1998 NISSAN PICK-UP coolant level

Idle Speed/Ignition Timing/Idle Mixture Ratio
Adjustment
PREPARATION
lMake sure that the following parts are in
good order.
(1) Battery
(2) Ignition system
(3) Engine oil and coolant levels
(4) Fuses
(5) ECM harness connector
(6) Vacuum hoses
(7) Air intake system
(Oil filler cap, oil level gauge, etc.)
(8) Fuel pressure(9) Engine compression
(10) Throttle valvelOn air conditioner equipped models,
checks should be carried out while the air
conditioner is ``OFF''.
lWhen measuring ``CO'' percentage, insert
probe more than 40 cm (15.7 in) into tail
pipe.
lTurn off headlamps, heater blower, rear
window defogger.
lKeep front wheels pointed straight ahead.
LHD MODELS
Overall inspection sequence
INSPECTION START
Perform diagnostic test mode II (Self-diagnostic results).
OK
cNG
Repair or replace.
.
Check & adjust ignition timing.
OKm
NG
Check & adjust idle
speed.
.
OKb
Check function of heated
oxygen sensor.
OK
cNG
Check harnesses of
heated oxygen sensor.
NG
cOK
Check CO%.
OK
.
cNG
Check emission control
parts and repair or
replace if necessary.
bRepair or replace har-
ness(es).
lReplace heated oxy-
gen sensor.
lCheck function of
heated oxygen sensor.
cNG
INSPECTION END
bOK
.
.
.
.
.
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDUREKA
EC-25

SYSTEM
Ð Engine mechanical & otherSYMPTOM
Reference page
HARD/NO START/RESTART (EXCP. HA)
ENGINE STALL
HESITATION/SURGING/FLAT SPOT
SPARK KNOCK/DETONATION
LACK OF POWER/POOR ACCELERATION
HIGH IDLE/LOW IDLE
ROUGH IDLE/HUNTING
IDLING VIBRATION
SLOW/NO RETURN TO IDLE
OVERHEATS/WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH
EXCESSIVE FUEL CONSUMPTION
EXCESSIVE OIL CONSUMPTION
BATTERY DEAD (UNDER CHARGE)
OVERCOOLS
OVERCHARGING
Warranty Symptom Code AA AB AC AD AE AF AG AH AJ AK AL AM HA 1P 1X
Fuel Fuel tank
ll
Ð Fuel piping
lljjljj j
Vapor lockj
Valve depositjjjjj jj j
Poor fuel (Heavy weight gasoline, Low
octane)jjjjj jj j
Air Air ductjjjjj j
Air cleanerj
llljj
Air leakage from air duct
(Mass air flow sensor Ð throttle body)jjjjjjjjj j
Throttle body, Throttle wirej
lljlljj jFE section
Air leakage from intake manifold/
Collector/Gasketj
ljjjjljjlÐ
Cranking Batteryjjjjjj jjj
EL section Alternator circuitjjjjjj jjj
Starter circuit
l
FlywheellÐ
Engine Cylinder head
ljljjljj
Ð Cylinder head gasketjjjjj
ljljj
Cylinder blockjjjj
ljj jj
Pistonjjjjj j
ljl
Piston ringjjjjlljjl
Connecting rodljjjj jj j
Bearing
lljljjlj
Crankshaftjjjjj jj j
Valve
mechanismTiming chain
ljljljj j
Camshaft
ljjjj jj j
Intake valvej
lljjljjj
Exhaust valve
ljljlljjl
Exhaust Exhaust manifold/Tube/Muffler/Gasketjllll ljl
Three way catalystjljjljj j
Lubrication Oil pan/Oil strainer/Oil pump/Oil filter/Oil
gallery
ljjlljj jl
Oil level (Low)/Filthy oiljjjjj jj jj
Cooling Radiator/Hose/Radiator filler capjjjjj jj
lj
Thermostatjjjjjj
ljjljj
Water pump
ljjjj jjlj
Water galleryjjjjj jj jj
Cooling fanjjjj
ljljjljj
Coolant level (low)/Contaminated coolantjjjjj jj jj
l; High Possibility Item
j; Low Possibility Item
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS Ð General DescriptionKA
Symptom Matrix Chart (Cont'd)
EC-63

