1988 PONTIAC FIERO oil

INDEX
SECTION
PAGE
MEM -Cal
General Description ................. C1-I
Diagnosis ......................... C1-4
A-60
Service
........................... C1-6
Functional Check
................... C1-7
Minimum
Idle Speed Adjustment ......... C2-12
Misses ............................. 8-5
Negative Backpressure Valve ............ C7-2
No ALDL Data
....................... A- 12
No "Service Engine Soon" Light
.......... A-10
.................... Oil Pressure Switch C2-16
Oxygen Sensor
General Description
.................. C1-3
......................... Diagnosis C1-5
A.24.54. 56
........................... Service C1-8
Park Neutral Switch
General Description
................. C1-3
Diagnosis
.......................... C1-10
C1-5
Service
........................... C1-9
Poor Fuel Economy
.................... B.6.
C5-4
Poor Performance
.................... C5-4
Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV)
General Description. Diagnosis
......... C13-1
Service
............................ C13-2
Pressure Regulator
.................... C2-4
........................ Quad Drivers C 1-4
..................... Reference Signal C1-5
.......................... Rough Idle B-6
RunMode .......................... C2-2
RunOn ............................. B-6
SECTION PAGE
................... Sensor Information C1-2-9
"Service Engine Soon" Light On Steady .... A- 12
................... Setting Timing ... . C4-2
.......................... Shift Light C8-6
Sluggish
............................ B-4
......................... Spark Knock B-4
........................ Speed Sensor C8-2
.................. Speedo Buffer Sensor C8-4
Spongy
............................. B-4
............................ Stalling B-6
........................ Starting Mode C2-2
........................... Stumble B-3
Surges
............................. B-3
.................. System Over Voltage A-60
Throttle Body Unit
................. General Description C2-3
........................... Service C2-11
Throttle Position Sensor
................. General Description C1-3
......................... Diagnosis C1-5
A-30
....................... Adjustments C2-12
........................... Service C1-8
Transmission Converter Clutch TCC System
.................. General Description C8-1
......................... Diagnosis C8.2. 4
U
........................ Unstable Idle B-6
V
...................... Vapor Canister C3-1
Vehicle Speed Sensor
.................. General Description C1-3
.......................... Diagnosis C1-5
A-36
Vehicle Anti-Theft System (VATS)
................. General Description A-58
......................... Diagnosis A-59
W
...................... Wiring Diagrams A-3
................... Won't Flash Code 12 A-
12
Sag
.................+............. B-3
......................... "Scan" Data A-8

