2013 PORSCHE CAYENNE fuel pump

Drive systems and chassis | Engine technology · 42
41 · Drive systems and chassis | Engine technology
Compression with precision.
Essential for getting right to the point.
Direct fuel injection (DFI).
DFI injects fuel directly into the combus -
tion chamber at up to 120 bar with milli -
second precision using electromagnetic
injectors. The injector position and spray
geometry have been carefully designed
to improve output, torque, fuel economy
and emissions. The swirling of the fuel as
it enters each chamber increases the
mixing of air and fuel, thereby enhancing
combustion. By forming the air/fuel mix -
ture directly in the combustion chamber,
DFI contributes to engine cooling. As a
result, it was possible to increase the
compression ratio and therefore power
and efficiency.
Direct fuel injection on the diesel
engine (common-rail injection system).
On the Cayenne Diesel, direct fuel injec -
tion comes courtesy of a common-rail
injection system. The injection pressure
is now up to 2,000 bar, ensuring optimum
distribution of the air/fuel mixture – for
greater performance. The piezoelectric
injectors provide flexible injection rate
adjustment, using exactly metered
quantities of fuel, with multiple injections
for each power stroke to deliver smooth
combustion.
Cooling systems.
A high-performance engine can only
maintain its maximum capability over
a long service life if all components are
operating consistently within a specific
temperature range. The engines in the
Cayenne models are therefore designed
for efficient cooling.
In order to reduce the frictional losses
that occur during warm-up, all Cayenne
models feature comprehensive thermal
management. Using intelligent control,
it activates the different cooling circuits
individually and on demand, thereby
ensuring that the optimum operating
temperature for the engine and trans -
mission is reached more quickly. This
minimises friction – and keeps fuel
consumption and CO
2 emissions low.
The V8 engines have an enhanced coolant
management system offering effective
temperature control throughout the engine.
While 20 % of coolant flows longitudinally
through the crankcase, the remaining 80 %
serves the cylinder heads using the proven
cross-flow principle (from hot to cold).
On all Cayenne models, the piston heads
are cooled using oil-spray jets integrated
within the main lubrication system.
The entire cooling system is designed for
prolonged heav y-dut y use, e.g. off-road
driving or heav y towing and carrying
applications.
Lubrication.
The V8 engines use dry-sump lubrication
to ensure a consistent supply of oil in
all load conditions, especially in off-road
terrain. The oil reservoir is located inside
the engine. This saves on space and
reduces weight.
Oil is circulated around the V8 engines
using a demand-driven pump. This has
been designed for the toughest driving
scenarios on and off road, including per -
formance driving and extreme gradients.
The V6 engines have a wet-sump lubrica -
tion system. Ensuring a reliable supply of
oil, whatever the driving conditions.
For fuel consumption, CO
2 emissions and efficiency class data, please refer to pages 150/151.

Drive systems and chassis | Transmission · 46
45 · Drive systems and chassis | Transmission
Precision control.
Whatever your choice of terrain.
Transmission.
Six-speed manual gearbox.
The six-speed manual gearbox on the
Cayenne has been specifically adapted
for the demands of high-performance
use. The gear lever throw is short and
precise, and each of the six ratios has
been selected for optimum progression
through the gears. As the centre console
rises to meet the dashboard, the gear
lever is close to hand – for an even more
engaging drive.
The standard upshift display in the
instrument cluster helps to reduce fuel
consumption further still. Eight-speed Tiptronic S is also available
as an option on the Cayenne in conjunc
-
tion with the auto start/stop function.
Standard on the Cayenne.
Eight-speed Tiptronic S.
The outstanding feature of the eight-
speed Tiptronic S is a particularly wide
ratio spread. 1st gear is designed for
optimum acceleration when pulling away
and greater performance when tackling
ascents and towing loads in off-road
terrain. Top speed is reached in 6th gear
(in 7th gear on the Cayenne Diesel). The
remaining upper gears are used to lower
the revs at high speed, thereby enhanc -
ing fuel economy and occupant comfort. On the motorway in particular, driving