Overheat
ON BOARD DIAGNOSIS LOGIC
If the cooling fan or another component in the cooling system malfunctions, the engine coolant temperature
will rise.
When the engine coolant temperature reaches an abnormally high temperature condition, a malfunction is
indicated.
Diagnostic trouble
code No.Malfunction is detected when ...Check Items
(Possible Cause)
28
lEngine coolant temperature reaches an abnormally
high temperature.lCooling fan
lRadiator hose
lRadiator
lRadiator cap
lWater pump
lThermostat
For more information, refer to ``MAIN 12
CAUSES OF OVERHEATING'', EC-108.
CAUTION:
When a malfunction is indicated, be sure to replace the coolant following the procedure in MA sec-
tion (``Changing Engine Coolant'', ``ENGINE MAINTENANCE''). Also, replace the engine oil.
lFill radiator with coolant up to specified level with a filling speed of 2 liters per minute like pour-
ing coolant by kettle. Be sure to use coolant with the proper mixture ratio. Refer to MA section
(``Anti-freeze Coolant Mixture Ratio'', ``RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS'').
lAfter refilling coolant, run engine to ensure that no water-flow noise is emitted.
OVERALL FUNCTION CHECK
WARNING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Seri-
ous burns could be caused by high pressure fluid escaping
from the radiator.
Wrap a thick cloth around cap. Carefully remove the cap by
turning it a quarter turn to allow built-up pressure to escape.
Then turn the cap all the way off.
1. Check the coolant level in the reservoir tank and radiator.
Allow engine to cool before checking coolant level.
If the coolant level in the reservoir tank and/or radiator is
below the proper range, skip the following step and go to
``DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE'' on next page.
2. Confirm whether customer filled the coolant or not. If cus-
tomer filled the coolant, go to ``DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE''
on next page.
AEC640
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``OVER HEAT'' (DTC 28)KA
EC-106

MAIN 12 CAUSES OF OVERHEATING
Engine Step Inspection item Equipment Standard Reference page
OFF 1
lBlocked radiator
lBlocked condenser
lBlocked radiator grille
lBlocked bumper
lVisual No blocking Ð
2
lCoolant mixturelCoolant tester 50 - 50% coolant mixture See ``RECOMMENDED
FLUIDS AND LUBRI-
CANTS'' in MA section.
3
lCoolant levellVisual Coolant up to MAX level
in reservoir tank and
radiator filler neckSee ``Changing Engine
Coolant'', ``ENGINE
MAINTENANCE'' in MA
section.
4
lRadiator caplPressure tester 78 - 98 kPa
(0.78 - 0.98 bar, 0.8 - 1.0
kg/cm
2, 11 - 14 psi)
59 - 98 kPa (0.59 - 0.98
bar, 0.6 - 1.0 kg/cm
2,
9 - 14 psi) (Limit)See ``System Check'',
``ENGINE COOLING
SYSTEM'' in LC section.
ON*2 5
lCoolant leakslVisual No leaks See ``System Check'',
``ENGINE COOLING
SYSTEM'' in LC section.
ON*2 6
lThermostatlTouch the upper and
lower radiator hosesBoth hoses should be hot. See ``Thermostat'' and
``Radiator'', ``ENGINE
COOLING SYSTEM'' in
LC section.
ON*1 7
lCooling fanlVisual Operating See ``Cooling Fan'',
``ENGINE COOLING
SYSTEM'' in LC section.
OFF 8
lCombustion gas leaklColor checker chemical
tester 4 gas analyzerNegative Ð
ON*3 9
lCoolant temperature
gaugelVisual Gauge less than 3/4
when drivingÐ
lCoolant overflow to res-
ervoir tanklVisual No overflow during driving
and idlingSee ``Changing Engine
Coolant'', ``ENGINE
MAINTENANCE'' in MA
section.
OFF*4 10
lCoolant return from res-
ervoir tank to radiatorlVisual Should be initial level in
reservoir tankSee ``ENGINE MAINTE-
NANCE'' in MA section.
OFF 11
lCylinder headlStraight gauge feeler
gauge0.1 mm (0.004 in) Maxi-
mum distortion (warping)See ``Inspection'', ``CYL-
INDER HEAD'' in EM
section.
12
lCylinder block and pis-
tonslVisual No scuffing on cylinder
walls or pistonSee ``Inspection'', ``CYL-
INDER BLOCK'' in EM
section.
*1: Engine running at idle.
*2: Engine running at 3,000 rpm for 10 minutes.
*3: Drive at 90 km/h (55 MPH) for 30 minutes and then let idle for 10 minutes.
*4: After 60 minutes of cool down time.
For more information, refer to ``OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS'' in LC section.
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR ``OVER HEAT'' (DTC 28)KA
Overheat (Cont'd)
EC-108