6E-12 DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS - FUEL INJECUION
and MPH) for abbreviations used in this Section, but
all types are acceptable.
NA/F - AI WFUEL (NF RATIO)
A.I.R.
- AIR INJECTOR REACTION SYSTEM - Air
flow from pump is directed into engine exhaust
manifold
and/or converter to reduce exhaust
emissions.
ALDL - ASSEMBLY LINE DIAGNOSTIC LINK - Used
at assembly to evaluate Computer Command Control,
and for service to flash the "Service Engine Soon"
light
if there are trouble codes. It also is used by
"Scan" tools to obtain ECM serial data.
BARO - BAROMETRIC ABSOLUTE PRESSURE
SENSOR
- Reads atmospheric pressure.
B + - Battery Positive Terminal (12 Volts) or
system voltage with the engine running
(approximately 13.8
v.)
CALPAK - A device used with fuel injection to
allow fuel delivery in the event of a PROM or ECM
malfunction.
CALIBRATOR - (PROM) - An electronic component
that can be
specifically programmed to meet engine
operating requirements for a
specific vehicle model.
It plugs into the Engine Control Module
(ECM).
CCC - COMPUTER COMMAND CONTROL - has an
electronic control module to control airlfuel and
emission systems.
CLCC - CLOSED LOOP CARBURETOR CONTROL -
Used to describe oxygen sensor to ECM to MIC
solenoid circuit operation.
C3I - Computer Controlled Coil Ignition. Produces
the ignition spark without the aid of an ignition
distributor.
CCP - CONTROLLED CANISTER PURGE - ECM
controlled solenoid valve that permits manifold
vacuum to purge the evaporative emissions from the
charcoal canister.
CID - CUBIC INCH DISPLACEMENT - Used to
describe engine size.
UL OR ULOOP - "CLOSED LOOP" - Describes ECM
fuel control when using oxygen sensor information.
COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR - Device that
senses the engine coolant temperature, and passes
that information to the engine control module.
CONV. - CATALYTIC CONVERTER, THREE-WAY -
EXHAUST CONVERTER. Containing platinum and
palladium to speed up conversion of
HC and CO, and
rhodium to accelerate conversion of NO,.
CO - CARBON MONOXIDE - One of the pollutants
found in engine exhaust.
6V - CRANKCASE VENTlhaflON - Prevents fumes
in crankcase from passing into the atmosphere, by
drawing them into the intake manifold and burning
them in the the combustion process.
DIAGNOSTIC CODE - Pair of numbers obtained
from flashing "Service Engine Soon" light or
displaying on a "Scan" tool. This code can be used to
determine the system malfunction.
DIAGNOSTIC TERM. - Lead of ALDL Connector
which is grounded to get a Trouble Code.
It is
grounded with the engine running to enter the "Field
Service Mode".
DIS - Direct Ignition System. Produces the
ignition spark without the aid of an ignition
distributor.
DVM (10 Meg.) - Digital Voltmeter with 10 Million
ohms resistance
- used for measurement in electronic
systems.
DWELL - The amount of time (recorded on a dwell
meter in degrees of crankshaft rotation) that current
passes through a closed switch; for example, ignition
contact points or internal switch in an electronic
control module.
EAC - ELECTRIC AIR CONTROL - Used on A.I.R.
system to direct air flow to air switching valve or to
atmosphere.
EAS - ELECTRIC AIR SWITCHING - used to direct air
flow to catalytic converter or exhaust ports of the
engine.
ECM - ENGINE CONTROL MODULE (ELECTRONIC) -
A metal case (located in passenger compartment)
containing electronic circuitry which electrically
controls and monitors airlfuel and emission systems
on computer command control, and turns
"ON" the
"Service Engine Soon" light when a malfunction
occurs in the system.
EFI - ELECTRONIC FUEL INJECTION - Computer
Command Control using throttle body fuel injection.
EGR - EXHAUST GAP REClRCUbATlON - Method of
reducing NO, emission levels by causing exhaust gas
to be added to airlfuel mixture in combustion
chamber, thus cooling combustion.
EECS - EVAPORATIVE EMISSIONS CONTROL
SYSTEM
- Used to prevent gasoline vapors in the fuel
tank from entering the atmosphere.
EFE - EARLY FUEL EVAPORATION - Method of
warming the intake manifold during cold engine
operation. Provides efficient airlfuel mixing.
ENERGIZEIDE-ENERGIZE - When current is passed
through a coil (energized) such as the canister purge
solenoid, the plunger is pulled into the solenoid.

DRIVEABILIW AND EMISSIONS - FUEL INJECTION 6E-13
When the voltage to the solenoid is turned off, (de-
energized), a spring raises the plunger.
ESC - ELECTRONIC SPARK CONTROL - Used to
sense detonation and retard spark advance when
detonation occurs.
EST - ELECTRONIC SPARK TIMING - ECM
controlled timing of ignition spark.
EVRV - ELECTRONIC VACUUM REGULAWR
VALVE - Controls EGR vacuum.
FED - FEDEWL - VehicleIEngine available in all
states except California.
GROUND - The negative (-) side of the battery.
Also could be a wire (conductor) shorted to ground.
HC - HYDROCARBONS - One of the pollutants
found in engine exhaust.
HIGH IMPEDANCE VOLTMETER - Mas high
opposition to the flow of electrical current.
Good for
reading circuits with low current flow, such as found
in electronic systems because it allows tests to be
made without affecting the circuit.
HE1 - HIGH ENERGY IGNITION - A distributor that
uses an electronic module and pick-up coil in place of
contact points.
Hg - MERCURY - A calibration material used as a
standard for vacuum measurement.
IAC - IDLE AIR CONTROL - A valve installed in the
throttle body of fuel injected systems and controlled by
the ECM to regulate idle speed.
IDEAL MIXWRE - The airlfuel ratio which provides
the best performance, while maintaining maximum
conversion of exhaust emissions. Typically it is
14.7:1.
ID1 - INTEGRATED DIRECT IGNITION - Produces the
ignition spark without the aid of an ignition
distributor or spark plug wires.
IDLE AIR BLEED VALVE - Controls the amount of
air let into the idle fuel mixture prior to the mixture
entering the carburetor idle system, when the
MIC
solenoid is energized.
ILC - IDLE LOAD COMPENSATOR - Device used to
control throttle angle during long deceleration, such
as coasting down a long grade; it extends at wide open
throttle position or to prevent engine stalls at idle.
INPUTS - Information from sources (such as
coolant temperature sensors, exhaust oxygen sensor,
etc.) to the ECM that indicate how the systems are
performing.
INTERMITTENT - Occurs now and then; not
continuously. In electrical circuits, refers to
occasional open, short, or ground.
I.P. - INSTRUMENT PANEL
ISC - IDLE SPEED CONTROL - Regulates throttle
valve position to control idle speed. Idle speed is
controlled by the ECM and is not adjustable.
KMIHR - KILOMEnR PER HOUR - A metric unit
measuring speed needed to travel distance of one
kilometer (1000 meters) in one hour.
L - LITER - A metric unit of capacity.
L4 - FOUR CYLINDER IN-LINE ENGINE
MAF - MASS AIR FLOW - Sensor which measures
the amount of air entering the engine.
MALFUNCTION - A problem that causes the
system to operate incorrectly. Typical malfunctions
are wiring harness opens or shorts, failed sensors or
circuit components.
MANIFOLD VACUUM SENSOR - Indicates vacuum
in the intake manifold by measuring the pressure in
intake manifold in relation to barometric pressure. It
is also called a differential pressure sensor because
it
measures the difference between the two pressures. It
puts out a voltage which is highest when the vacuum
is highest. The maximum voltage is between 4 and 5
volts.
MAP - MANIFOLD ABSOLUTE PRESSURE SENSOR -
Reads pressure changes in intake manifold with
reference to zero pressure. It puts out a voltage which
is highest when the pressure is highest. The
maximum voltage is between
4 and 5 volts.
MAT - Manifold Air Temperature Sensor.
Measures temperature of air in the intake manifold.
MIC - MIXTURE CONTROL
MEM-CAL
- MEMORY CALIBRATOR - Contains
specific calibrations to meet the requirements of a
specific engine.
MFI - MULTlPORT FUEL INJECnON - Individual
injectors for each cylinder are mounted in the intake
manifold. The injectors are fired in groups rather than
individually.
MIXTURE CONTROL (MIC) SOLENOID - Device,
installed in carburetor, to regulate the airlfuel ratio.
MODE - A particular state of operation.
MPH - MILES PER HOUR - A unit measuring speed
needed to travel distance of one mile (5280 feet) in one
hour.
N.C. - NORMALLY CLOSED - State of relay contacts
or solenoid plunger when no voltage is applied.
N-rn - NEWTON METER (Torque) - A metric unit
describing force.

