2021 VOLVO V90 CROSS COUNTRY engine

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
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595
Engine oil For the recommended service intervals and warranties to be applied, an approved engineoil must be used.
Location of warning decal for the engine compart- ment. The layout of the engine compartment mayvary depending on model and engine variant.
Volvo recommends:
If the engine oil is not checked regularly and the level becomes low, this could cause seri-ous engine damage.
NOTE
The decals shown in the Owner's Manual do not claim to be exact reproductions ofthose found in the vehicle. The purpose isto show approximately how they look andabout where they are located on the vehi-cle. The information that applies for yourvehicle in particular is found on the decalon the vehicle.
CAUTION
To satisfy the requirements for the engine's service intervals, all engines are factory-filled with a specially adapted syntheticengine oil. Great care has been put into thechoice of oil, with consideration given toservice life, startability, fuel consumptionand environmental impact. For the recommended service intervals to apply, an approved engine oil must beused. Only use the prescribed oil grade totop off or change the oil. Otherwise, thereis a risk of the vehicle's service life, starta-bility, fuel consumption and environmentalimpact being affected. Failure to use engine oil of the prescribed grade and viscosity could cause damage toengine-related components. Volvo dis-claims warranty liability for such type ofdamage. Volvo recommends entrusting oil changes to an authorized Volvo workshop.
Symbols for low oil levelVolvo uses different systems to warn if the oil level is too low/high or the oil pressure is low.For oil pressure sensors, a warning symbol isdisplayed in the instrument panel when oil pressure is low
. For oil level sensors, the
warning symbol in the instrument panel

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MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
596and display messages are used to alert the driver. Some engine variants have both sys-tems. Contact a Volvo retailer for more infor-mation. Change the engine oil and oil filter according to the schedule specified in the Warranty andMaintenance Records Information booklet.Oils of a higher grade than that specified maybe used. If the vehicle is driven in adverse con-ditions, Volvo recommends using an oil with ahigher grade than that specified.
Related information

Checking and filling engine oil (p. 596)
Engine oil specifications (p. 658)
Volvo Cars support site (p. 21)
Checking and filling engine oil
The engine oil level is monitored by an elec- tronic oil level sensor.
Viewing oil level in the center display
Example of the oil level graphic in the center display
The oil level can be viewed using the elec- tronic oil level gauge in the center display oncethe vehicle has been started. The oil levelshould be checked regularly. 1. Open the
Car Status app from App view
in the center display.
2. Tap
Status to display the oil level.
NOTE
The system cannot directly detect changes when the oil is filled or drained. The vehiclemust have been driven approximately30 km (20 miles) and have been stationary5 minutes on a level surface and with theengine off before the correct oil level willbe displayed.
NOTE
If the conditions for measuring oil level are not properly fulfilled (time after engineshutdown, vehicle inclination, ambient temperature, etc.) the message
No value
available will be shown in the center dis-
play. This does not mean that anything is
wrong in the vehicle systems.
CAUTION
If this symbol is shown, the oil pressure may be too low. Stopthe vehicle as soon as possibleand have it towed to a workshop
– an authorized Volvo workshop is recom-mended.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
597
Filling engine oil
Filler pipe12
,13
It may be necessary to top up engine oil between regularly scheduled services. Noaction is necessary with regard to engine oillevel until a message appears in the instru-ment panel.
WARNING
If the message Engine oil level Service
required is displayed, drive to a workshop
– an authorized Volvo workshop is recom- mended. The oil level may be too high.
WARNING
Do not spill oil on the hot exhaust pipes as this could cause a fire.
CAUTION
If the messageEngine oil level low Refill
1 liter is displayed, fill only with the speci-
fied volume, e.g. 1 liter (1 quart).
Related information
Engine oil (p. 595)
Engine oil specifications (p. 658)
Ignition modes (p. 401)
Vehicle status (p. 586)
Contacting Volvo (p. 26)
Coolant
The coolant helps ensure that excess heat is distributed in the circuit in order to, for exam-ple, warm up the start battery or provideheating to the passenger compartment.
To avoid deterioration of the cooling system, engine trouble, etc., only approved Volvo cool-ant should be used. Recommended grade: Volvo-approved pre-
mixed coolant. If concentrated coolant is used, mix with 50% water of acceptable quality (i.e.not salt water, etc.). Consult a Volvo retailer ifyou have any questions. To avoid deterioration of the cooling system, engine trouble, etc., only approved Volvo cool-ant should be used.
WARNING
Coolant is hazardous if ingested and could cause damage to organs (kidneys). Theproduct contains ethylene glycol, inhibitor,water, etc.
Related information
Refilling coolant (p. 598)
12
Engines with an electronic oil level sensor do not have a dipstick.
13 The layout of the engine compartment may vary depending on model and engine variant.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
598
Refilling coolant
When refilling coolant, follow the instructions on the package. Never fill the cooling systemwith only water. The risk of freezing isincreased with too low or too high amountsof coolant.
If there is coolant under the vehicle, smoke from the cooling system, or if more than2 liters (about 2 quarts) of coolant has beenadded to the system, there could be some-thing wrong with the cooling system and star-ting the vehicle could damage the engine. Calla tow truck and do not attempt to start theengine.
WARNING
The coolant may be very hot. Never unscrew the cap when the coolant is hot. Ifcoolant must be filled, unscrew the expan-sion tank cap slowly to relieve overpres-sure.
Coolant expansion tank, left-hand drive vehicle
Unscrew the cover in the plastic covering.
Unscrew the expansion tank cap and fill coolant as needed. The level should notexceed the yellow MAX mark inside the
expansion tank.
Put the components back in place in thereverse order.
CAUTION
Do not ingest the contents. May cause damage to organs (kidneys).
Use premixed coolant according toVolvo's recommendations. If concen-trated coolant is used, make sure thatthe coolant mixture is 50% coolantand 50% water of acceptable quality.
Do not mix different types of coolant.
To help ensure sufficient corrosion pro-tection in the system, only use newcoolant when replacing larger compo-nents in the cooling system.
Never run the engine unless the cool-ing system is properly filled. Animproperly filled cooling system couldlead to high temperatures and cracksin the cylinder heads.
High levels of chlorine, chlorides andother salts may cause corrosion in thecooling system.