Idle Air Control Valve (IACV) Ð Auxiliary Air
Control (AAC) Valve
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Camshaft position sensorcEngine speed
ECM
(ECCS
control
module)
cIACV-AAC valve
Mass air flow sensorcAmount of intake air
Engine coolant temperature sensor
cEngine coolant temperature
Ignition switch
cStart signal
Throttle position sensor
cThrottle position
Neutral position switch
cNeutral position
Air conditioner switch
cAir conditioner operation
Power steering oil pressure switch
cPower steering load signal
Battery
cBattery voltage
Vehicle speed sensor
cVehicle speed
This system automatically controls engine idle speed to a specified level. Idle speed is controlled through
fine adjustment of the amount of air which by-passes the throttle valve via IACV-AAC valve. The IACV-AAC
valve repeats ON/OFF operation according to the signal sent from the ECM. The camshaft position sensor
detects the actual engine speed and sends a signal to the ECM. The ECM then controls the ON/OFF time
of the IACV-AAC valve so that engine speed coincides with the target value memorized in ECM. The tar-
get engine speed is the lowest speed at which the engine can operate steadily. The optimum value stored
in the ECM is determined by taking into consideration various engine conditions, such as during warm up,
deceleration, and engine load (air conditioner and power steering operation).
COMPONENT DESCRIPTION
IACV-ACC valve
The IACV-AAC valve is moved by ON/OFF pulses from the
ECM. The longer the ON pulse, the greater the amount of air that
will flow through the valve. The more air that flows through the
valve, the higher the idle speed.
SEF040E
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS FOR NON-DETECTABLE ITEMSKA
EC-131

Bulb Replacement
The headlamp is a semi-sealed beam type which uses a replace-
able halogen bulb. The bulb can be replaced from the engine
compartment side without removing the headlamp body.
lGrasp only the plastic base when handling the bulb.
Never touch the glass envelope.
1. Disconnect the battery cable.
2. Disconnect the harness connector from the back side of the
bulb.
3. Pull off the rubber cap.
4. Push and raise retaining pin to loosen it.
5. Remove the headlamp bulb carefully. Do not shake or rotate
the bulb when removing it.
6. Install in the reverse order of removal.
CAUTION:
Do not leave headlamp reflector without bulb for a long
period of time. Dust, moisture, smoke, etc. entering head-
lamp body may affect the performance of the headlamp.
Remove headlamp bulb from the headlamp reflector just
before a replacement bulb is installed.
Aiming Adjustment
When performing headlamp aiming adjustment, use an aiming
machine, aiming wall screen or headlamp tester. Aimers should
be in good repair, calibrated and operated in accordance with
respective operation manuals.
If any aimer is not available, aiming adjustment can be done as
follows:
For details, refer to the regulations in your own country.
a. Keep all tires inflated to correct pressures.
b. Place vehicle and tester on one and same flat surface.
c. See that there is no-load in vehicle (coolant, engine oil
filled up to correct level and full fuel tank) other than the
driver (or equivalent weight placed in driver's position).
CAUTION:
Be sure aiming switch is set to ``0'' when performing aiming
adjustment on vehicles equipped with headlamp aiming
control.
GEL187
SEL226P
HEADLAMP Ð Conventional Type Ð
EL-49