6E-14 DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS - FUEL INJECTION
N.O. - NORMALLY OPEN - State of relay contacts
or solenoid plunger when no voltage
is applied.
NOx - NITROGEN, OXIDES OF - One of the
pollutants found in engine exhaust.
O2 - OXYGEN (Sensor) - Monitors the oxygen
content of the exhaust system and generates a voltage
signal to the ECM.
OIL or OILOOP - OPEN LOOP - Describes ECM fuel
control without use of oxygen sensor information.
OUTPUT - Result of a function typically controlled
by the ECM.
OXYGEN SENSOR. EXHAUST - Device that detects
the amount of oxygen
(02) in the exhaust stream.
P.A.1.R - PULSE AIR INJECTION REACTOR system -
pulsed air directed into engine to reduce exhaust
emissions.
PCV - POSITIVE CRANKCASE VENTILATION -
Prevent fumes in crankcase from passing into
atmosphere.
PFI - PORT FUEL INJECTION
PIN
- PARWNEUTWL
PORT - EXHAUST OR INTAKE PORT
PROM
- PROGRAMABLE READ ONLY MEMORY-
an electronic term used to describe the engine
calibration unit
.
RPM - REVOLUTIONS PER MINUTE - A measure of
rotational speed.
RVB - REAR VACUUM BMKE - is used to control
choke operation during cold engine conditions.
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC CODE - The ECM can detect
malfunctions in the system.
If a malfunction occurs,
the ECM turns on the "Service Engine Soon" light.
A
diagnostic code can be obtained from the ECM
through the "Service Engine Soon" light, or by use of a
"Scan" tool. This code will indicate the area of the
malfunction.
SES - SERVICE ENGINE SOON LIGHT - Lights when
a malfunction occurs in Computer Command Control
system.
TACH - TACHOMETER
TBI
- THROTTLE BODY INJECTION (Unit) - is
controlled by the ECM to supply precise airlfuel
mixture into the intake manifold.
TCC - TWNSMISSION I TRANSAXLE CONVERTER
CLUTCH
- ECM controlled solenoid in transmission
which positively couples the transmission to the
engine.
THERMAC - THERMOSTATIC AIR CLEANER -
provides preheated air to intake manifold to provide
better driveability when engine
is cold.
TPS - THROnLE POSITION SENSOR - Device that
tells the ECM the throttle position.
TVS - THERMAL VACUUM SWITCH - Used to
control vacuum in relationship to engine temperature.
V - VOLT
V-6 - SIX CYLINDER ENGINE - Two banks of
cylinders, arranged in a
"V".
V-8 - EIGHT CYLINDER ENGINE - Two banks of
cylinders, arranged in a
"V".
VACUUM - Negative pressure; less than
atmospheric pressure.
VACUUM, MANIFOLD - Vacuum source in
manifold below throttle plate.
VACUUM, PORTED - A vacuum source above I (atmospheric side ) of closed throttle plate. , I
WAC SENSOR - Abbreviation for differential
pressure sensor which is a
vacuum sensor.
VIN - VEHICLE IDENTIFIUTION NUMBER. 1
VSS - VEHICLE SPEED SENSOR - Sensor which
sends vehicle speed information to the ECM.
WASTECATE - A means of controlling the amount
of boost available for a Turbo charged engine.
WOT- WIDE OPEN THROPTLE. I
WIRING HARNESS SERVICE I
The ECM wire harness electrically connects the
ECM to the various solenoids, switches, and sensors in
vehicle engine compartment. The ECM is located
inside the vehicle passenger compartment.
Most connectors in the engine compartment are
protected against moisture and dirt which could create
oxidation and deposits on the terminals. This
protection is important because of the very low voltage
and current levels found in the electronic system. The
connectors have a lock which secures the male and
female terminals together. A secondary lock holds the
seal and terminal into the connector.
GENERAL
Molded-on connectors (like Metri-Pack) require
complete replacement of the connector. This means
splicing a new connector assembly into the harness.