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Related information
Engine compartment overview (p. 594)
Coolant (p. 597)

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
600
Starter battery The starter battery is used to start the electri- cal system and power the starter motor andother electrical equipment in the vehicle.
The vehicle has a single-pole electrical system that uses the chassis and engine mount asconductors. The vehicle has a voltage-regulated alternating current generator. The starter battery is a 12 V battery, dimen- sioned for the carbon dioxide-reducing func-tions Start/Stop and regenerative chargingand to support the function of the vehicle'svarious systems. The service life and performance of the starter battery are affected by factors such as drivingstyle, driving conditions, climate, battery dis-charges, number of starts, etc. Never disconnect the starter battery while the engine is running.
Make sure the cables to the starter batteryare correctly connected and the clampsare securely tightened.
WARNING
Batteries generate hydrogen gas, which is flammable and explosive.
Do not connect the jumper cable toany part of the fuel system or to anymoving parts. Avoid touching hotmanifolds.
Battery fluid contains sulfuric acid. Donot allow battery fluid to contact eyes,skin, fabrics or painted surfaces.
If contact occurs, flush the affectedarea immediately with water. Obtainmedical help immediately if eyes areaffected.
Never expose the battery to open flameor electric spark. Do not smoke nearthe battery. Failure to follow theinstructions for jump starting can leadto injury.
Starter battery service life and capacity
The service life of the starter battery is affec- ted by several factors, such as number ofstarts, battery discharges, driving style, drivingconditions, climate, etc. The starting capacityof the battery reduces gradually over time. Thebattery must therefore be recharged if thevehicle is not used for a long period of time orif it is only driven short distances. Severe cold further limits starting capacity. If the starterbattery becomes discharged too many times,its service life will be shortened. To help keep the starter battery in good condi- tion, the vehicle should be driven at least15 minutes per week or the battery should beconnected to a battery charger with automatictrickle charging. A starter battery that isalways kept fully charged has the maximumservice life.
Location
The starter battery is located in the cargo compart- ment.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
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Support battery Vehicles with the Start/Stop function are equipped with two batteries – a more power-ful 12 V start battery and a support batterythat provides stronger current during thefunction's start sequence.
The 12 V support battery is located in a box next to the spring strut in the engine compartment.
If the vehicle is instead equipped with a 48 V support battery, it is located under the cargo compartment.The box over the 48 V support battery may only beremoved by an authorized workshop.
WARNING
High voltage may be dangerous if handled incorrectly. Do not touch anything on bat-teries that is not clearly described in thisOwner's Manual. Never use a 48 V support battery to jump start the vehicle.
External electrical equipment may notunder any circumstance be connectedto the 48 V battery.
Only a workshop may replace or per-form service on the 48 V battery – anauthorized Volvo workshop is recom-mended.
NOTE
The higher the current consumption in the vehicle, the more the alternator hasto work and the batteries have to becharged = increased fuel consumption.
When the starter battery capacity hasdropped below the lowest permissiblelevel, the Start/Stop function is disen-gaged.
When the Start/Stop function is temporarily reduced due to high current consumption: The engine will auto-start, even if the driver does not lift their foot from thebrake pedal.
The support battery does not normally requiremore service than the start battery. If you haveany questions or concerns, consult a work-shop ‒
an authorized Volvo workshop is rec-
ommended.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
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CAUTION
If the following is not observed, the Start/ Stop function may temporarily stop work-ing after connection of an external starterbattery or battery charger: The negative battery terminal of thevehicle's starter battery must
never be
used to connect an external starterbattery or battery charger – only thevehicle's negative charging pointshould be used as a grounding point.
NOTE
If the starter battery has been discharged to the extent that the vehicle does not havenormal electrical functions and the enginemust then be jump-started with an externalbattery or a battery charger, the Start/Stopfunction may remain activated. If the Start/Stop function shortly thereafter auto-stopsthe engine, there is a huge risk that auto-start of the engine will fail due to insuffi-cient battery capacity since the battery hadnot had time to recharge. If the vehicle has been jump-started or if there has not been enough time for thebattery to be charged with a batterycharger, the Start/Stop function should betemporarily deactivated until the batteryhas been recharged by the vehicle. At anambient temperature of about +15°C(about 60°F), the battery must be chargedby the vehicle for at least one hour. Atlower ambient temperatures, the chargingtime can increase to 3-4 hours. It is advisa-ble to charge the battery with an externalbattery charger.
Specifications for support battery
Type AGM
Voltage (V) 12
Cold start capacity A
-
CCA B
(A) 170
Dimensions, L×W×H 150×90×130 mm
(5.9×3.5×5.1 inches)
Capacity (Ah) 10
A According to EN standard.
B Cold Cranking Amperes.
CAUTION
If replacing the battery, make sure you replace it with a battery of the same size,cold start capacity and type as the originalbattery (see the decal on the battery).
Related information
Starter battery (p. 600)
Start/Stop function (p. 425)
Battery symbols (p. 604)
Battery recycling (p. 604)