at low revs will significantly reduce the
noise level inside the vehicle.
In automatic mode, the driver can influ -
ence gearshifts on the Tiptronic S using
the throt tle and brakes alone. Tiptronic S
automatically adapts the gearshift points
for performance driving – equally, if a
more defensive driving st yle is detected,
the system selects a gearshift point that
offers maximum fuel economy. Under
heav y braking, Tiptronic S shifts down to
maximise engine braking.
An electric pump is used to maintain the
required pressure of the transmission fluid,
e.g. to transmit high levels of torque
at
lower engine speeds. The standard sports steering wheel in
conjunction with Tiptronic S has two
ergonomic switches for manual gear
changes. One press forward with the
thumb and Tiptronic S shifts up. One

pull backwards with the index finger and
Tiptronic S shifts down. Either the right
or left-hand switch can be used. The
result: an even more dynamic response
when changing gear.
Standard on the Cayenne Diesel,
Cayenne S, Cayenne S Hybrid,

Cayenne GTS and Cayenne Turbo.
Optional for the Cayenne.
Tiptronic S gear selector
For fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and efficiency class data, please refer to pages
15 0/ 151.

Drive systems and chassis | Chassis · 54
53 · Drive systems and chassis | Chassis
Shedding weight.
Adding agility, economy and comfort.

Chassis.
Weight reduction.
The axle concept on the Cayenne models
features consistent lightweight con -
struc
tion. The results: enhanced driving
dynamics, lower fuel consumption and
optimum occupant comfort.
Front axle.
The chassis on the Cayenne models
offers a direct response – for a more
rewarding driving experience. The wish -
bones on the subframe-mounted front
suspension with high-mounted upper
arms are in aluminium. This axle design
ensures accurate wheel location, greater
agility and minimal interference on uneven
surfaces. The subframe is secured on
large rubber mountings that reduce road
noise to a minimum.
It is also specially constructed to increase
stability. For enhanced comfort and even
greater active and passive safet y. In the
event of an impact, the subframe deforms
in a predefined manner.
Rear axle.
The rear axle features multi-link suspen -
sion. Ideal for performance road and track
use, it also copes well with the extremely
high towing and carrying loads that are
possible with each Cayenne. The suspen -
sion struts are angled to allow longer
suspension travel and create a deeper and
wider cargo area. As well as providing
additional space, the car is also easier
to
load.
The rear axle design minimises dive and
squat under acceleration and braking.
It also improves mid-corner stability and
compensates for sudden load transfer. In short: it enables a more relaxed

way of driving. Examples of intelligent
lightweight construction on the rear
axle include hollow drive shafts.
Steering.
The steering system has been com pletely
revised and adapted for a more immediate
response and greater driving dynamics.
Around the straight-ahead pos ition, in
particular, the ratio is now more direct.
With the variable steering ratio and spe -
cial valve settings on the power-steering
system, optimum manoeuvrability is
ensured. The turning circle of the Cayenne
models is just 11.9 metres.
The steering column itself consists of
multiple collapsing sections linked by two
universal joints and a special deformation
element provides additional safet y in the
event of a front impact. Electro -hydraulic power steering is

used for the first time on the Cayenne S
Hybrid. The demand-driven pump only
provides assistance to the steering as
and when required, thereby contributing
to overall efficiency.
Power steering Plus.
Power steering Plus is a speed-sensitive
power-steering system.
At higher speeds, the steering becomes
firmer, inputs are more precise and
driver comfort is enhanced. At lower
speeds, it enables easy manoeuvrability
and parking.
Standard on the Cayenne S Hybrid.
Optional for all other Cayenne models.
For fuel consumption, CO2 emissions and efficiency class data, please refer to pages 150/151.