6E-20 DRIVEABILITY AND EMISSIONS - FUEL INJECnION -
SPARK TESTER
Use to check available secondary ignition voltage .
Jf 6792lBT7228- 1 Also called an ST125.
MADS AIR FLOW (MAF) SENSOR PESTER
Used for static test of MAF Sensor on vehicles
equipped
with an PJC type MAF Sensor.
CRANKSHAFT SENSOR ALIGNMENT TOOL (C31 SVSf EMS)
Used "t properly align crank or combination sensor to
harmonic balancer interrupter.
connecting them to a new
ECM. Measures the circuit
OIL PRESSURE TRANSDUCER WRENCH
Used to remove or install oil pressure transducer on
J28687-AlBTS228
Used to remove 150 series Metri-Pack "pull-to-seat "
terminals from connectors. Refer to wiring harness
Used to remove Terminals
from Weather Pack
Refer
to wiring harness service Section 6E for removal

HYDRAULIC DIAGNOSIS 700.R4-1
SECTION 700-R4
AUTOMAT C TRANSM
CONTENTS
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The THM 700-R4 is a fully automatic
transmission for rear wheel drive vehicles which
provides four forward gear ranges and a reverse.
The major components of this transmission are:
e Torque Converter Clutch Asm.
e Vane Type Oil Pump
e 2-4 Band Asm.
e Five Multiple Disc Clutches
0 Two Planetary Gear Sets
0 One Sprag Clutch
0 One Roller Clutch
e Valve Body Asm.
The oil pressure and shift points are controlled by
throttle opening via a throttle valve cable. (See Section
7A1 for T.V. cable information).
The transmission can be operated in any one of
the following seven modes:
P
- Park position prevents the vehicle from rolling
either forward or backward. (For safety reasons the
parking brake should be used in addition to the park
position).

HYDRAULIC DIAGNOSIS 700434-3
- The first to second gear shift point
- The second to third gear shift point
MANUAL SECOND (2)
2. With vehicle stopped, place gear selector in
"Second" (2) and accelerate to observe:
- The first to second gear shift point
3. Accelerate to 25 MPH (40 KPH) and observe:
- That a second to third gear shift does not
occur
- That TCC does not engage
MANUAL FIRST (I)
1. With vehicle stopped, place gear selector in
"First" (1) and accelerate to 15 MPH (24
KPH)
and observe:
- That no uoshift occurs
- That TCC does
REVERSE
1. With
vehicle stopped, place gear selector in
"Reverse" (R) and slowly accelerate to observe
reverse gear operation.
All possible throttle positions and corresponding
MPH shift point information has not been
provided.
TRANSMISSION PRESSURE CHECK
PROCEDURE
Inspect
e Fluid level
e TV cable adjustment
e Manual linkage
e Engine mechanical, emissions, electrical and fuel
delivery systems
not engage
Install or Connect (Figure 3)
a Oil pressure gage
a Tachometer

HYDRAULIC DIAGNOSIS 700-R4-5
AS A DIAGNOSIS AID, YOU CAN CHECK THE OIL PRESSU BETWEEN LINE PRESSURE AND THE 2ND, 3RD AND 4TH
WHILE DRIVING THE VEHICLE. IF THE PRESSURE
DIFF
LINE PRESSURE TAP
IS ON LEFT
SIDE
Figure 3 Oil Pressure Tap Locations