PRELIMINARY CHECK 3
Insufficient heating
DOES AIR FLOW FROM FOOT AREA?
Condition:
lVehicle at operating temperature.
lIgnition switch and fan switch are ON.
lMode control lever is in FOOT position and tem-
perature control lever is in full hot position.
Yes
cNoCHECK BLOWER MOTOR
OPERATION.
Go toDiagnostic Procedure
1, HA-37.
Check the following:
lEngine coolant level. Refer to MA section.
lHoses for leaks or kinks.
lRadiator cap. Refer to LC section (``ENGINE
COOLING SYSTEM'').
lAir in cooling system.
OK
cNG
Repair/replace as necessary.
CHECK WATER COCK OPERATION.
Except for RHD models
Warm up engine before checking.
Refer to ``Control Linkage Adjustment'', HA-46.
OK
cNG
Adjust or replace water cock.
CHECK TEMPERATURE CONTROL CABLE.
Refer to ``Control Linkage Adjustment'', HA-47.
OK
cNG
Adjust temperature control
cable.
VISUALLY INSPECT AIR MIX DOOR.
Access by removing instrument panel.
OK
cNG
Replace air mix door.
CHECK BY FEEL HEATER INLET AND OUTLET
HOSES.
Both hoses
coldBoth hoses
warm
CHECK THERMOSTAT
INSTALLATION.
OKCHECK HEATER HOSES FOR
PROPER INSTALLATION.OK
Replace thermostat. Refer
to LC section (``Thermostat'',
``ENGINE COOLING SYS-
TEM'').
Back flush heater core, drain and refill coolant.
Retest.
Hot inlet
Warm outletBoth hoses
warm
System OK
Replace heater
core.
.
.
.
.
.
..
..
..
TROUBLE DIAGNOSES
Preliminary Check (Cont'd)
HA-23

MAINTENANCE
SECTION
MA
CONTENTS
PRECAUTIONS AND PREPARATION..................... 1
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ``AIR
BAG'' (4WD models).............................................. 1
Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) ``AIR
BAG'' (2WD models).............................................. 1
Special Service Tools ............................................ 2
Commercial Service Tools ..................................... 2
PRE-DELIVERY INSPECTION ITEMS...................... 3
GENERAL MAINTENANCE...................................... 4
PERIODIC MAINTENANCE...................................... 5
Basic Schedule for Gasoline Engine Models ........ 5
Basic Schedule for Diesel Engine Models ............ 8
Maintenance Under Severe Driving Conditions .. 10
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS..... 12
Fluids and Lubricants........................................... 12
SAE Viscosity Number......................................... 13
Anti-freeze Coolant Mixture Ratio........................ 14
KA
ENGINE MAINTENANCE........................................ 15
Checking Drive Belts ........................................... 15
Changing Engine Coolant .................................... 16
Checking Cooling System.................................... 17
Checking Fuel Lines ............................................ 18
Changing Fuel Filter ............................................ 18
Changing Air Cleaner Filter (Viscous paper
type) ..................................................................... 19
Changing Engine Oil ............................................ 19
Changing Oil Filter ............................................... 20
Checking and Changing Spark Plugs.................. 20
Checking Ignition Wires ....................................... 21Checking Positive Crankcase Ventilation
(PCV) System ...................................................... 21
Changing Positive Crankcase Ventilation
(PCV) Filter .......................................................... 21
Checking Vacuum Hoses and Connections ........ 22
Checking Vapor Lines.......................................... 22
Checking Heated Oxygen Sensor ....................... 22
TD
ENGINE MAINTENANCE........................................ 23
Checking Manifold Tightening Torque ................. 23
Adjusting Intake and Exhaust Valve Clearance .. 23
Checking Drive Belt ............................................. 23
Changing Engine Oil ............................................ 24
Changing Engine Oil Filter................................... 24
Changing Engine Coolant .................................... 25
Checking Cooling System.................................... 26
Checking and Replacing Fuel Filter and
Draining Water ..................................................... 27
Checking Fuel Lines ............................................ 28
Cleaning and Replacing Air Cleaner Filter .......... 29
Checking Injection Nozzle ................................... 29
Checking Idle Speed............................................ 30
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE................. 32
Checking Exhaust System ................................... 32
Checking Clutch Fluid Level and Leaks .............. 32
Checking Clutch System...................................... 32
Checking M/T Oil ................................................. 32
Changing M/T Oil ................................................. 32
Checking Water Entry - For 4WD models ........... 33
MA