1 i n )
Exhaust : 0.040 - 0.073 mm (0.0016 - 0.0029 in)
Limit:
Intake : 0.08 mm (0.0031 in)
Exhaust : 0.10 mm (0.0039 in)
PBIC0414E
SEM008A
SEM931C

EM-190
[YD22DDTi]
CYLINDER HEAD
3. Remove cylinder head valve guide hole.
4. Heat cylinder head to 110 to 130°C (230 to 266°F) in oil bath.
5. Using valve guide drift, press fit valve guides from camshaft
side, referring to the dimension shown in the figure.
CAUTION:
Cylinder head contains heat, when working, wear protective
equipment to avoid getting burned.
6. Using valve guide reamer, perform reaming to the press-fitted
valve guides.
Valve Seat Contact
●Before starting this check, confirm that the dimension of valve
guide and valves are as specified.
●Apply red lead primer on contacting surfaces of valves seat and
of valve face to examine the conditions of contacting surfaces.
●Check that the paint on contacting surfaces is continuous along
the entire circumference.
●If there are abnormal indications, grind the valve and check the
contact again. If abnormal indications still persist, replace valve
seat.
Valve Seat Replacement
●When removing valve seat, replace it with oversized [0.5 mm (0.020 in)] valve seat.
1. Cut valve seat to make it thin, and pull it out.Valve guide hole diameter (for service parts):
10.175 - 10.196 mm (0.4006 - 0.4014 in)
SEM932C
Projection “L” : 10.4 - 10.6 mm (0.409 - 0.417 in)
JEM156G
Reaming specifications:
Intake and Exhaust
6.000 - 6.018 mm (0.2362 - 0.2369 in)
FEM072
SBIA0322E

CYLINDER HEAD
EM-191
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2. Machine cylinder head inner diameter at valve seat installation
position.
3. Heat cylinder head to approximately 110 to 130°C (230 to
266°F) in oil bath.
4. After cooling valve seats sufficiently with dry ice, press fit it to cylinder head.
CAUTION:
●Do not touch the cooled valve seats directly by hand.
●Cylinder head contains heat, when working, wear protective equipment to avoid getting burned.
5. Using valve seat cutter, finish processing referring to the dimen-
sions shown in the figure.
CAUTION:
When using valve seat cutter, grasp cutter handle with both
hands, press cutter onto contacting face all around, and cut
thoroughly. If cutter is pressed unevenly or repeatedly, the
valve seat surface may be damaged.
6. Using compound, perform valve fitting.
7. Check again to make sure that contacting status is satisfactory.
For details, Refer to EM-190, "
Valve Seat Contact" . Machining dimension:
Intake
30.500 - 30.516 mm (1.2008 - 1.2014 in)
Exhaust
29.500 - 29.516 mm (1.1614 - 1.1620 in)
SEM795A
FEM075
SBIA0197E